Download or read book Trade in Sangam Age written by Durai Ilamurugu and published by . This book was released on 2020-02-15 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tamilnadu had a unique civilization unique in the sense, it was the most most chaotically recorded civlisationin the history of whole India. For a very long time the tiny tail like part of the Indian subcontinent was about of bounds for most of the invaders beyond the Vindhya -Sathpura hill ranges. This hill range cuts the Indian subcontinent into two Uththarapada ( Northern part )and Dakshinapada ( southern part) except for a linear vertical strip of land in the west and east along the coastline.EPI LOGUETo conclude, a few words about the ancient golden periods in general and Tamilagam in particular. .we must remember that we have painted a too rosy and rich picture about the Sangam age. . These are all mainly from the poetry of the Sangam age. Poetry, Sangam or not, by its very nature are sweet images created with the winged words. So, we cannot be certain and everything told is hundred percent true. No, definitely not. The poets however lofty they may be and their ideas may be are men made of blood and flesh and bones. More bones than flesh, may be. And they served in the court of the mighty kings. Except very few poets like Thiruvalluvar most of them were attached to a king or other . So, they cannot be too truthful about the king and his kingdom. The trade, culture poetry are all very well but how many of the common people can be aware of them. Were they educated enough to appreciate the nuances of the Sangam poetry. So far there has been no concrete proof about the education level of common people. But the latest archaeological excavation at Keeladi has produced Tamil-Brahmi letters as part of inscriptions are found engraved on the shoulder portions of the earthen vessels. In general, these letters were inscribed when the pot is in leather condition or were inscribed /engraved after the pot became dry. The letters engraved in leather condition could be made only by the potters at the time of making pots. In the case of Keeladi examples, they were all post-firing in nature and were engraved by the owners after purchasing the pots. The representation of different styles of writing also suggests this view. It clearly suggests that the high literacy level of the contemporary society that survived in 6th century BC.But it needs to be proved beyond any reasonable doubt. There must have been a huge section of population which has suffered silently to produce so much of wealth for the consumption of few. Sangam is definitely not a proto communistic state where everybody owned everything. The same Sangam poetry has poems s of utter poverty and misery for the poets and of course the common people, ONE Sangam poet PIsiranthaiyaar goes in search of food to the south of Tamilnadu but could not find any thing to live upon . in the cold night out in the streets he is reinded of his wife who will be eagerly waiting for him. So he wants to send some message to her through the cranes which are flying from south to north he addresses them as follows ." oh ! cranes, cranes with red color beak and legs, as you fly from south to north if you meet my wife tell her that I am still alive struggling to keep myself warm ( and hence alive ) by covering the body with my limbs. . The intended meaning of the poem is that that poet is in extreme misery and in the cold nights has nothing to cover that will keep him warm . So, my dear wife don't expect me to bring anything for you " such poets were suffering in life to make both ends meet. Inspite of the hoards of Roman gold coins unearthed, and bundles of muslin cloth exported to the pleasure of Rome and Greek, and tons of sandal and pepper to make the plates of west tingle with taste, these poor people go with out a square meal a day and decent cloth cover the shy.
Download or read book Economic History of India written by N. Jayapalan and published by Atlantic Publishers & Dist. This book was released on 2008-04 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For a proper understanding of India s economy as we find today with its fast development, a study of its past economic conditions is necessary. India s economic history spans nearly 5000 years and dates back to Indus Valley Civilisation the two prominent cities of which Mohanjodaro and Harappa were big industrial centres having trade relations with West Asia and other parts of the world. Several sources provide us valuable information about the economic condition of the people of India at various stages of history. From Vedic literature we get a detailed description of the economic life of the Aryans. The Buddhist literature, particularly Jatakas and Tripitaka give us a glimpse of the economic condition of India from 650 to 321 B.C. when every village was a self-sufficient unit. Kautilya s Arthasastra, Magasthenes Indica and Vishakhadatta s Mudrarakshasa give detailed description of the economic systems of the Mauryan period. The accounts of Chinese travellers Fa-hien and It-sing are remarkable evidences of the socio-economic life in Gupta period. Historians like Manucci tell us about the economic reforms undertaken during Mughal rule in India. The British who carved out their empire in India in the 17th century, drained India of its wealth, destroyed the self-sufficient character of villages, increased agricultural indebtedness, and gave rise to a capitalist class in India with the growth of new urban centres. After the achievement of independence in 1947 started the process of nation-building through economic planning. With the liberalisation of Indian economy in the 1990s, the country has been put on a high growth path and is making fast economic progress. The book captures the salient features of India s economic history in chronological order. It will fulfil the needs of students and teachers of this subject and prove immensely useful to the aspirants of Civil Services and other competitive examinations.
