Download or read book Trade Policies and Incentives in Indian Agriculture written by Garry Pursell and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1998 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper describes the methodology for a series of background papers that measure incentives in India's agriculture. The first study on sugarcane and sugar shows that the domestic market has been isolated from world markets by extensive controls, but between 1965 and 1995 there was a significant downward trend in the ratio of domestic to international sugar prices. This paper is the first in a series of studies to provide background data and protection and incentive indicators for 13 major Indian crops, which have been estimated in connection with extensive research on Indian agricultural incentives. The general methodology of the studies is described in the first section of the paper. The second section of the paper focuses on sugarcane and sugar. It shows that between 1965 and 1994 real domestic prices of sugar and cane were quite stable in India, declining an average of 0.6 percent (sugar) and 0.3 percent (cane) a year. During the same 29 years the free market price of sugar fluctuated widely (expressed in Indian rupees) but in real terms increased about 1.3 percent a year. This contrast in trends reflects the real devaluation of the rupee after 1986 but meant that by the early 1990s, at world sugar prices of US 13-15 cents a pound or higher, India's domestic prices were roughly equivalent to, or below, world reference prices. Because of the fluctuations in world free market prices, nominal protection of sugar and sugarcane production in India-as measured by differences between domestic prices and border reference prices-also fluctuated. Nominal protection was: * High during low world prices in the 1960s and the mid-1980s. * Negative when world prices were high in the mid-1970s and early 1980s. * Moderate to low by previous standards between 1989 and 1994. Incentives for cane production did not change much when allowance is made for the nominal protection of tradable inputs (principally fertilizers) or subsidies for the principal nontradable imports (canal irrigation, credit, and electricity for pumpsets). Incentives for cane production were somewhat higher in Uttar Pradesh than in Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu. Half of Indian cane production is used by artisanal producers of gur and small-scale de facto unregulated producers of khandsari sugar. Because of India's complex regulatory system-especially in the important sugar-producing state, Uttar Pradesh-incentives are significantly higher for unregulated activities than for the modern sugar mill sector. Regulations subject sugar mills to controls that require them to: * Sell specific quantities of their sugar production at low levy prices. * Sell molasses production at a fraction (0.1 or less) of open market and border prices. * Pay minimum prices (for specific quantities of cane) at above-free-market prices, except in years of cane shortages. This paper is a product of Trade, Development Research Group. Garry Pursell may be contacted at [email protected].

Download or read book Trade Policies and Incentives in Indian Agriculture written by Garry Pursell and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper describes the ...

Download or read book Trade Policies and Incentives in Indian Agriculture written by Garry Pursell and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Liberalising Indian Agriculture written by Garry Pursell and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1993 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book From Food Scarcity to Surplus written by Ashok Gulati and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-02-07 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together unique experiences of India, China and Israel in overcoming economic, social, and natural resource challenges. Through its eleven chapters, the book captures the role of groundbreaking innovations in achieving unprecedented agricultural growth and stabilizing these nations. It provides a future outlook of the new challenges that will confront these countries in 2030 and beyond, related to tackling food and nutrition security, sustainable agricultural growth and adhering to improved food safety standards. This book provides useful insights for exploring technological innovations and policies that can address these future challenges and develop profitable and sustainable agriculture. This volume also highlights valuable lessons that India, China and Israel provide for the rest of the developing world where population is growing fast; natural resources are limited; and it is a challenge to produce enough food, feed and fibre for their populations. Tracing the historical past, this book is an impressive resource for academicians, policymakers, practitioners, agribusiness players, entrepreneurs in understanding the role of innovations in addressing future challenges.

Download or read book Agriculture and Trade in China and India written by T. N. Srinivasan and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Asia written by Kym Anderson and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2009-02-04 with total page 606 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The vast majority of the world's poorest households depend on farming for their livelihoods. During the 1960s and 1970s, most developing countries imposed pro-urban and anti-agricultural policies, while many high-income countries restricted agricultural imports and subsidized their farmers. Both sets of policies inhibited economic growth and poverty alleviation in developing countries. Although progress has been made over the past two decades to reduce those policy biases, many trade- and welfare-reducing price distortions remain between agriculture and other sectors and within the agricultural sector of both rich and poor countries. Comprehensive empirical studies of the disarray in world agricultural markets appeared approximately 20 years ago. Since then, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development had provided estimates each year of market distortions in high-income countries, but there have been no comparable estimates for the world's developing countries. This volume is the third in a series (other volumes cover Africa, Europe's transition economices, and Latin America and the Caribbean) that not only fills that void for recent years but extends the estimates in a consistent and comparable way back in time and provides analytical narratives for scores of countries that shed light on the evolving nature and extent of policy interventions over the past half-century. 'Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Asia' provides an overview of the evolution of distortions to agricultural incentives caused by price and trade policies in the 12 largest economies of East and South Asia. Together these countries constitute more than 95 percent of the region's population, agricultural output, and overall GDP. Sectoral, trade, and exchange rate policies in the region have changed greatly since the 1950s, and there have been substantial reforms since the 1980s, most notably in China and India. Nonetheless, numerous price distortions in this region remain and others have added in recent years. The new empirical indicators in these country studies provide a strong evidence-based foundation for assessing the successes and failures of the past and for evaluating policy options for the years ahead.

