Download or read book Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Promotes Motor Rehabilitation Through Neural Plasticity written by Dongsheng Xu and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-02-10 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Non invasive Brain Stimulation to Characterize and Alter Motor Function After Spinal Cord Injury written by Aaron Z. Bailey and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) now permit the precise assessment of circuitry in human motor cortices that contribute to movement. Further, TMS approaches are used to promote neural plasticity within cortical and spinal circuitry in an attempt to create short-term changes in motor control. This review is focused on the application of TMS techniques in the study of characterizing and promoting neural plasticity within individuals presenting with chronic spinal cord injury. We review TMS research performed in individuals with SCI and consider new opportunities for the use of TMS approaches to promote neural plasticity for improving motor recovery.
Download or read book Plasticity in the Human Nervous System written by Simon Boniface and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-25 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is now well known that the functional organisation of the cerebral cortex is plastic and that changes in organisation occur throughout life in response to normal and abnormal experience. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive and painless technique that has opened up completely new and fascinating avenues to study neural plasticity. First, TMS can be used to detect changes in excitability or connectivity of the stimulated cortex which may have occurred through processes such as learning or recovery from a lesion. Second, repeated TMS by itself can induce changes in excitability and connectivity of the stimulated cortex which may be used therapeutically in neurological and psychiatric disease. Third, TMS can induce short-lasting 'virtual lesions', which may directly test the functional relevance of brain plasticity. Current knowledge of all these exciting possibilities is brought together in this book, written by the world's leading experts in the field. The book is an essential compendium on plasticity of the human brain for clinical neurophysiologists, neurologists, psychiatrists and neuroscientists.
Download or read book Non Invasive Brain Stimulation in the Study and Modulation of Metaplasticity in Neurological Disorders written by Mariagiovanna Cantone and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-09-03 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury written by Daniel Laskowitz and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-21 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a significant source of death and permanent disability, contributing to nearly one-third of all injury related deaths in the United States and exacting a profound personal and economic toll. Despite the increased resources that have recently been brought to bear to improve our understanding of TBI, the developme
Download or read book Stroke Rehabilitation written by Leeanne M. Carey and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-06-28 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stroke Rehabilitation: Insights from Neuroscience and Imaging informs and challenges neurologists, rehabilitation therapists, imagers, and stroke specialists to adopt more restorative and scientific approaches to stroke rehabilitation based on new evidence from neuroscience and neuroimaging literatures. The fields of cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging are advancing rapidly and providing new insights into human behavior and learning. Similarly, improved knowledge of how the brain processes information after injury and recovers over time is providing new perspectives on what can be achieved through rehabilitation. Stroke Rehabilitation explores the potential to shape and maximize neural plastic changes in the brain after stroke from a multimodal perspective. Active skill based learning is identified as a central element of a restorative approach to rehabilitation. The evidence behind core learning principles as well as specific learning strategies that have been applied to retrain lost functions of movement, sensation, cognition and language are also discussed. Current interventions are evaluated relative to this knowledge base and examples are given of how active learning principles have been successfully applied in specific interventions. The benefits and evidence behind enriched environments is reviewed with examples of potential application in stroke rehabilitation. The capacity of adjunctive therapies, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation, to modulate receptivity of the damaged brain to benefit from behavioral interventions is also discussed in the context of this multimodal approach. Focusing on new insights from neuroscience and imaging, the book explores the potential to tailor interventions to the individual based on viable brain networks.
Download or read book Brain Stimulation written by Marco Sandrini and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stroke is the major cause of long-term disability worldwide, with impaired manual dexterity being a common feature. In the past few years, noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), have been investigated as adjuvant strategies to neurorehabilitative interventions. These NIBS techniques can be used to modulate cortical excitability during and for several minutes after the end of the stimulation period. Depending on the stimulation parameters, cortical excitability can be reduced (inhibition) or enhanced (facilitation). Differential modulation of cortical excitability in the affected and unaffected hemisphere of patients with stroke may induce plastic changes within neural networks active during functional recovery. The aims of this chapter are to describe results from these proof-of-principle trials and discuss possible putative mechanisms underlying such effects. Neurophysiological and neuroimaging changes induced by application of NIBS are reviewed briefly.
Download or read book Neuroplasticity and Rehabilitation written by Sarah A. Raskin and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brain plasticity is the focus of a growing body of research with significant implications for neurorehabilitation. This state-of-the-art volume explores ways in which brain-injured individuals may be helped not only to compensate for their loss of cognitive abilities, but also possibly to restore those abilities. Expert contributors examine the extent to which damaged cortical regions can actually recover and resume previous functions, as well as how intact regions are recruited to take on tasks once mediated by the damaged region. Evidence-based rehabilitation approaches are reviewed for a range of impairments and clinical populations, including both children and adults.
Download or read book Subcortical Stroke written by Geoffrey Donnan and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2002-04-11 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Subcortical Stroke is a new and fully revised edition of Lacunar and Other Subcortical Infarctions (OUP, 1995). Stroke is one of the most common causes of death and subcortical stroke accounts for 20-30% of all cerebrovascular infarctions. Our understanding of stroke processes in general, and subcortical stroke in particular, has advanced considerably in recent years. Research findings from the fields of neurochemistry, imaging and genetics have provided insight and input to our understanding of this condition, and this new edition provides an opportunity to describe these advances, and to relate the findings to the clinical expression, neural mechanism, prognosis and treatment of subcortical stroke. In addition, new subcortical syndromes such as CADASIL are covered, as is subcortical haemorrhage. This book presents a comprehensive and authoritative review of the field with contributions from the leading international experts. Subcortical Stroke is for stroke physicians, neurologists and those researching cerebrovascular diseases.