Download or read book Transitions History Civics ICSE Class 9 written by Sheila Bhattacharya, Monica Bose and published by Vikas Publishing House. This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transitions 9–10 is our completely revised and updated edition mapped to CISCE Curriculum for History and Civics. A plethora of beautiful photographs, images, timelines, maps and stories have been incorporated to help learners learn in an organised manner. Comprising exciting visuals and new features, the series aims to make the study of the past and present a joyous learning experience for middle school learners. In Focus: encapsulates the area of study in each chapter Timelines: help place historical events in a proper chronological sequence Move Forward: introduces the topic and probes prior knowledge Add On: contains additional information and facts Connecting Bridges: indicates parallel historical developments in other parts of the world Time to Think: poses thought-provoking questions Glossary: enhances the vocabulary of the learners Picture Study: reinforces learning and improves retention Webcharts: gives a short summary of the chapter Web Links: enable further exploration of topics Root of the Word: explains the origin of key concepts in Civics Model Test Papers: two test papers help in assessment Double Spreads: attractive infographics based on specific concepts Comics by Amar Chitra Katha to shed more light on the concepts taught
Download or read book written by and published by Arihant Publications India limited. This book was released on with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The World of the Tamil Merchant written by Kanakalatha Mukund and published by Penguin UK. This book was released on 2015-05-22 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How did the Tamil merchant become India's first link to the outside world? The tale of the Tamil merchant is a fascinating story of the adventure of commerce in the ancient and early medieval periods in India. The early medieval period saw an economic structure dominated by the rise of powerful Tamil empires under the Pallava and Chola dynasties. This book marks the many significant ways in which the Tamil merchants impacted the political and economic development of south India.
Download or read book Trade And Trade Routes In Ancient India written by Moti Chandra and published by Abhinav Publications. This book was released on with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book UGC NET JRF SET History Papers II and III written by Vikas Experts and published by Vikas Publishing House. This book was released on with total page 681 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Test Prep for UGC-NET/JRF/SET History
Download or read book Indian History written by and published by Allied Publishers. This book was released on with total page 1418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book CUET PG History Practice Question Bank Book 3000 Question Answer As Per Updated Syllabus written by and published by DIWAKAR EDUCATION HUB. This book was released on 2024-01-23 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CUET-PG History Question Bank 3000+ Chapter wise question With Explanations As per Updated Syllabus [ cover all 4 Chapters] Highlights of CUET-PG History Question Bank- 3000+ Questions Answer [MCQ] 750 MCQ of Each Chapter [Unit wise] As Per the Updated Syllabus Include Most Expected MCQ as per Paper Pattern/Exam Pattern All Questions Design by Expert Faculties & JRF Holder
Download or read book The Trading World of the Tamil Merchant written by Kanakalatha Mukund and published by Orient Blackswan. This book was released on 1999 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book focuses on the changes in the trading world of the Tamil merchants in the southern Coromandel region, with the arrival of European trading companies and the concomitant creation of European port enclaves and the rapid expansion of demand for Coromandel cotton textiles. The author uses impressive range of original sources literary, inscriptional and archival to cover a long period of history (beginning with the maritime trade in the Sangam period) to argue that the merchants evolved over the centuries into a distinct class of merchant capitalists with a conscious perception of their identity as an economic and social class.