Download or read book Distortions to Agricultural Incentives written by Kym Anderson and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2009 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume in the 'Distortions to Agricultural Incentives' series focus on distortions to agricultural incentives from a global perspective.

Download or read book Indian Agriculture Under the Shadows of WTO and FTAs written by Rajan Sudesh Ratna and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-13 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the various issues and concerns faced by Indian agriculture under the obligations of WTO and the Free Trade Agreements. While the issues discussed pertain mainly to India, the lessons can also be derived for many other similarly placed developing countries. The book delves into various aspects of Indian agricultural trade and evaluates the domestic policies and regulations of government while also looking at external factors like WTO, free trade agreements and non-tariff barriers. Chapters of this book have been contributed by eminent agricultural economists, lawyers and social scientists providing the perspective from their sector. This book highlights the challenges and opportunities for agriculture sector under the rapidly growing regional trade agreements and results of negotiations under the WTO. It also provides critical insights into the ongoing fisheries subsidies negotiations at the WTO and issues relating to non-tariff measures. The findings have broad implications for developing countries in general and India in particular. This book will greatly benefit trade negotiators, policymakers, civil society, farmer groups, researchers, students, and academics interested in issues related to the WTO, FTAs, tariff and non-tariff barriers and other allied issues concerning Indian agriculture. The techniques used in analytical part will mostly benefit the researchers as they can not only use these techniques and methodologies for their future research, but to also carry the research forward. The book is useful for many educational institutes which teach international trade, agricultural economics, and WTO and FTAs studies.

Download or read book Agriculture and The World Trade Organisation written by G. S. Bhalla, Jean-Luc Racine, Frédéric Landy and published by Les Editions de la MSH. This book was released on 2008-05-05 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volume offers to the reader a multi-faceted dialogue between noted experts from two major agricultural countries, both founding members of the Word Trade Organisation, each one with different stakes in the great globalisation game. After providing the recent historical background of agricultural policies in India and France, the contributors address burning issues related to market and regulation, food security and food safety, the expected benefits from the WTO and the genuine problems raised by the new forms of international trade in agriculture, including the sensitive question of intellectual property rights in bio-technologies. This informed volume underlines the necessity of moving beyond the North-South divide, in order to address the real challenges of the future.

Download or read book Agricultural Incentives in India written by Thomas Jullien and published by Manohar Publishers. This book was released on 2004 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published in association with Centre de Sciences Humaines, New Delhi. This book gathers twelve papers which sustained the discussions and conclusions of an Indo-French seminar organized by the Centre de Sciences Humaines (CSH, New Delhi) on 3 and 4 April 2000 at the India International Centre (IIC, New Delhi). The objective of this meeting was rather ambitious and sensitive: to debate the relevance and sustainability of a nearly forty-years old system of public incentives to Indian agriculture, mainly subsidies to water, electricity and fertilizers. The sensitivity of the subject, as also its pertinence, is rooted in the difficult challenge that India had to take up since the early 1990s: to liberalize and open to the world its domestic market in order to bypass some inefficiencies or failures of its mixed economy, without selling of in the process its decision-making independence, as well as some social and environmental objectives peculiar to the subcontinent or to the world community.

Download or read book Agriculture in India written by B. Sambasiva Rao and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Present Volume Is A Collection Of Selected Papers Presented T The Seminar On Agriculture In Andhra Pradesh: Policy, Performance And Prospects . This Volume Will Be Useful To The Academicians, Policy Makers And Administrators To Take Policy Decisions To Achieve Sustainable Agricultural Development. The Focus Of The New Economic Policy In India Has Been To Integrate The Economy With The Global Market. Among The Measured Aimed At Bringing About Structural Reforms To Accelerate Growth In Different Sectors Of The Economy, Particularly The Agricultural Sector, Needs Deeper Study. The Process Of Economic Reforms And The Gradual Opening Up Of Indian Agricultural To World Markets Is Likely To Turn The Terms Of Trade In Favour Of Agriculture, Thus Creating Better Incentives And Environment For Agriculture. The Wto, A Fair And Market Oriented Agricultural Trading System, Initiated Reform Process Through The Negotiation Of Commitments On Support And Protection Leading To Substantial Progressive Reduction In Agricultural Support And Finally Resulting In Correcting Restrictions And Distortions In The World Agricultural Markets. Modernisation And Diversification Of Agriculture Help Institution Building And Sectoral Growth For The Effective Management Of The Delivery Systems.