Download or read book Transcranial Brain Stimulation written by Carlo Miniussi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-12-03 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the discovery of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial electrical stimulation (tES), these non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques have been used to investigate the state of cortical excitability, and the excitability of the cortico-cortical and corticospinal pathways. In addition, these techniques have been found
Download or read book Handbook of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation written by Alvaro Pascual-Leone and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-11-30 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transcranial Magnetic Stimul0tion (TMS) is a non-invasive technique that has revolutionised the study of the human nervous system allowing in-depth investigations of complex voluntary motor control pathways. Today, many of the techniques used in TMS have become routine in clinical electrophysiological assessments. As an investigative tool, its application ranges from clinical diagnostics to cognitive research. Now the use of repetitive TMS (rTMS) is gaining support amongst psychiatrists as evidence suggests that it may provide an alternative to ECT in treating depression and other psychiatric disorders. This handbook brings together the basic science, fundamental principles, and essential procedures of TMS needed by all those useing or planning to use the technique clinically or in research. The final two sections focus upon current up to date knowledge of applications of the technique. Written in a digestible style by world authorities in different related specialties, the Handbook of TMS will be a valuable and comprehensive guide for clinical neurophysiologists, neuropsychiatrists, neurologists and psychiatrists.
Download or read book Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation written by Richard L. Harvey, MD and published by Demos Medical Publishing. This book was released on 2008-11-20 with total page 817 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Doody's Core Title 2012 Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation is the new gold standard comprehensive guide to the management of stroke patients. Beginning with detailed information on risk factors, epidemiology, prevention, and neurophysiology, the book details the acute and long-term treatment of all stroke-related impairments and complications. Additional sections discuss psychological issues, outcomes, community reintegration, and new research. Written by dozens of acknowledged leaders in the field, and containing hundreds of tables, graphs, and photographic images, Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation features: The first full-length discussion of the most commonly-encountered component of neurorehabilitation Multi-specialty coverage of issues in rehabilitation, neurology, PT, OT, speech therapy, and nursing Focus on therapeutic management of stroke related impairments and complications An international perspective from dozens of foremost authorities on stroke Cutting edge, practical information on new developments and research trends Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation is a valuable reference for clinicians and academics in rehabilitation and neurology, and professionals in all disciplines who serve the needs of stroke survivors.
Download or read book Effects of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Brain Plasticity and Motor Function in Parkinsonian Rats written by 謝宗勳 and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Manual of Aphasia Therapy written by Nancy Helm-Estabrooks and published by Austin, Tex. : PRO-ED. This book was released on 1991 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Promoting Manual Dexterity Recovery After Stroke written by Martin Lotze and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-11-20 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Novel Technologies Targeting the Rehabilitation of Neurological Disorders written by Jie Jia and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-04-04 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the gradual aging of the population, neurological disorders, including stroke, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, etc., are causing increasing distress and may even cause the loss of ability to perform activities of daily living. These disorders are generally progressive. Once onset, they may affect the entire life span with subsequent functional impairments such as motor impairment, speech impairment, swallowing impairment, sensory impairment, and cognitive impairment. Rehabilitation therapy is essential for the dysfunction caused by such disorders. Proper rehabilitation programs can improve or compensate for patients' dysfunction, and thus facilitate the restoration of their ability to daily living, help them return to social life, and reduce family and social stress.
Download or read book Neuromodulation Improves Motor and Cognitive Performance in Animal Models written by Carolina Cywiak and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neurons change the way they respond to a specific stimulus by functional and structural changes, known as neuroplasticity. Neuroplasticity can be modified via different stimuli as electrical, chemical, and mechanical interventions, causing alterations to central and peripheral nervous system functions. Past neuroimaging studies related to chronic pain showed changes associated with altered cortical balance between excitation-inhibition and maladaptive plasticity. However, the mechanisms behind neuroplasticity and the optimal parameters which induce long-term, and sustainably enhanced performance remain unknown. Previous studies have shown that neuromodulation can induce beneficial changes through neuroplasticity. Therefore, in this study we focused on identifying the best strategies to induce neuroplasticity in the somatosensory cortex (S1). First, we tested if non-invasive repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) induces neuronal excitability, and cell-specific magnetic activation via the Electromagnetic-Perceptive Gene (EPG). EPG is a novel gene that was identified and cloned from glass catfish (Kryptopterus vitreolus). In response to magnetic stimulation, this gene promotes neural activation, which could potentially restore cortical excitability. The results demonstrated that neuromodulation significantly improved long-term mobility, decreased anxiety, and enhanced neuroplasticity, reinforcing the growing amount of evidence from human and animal studies that are establishing neuromodulation as an effective strategy to promote plasticity and rehabilitation. Second, we identified the best protocol to facilitate the greatest changes in fMRI activation maps in the rat S1. The results showed that a single session of rTMS increased S1 activity, but induced changes that are absent three days after the session. Instead, forepaw stimulation of 10 Hz delivered synchronized with 10 Hz rTMS for five consecutive days demonstrated the greatest increase in the extent of the evoked fMRI responses. These results provide direct indication that pairing peripheral stimulation with rTMS induces long-term plasticity, and this phenomenon appears to follow a time-dependent plasticity mechanism. Given these results, we can conclude that neuromodulation induced by changes on S1 can improve cortical balance, and this therapy could be used in the future to treat different types of disorders.