Download or read book S Chand s ICSE History and Civics IX written by Dr Tapati Das Gupta & Sohini Dasgupta and published by S. Chand Publishing. This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: S. Chand's ICSE History & Civics for Classes IX & X strictly adhere to the latest ICSE syllabus. It is divided into three sectionsCivics, Indian History and the Contemporary World.
Download or read book INDIAN HISTORY written by Narayan Changder and published by CHANGDER OUTLINE. This book was released on 2023-01-11 with total page 595 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Embark on an engaging exploration of India's captivating history with "India Through Questions," the ultimate MCQ guide meticulously designed for history enthusiasts, students, and knowledge seekers. Whether you're preparing for exams, aiming to deepen your historical insights, or simply curious about India's past, this comprehensive MCQ resource is your key to unraveling the diverse chapters of Indian history through a question-driven approach. About the Book: Dive into the rich tapestry of Indian history with our MCQ guide, featuring thoughtfully curated questions spanning ancient civilizations, medieval dynasties, the struggle for independence, and modern milestones. "India Through Questions" is your go-to companion, offering a comprehensive exploration of key historical events, figures, and cultural shifts crucial for mastering India's dynamic and storied past. Key Features: MCQ Exploration: Navigate through a diverse array of multiple-choice questions, each designed to test and enhance your knowledge of Indian history. From ancient epochs to modern eras, our guide covers the spectrum of historical events, fostering a deep understanding of India's cultural evolution. Detailed Explanations: Elevate your historical knowledge with detailed explanations accompanying each MCQ. Uncover the intricacies of India's cultural heritage, political shifts, and societal transformations, providing a nuanced understanding of historical events. Cultural Insights: Connect historical events to cultural evolution with practical insights and examples. Our guide bridges the gap between facts and cultural richness, offering a holistic perspective on how history has shaped India's societal fabric. Progressive Difficulty Levels: Progress from foundational to advanced questions, providing a structured learning experience suitable for learners at all levels. Challenge yourself with incrementally complex questions to deepen your historical insights. Visual Learning Tools: Reinforce your historical knowledge with visual aids such as timelines, maps, and depictions of historical figures. These aids provide a visual dimension to the MCQs, facilitating a deeper understanding and retention of key historical concepts. Why Choose Our Guide? MCQ Mastery Guarantee: Immerse yourself in a carefully crafted collection of MCQs that capture the essence of India's historical narrative. Our guide is a valuable resource for mastering Indian history and excelling in exams or personal exploration. Expert Authorship: Crafted by seasoned historians and educators, this guide reflects a deep understanding of India's historical events, cultural evolution, and the nuanced shifts that have shaped the nation. Digital Accessibility: Seamlessly integrate your historical exploration into your digital lifestyle. Our guide is available in digital format, providing the flexibility to study anytime, anywhere. Comprehensive Review: Use our guide for focused revision and comprehensive review. The progressive structure ensures a well-rounded understanding of Indian history concepts, making it an invaluable tool for learners at all levels. Keywords: MCQ History Book, Indian History, Historical Exploration, Ancient Civilizations, Medieval Dynasties, Struggle for Independence, Modern Milestones, Cultural Insights, Detailed Explanations, Progressive Difficulty Levels, Visual Learning Tools. Embark on a journey of historical exploration with "India Through Questions: An MCQ Guide to Explore the Tapestry of Indian History." Download your copy now to gain a deeper appreciation for the diversity and richness of India's past, and let the questions guide you through the fascinating epochs that have shaped the nation. Whether you're a student or a history enthusiast, this guide is your key to mastering Indian history through an engaging and immersive learning experience. 1 Ancient India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2 Mediaval India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 3 Modern India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 4 Correct and incorrect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235 5 Capital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239 6 The first one . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255 7 Harrapan civilization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285 8 Jainism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295 9 Famous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303 10 Buddhism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311 11 Chola . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327 12 Chandragupta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335 13 Muslim League . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339 14 Sangam Age . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343 15 Gupta period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351 16 Rig Vedic period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359 17 Battle and war . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365 18 Society . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373 19 Established . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379 20 Vijaynagar empire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385 21 written . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387 22 Movement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397 23 Leader . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413 24 Indian National Congress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419 25 The Mughal Kings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425 26 Renaissance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437 27 Freedom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439 28 Indus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 443 29 Act . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 449 30 Miscellenous questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 457