Download or read book Trade Policy and Determinants of Trade in Agriculture written by M. G. Deepika and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With reference to India.

Download or read book Price and Trade Policies for Developing Country Agriculture written by Ashish Kamalakar Vaidya and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Export Subsidy in Indian Agriculture written by Tarun Jain and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analysing the genesis and history of international trade in agricultural goods, one would find that the root cause of distortion of international trade in agriculture has been trade policies of the states. Massive domestic subsidies have been given by the industrialized countries to their agricultural sector over many years. These subsidies, owing to the lack of matching protection and incentive given by the developing and least developed countries (owing to their weak financial positions and other related factors), have led to excessive production and the consequent dumping of the agricultural product of the developed countries in international markets. This paper analyzes the situation of export subsidy in India and the various attributes relates to the same.

Download or read book WTO Globalization and Indian Agriculture written by Mohd. Iqbal Ali and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Globalization trends of the recent past have impacted the world economies immensely, particularly those of developing countries. Countries worldwide are reshaping their economic and trade policies to meet the challenges of new rules of trade under the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the intense competition unleashed by the forces of globalization. The changed economic milieu has affected the Indian economy - more so in the agricultural sector - in several ways. India's stagnating agriculture has aggravated the urgency for debate on how to meet the challenges of new rules of the game under the WTO and globalization. This book contains 11 research papers which provide deep insights into the various dimensions of the impact of the new world economic order on agriculture in India.

Download or read book India Rich Agriculture Poor Farmers Income Policy for Farmers written by R.L. Pitale and published by Daya Books. This book was released on 2007 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Green Revolution strategy developed India s agriculture sector phenomenally from 1970 to 1990 and made India self sufficient in food grains and other agricultural commodities. The limitation of small size of the farms was made good by a package of inputs and small farmers of India competed well with developed countries. However, since 1990s and during the last five years farmers are facing the problem of decreasing income and many farmers have committed suicide during the last two years. The need has arisen for policy shift from farms ie production to farmers ie income. There is no concerted thinking on income policy for farmers unlike the developed countries. The book proposes to present design of income policy for farmers suiting India s over populated rural sector. The profile of the farms and the farmers is presented to understand the structure of the farm economy and type of farmers for whom the income policy is designed. It also looks into the present income level of the farmers and limitations of the data in this respect. Sheer number of farmers producing different commodities is so large that it is a complicated task to have a homogenous one track policy. The main limitation in India s agriculture to increase farmers income is small size of farm. The partnership farming through an incentive mechanism can bring small and large farmers together for commercial management of farms for increasing farmers income. An income policy for farmers is designed keeping in view the financial constraints. The policy is a mix of direct and indirect incentives in money terms for increasing income. Such a kit is designed based on the level of agricultural development in different States in India. Any policy to be effectively implemented requires financial resources for a fairly long period of time. India has huge foreign exchange reserves of about $154.1 billion (April, 2006) which have been sterilized for fear of inflation. A case has been made out for use of $10-15 billion to implement income policy without crossing safe limit of FE Reserves. The income generation capacity of the farmer commensurate with the efficiency in production is the key to integrate Indian agriculture in world trade in agricultural commodities. Financially weak farmers will hardly be able to face the competition from the developed countries. The strategy to face and welcome the WTO is spelt out in the light of Agreement on Agriculture discussed in Doha, Cancun and Hong Kong round of negotiations. The Government needs to change its policy gear from production economics to income economics. Contents Chapter 1: India: Rich Agriculture: Poor Farmers (From Farm to Farmers); Chapter 2: Geography of Farm Sector and Farmers; Chapter 3: Partnership Farming: Farm Gate Agro-Industry Collaboration; Chapter 4: Costing and Pricing in Agriculture: Market and Non-Market Pricing Arrangements; Chapter 5: Agriculture Marketing: Institutional and Community Reforms; Chapter 6: Farmers income Kit for Farmers; Chapter 7: Infrastructure Investment Fund for Farmers (IIFF) using Foreign Exchange Reserves for Kisans; Chapter 8: Welcome to WTO: Farmers Ready to Meet the Challenge.