Download or read book Basic Facts of General Knowledge written by Sura College of Competition and published by Sura Books. This book was released on 2004-08 with total page 1030 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Indo Roman Pepper Trade and the Muziris Papyrus written by Federico De Romanis and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-04-15 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents a systematic and fresh interpretation of a mid-second-century AD papyrus - the so-called Muziris papyrus - which preserves on its two sides fragments of a unique pair of documents: on one side, a loan agreement to finance a commercial enterprise to South India and, on the other, an assessment of the fiscal value of a South Indian cargo imported on a ship named the Hermapollon. The two texts, whose informative potential has long been underexploited, clarify several aspects of the early Roman Empire's trade with South India, including transport logistics, financial and legal elements in the loan agreement funding the commercial enterprise, the trade goods included in the South Indian cargo, and the technicalities of calculating and collecting Roman customs duties on the Indian imports. This study also considers imperial fiscal policy as it related to the South Indian trade, the overall evolution of Rome's trade relations with South India, the structure and organization of South Indian trade stakeholders, and the role played by private tax-collectors. The in-depth analysis sheds new light on this important sector of the Roman economy during the first two centuries AD in two innovative ways: through a balanced consideration of South Indian sources and data, and by drawing comparisons with the pepper trade from late antiquity, the Middle Ages, and early modernity, resulting in a longue durée perspective on the western trade in South Indian pepper.
Download or read book A Catalogue of the Sangam Age Pandya and Chola Coins in the National Museum Colombo Sri Lanka written by National Museum of Colombo (Sri Lanka) and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Economic History of India written by and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2023-07-30 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The economic history of early India is a rich and diverse area of study, covering agricultural developments, trade, markets, occupation and professional groups, urbanization and the institutions that govern the economy. Recent research has expanded our understanding of the processes of transformation of the economy in different temporal contexts within the Indian sub-continent. They have particularly led us to explore connected histories given the trans-continental trading networks and movements of people from very early times. This volume seeks to draw attention to this vast and unexplored terrain in the economic history of early India, by bringing together essays on a new and rich historiography. Essays in the volume cover neglected regions, economic processes and structures. Scholars have looked at questions of settlements, crops that were cultivated and market orientation. Essays cover material culture and provide insights into how early Indians lived, what kinds of activities they were engaged in, and how they organised their production activities within and outside domestic spaces. Further the volume bring new insights on hierarchy of settlement types, nature of exchange, and the significance of a nodal site in exchange networks. Maritime history as well as the understanding of trade in its varied forms and manifestations are covered in several essays.
Download or read book Perspectives in Indian History written by M. Jankiraman Ph.D. and published by Notion Press. This book was released on 2020-11-03 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perspectives in Indian History deals with the history of India from 10,000 BC until 1857 AD. It delves into the story of the Indus-Saraswati civilization and the development of the Vedas. Such a book has been written for the first time, wherein India’s history has been analyzed from the early Hindu period. Hitherto most history books have emphasized the Muslim period or the British period. These have been written by Muslim historians or European colonists, which was often skewed by their fundamental bias that no civilization could equal their own. During this retelling, the author covers the interesting aspects of each age starting with the Ramayana. He then examines hotly debated issues like whether Alexander the Great won or lost in India. The author carries out an analysis of the causes of the conquest of India by the Muslims. The author analyses detailed battleplans of major battles, which affected India’s history, like Panipat, Plassey, and many others, and discusses the weaponry and tactics used in these wars.
