Download or read book Towards a Complex Model of Interpretation of Recognition written by Isabella Corvino and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2023-04-21 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seeing yourself, or an Other, and then recognizing them are activities of enormous complexity. From these processes we experience belonging, which in a bureaucratic sense this is analogous with citizenship, and in a broader sense, inclusion or exclusion. As long as identity springs from all kinds of social interactions, there exists a chance to create an inclusive community. This book will make clear, through case studies of migrants, that when peoples are perceived as possessing a radical Otherness, there is a high risk of exclusion if not aggression. In a rejection of the prevalent individualistic perspectives, this book pulls all of the scattered puzzle pieces back together. Through the process of clarifying misrecognition and its subsequent dehumanization, it will be possible to think about a shared and fairer society.
Download or read book From Flat to Hierarchical written by Tian Lan and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Visual recognition is a fundamental problem in computer vision. It is significant to many applications such as surveillance, security, entertainment and health care. We have observed tremendous growth in visual recognition over the past decade. However, it remains a challenging problem for computers. One of the main reasons is the clear gap between human descriptions of the visual world and the output of the current visual recognition system. The semantic space humans used to describe the visual world is highly structural - besides naming an object (action), human would additionally describe it in multiple levels of detail, ranging from the fine-grained descriptions (e.g. color, shape) to the higher-level relationships among multiple objects (actions). How to represent and learn the rich structures in the visual data is the focus of this dissertation. We address two fundamental problems in visual recognition: understanding human activities and understanding images. For solving both problems, we start with flat structures and move towards richer hierarchical structures: First, we develop figure-centric models for joint action recognition and localization that capture the spatial-temporal arrangements of an action over video sequences. Then, we propose hierarchical models for recognizing multi-person activities in entire scenes. Multiple levels of detail including actions, social roles and a scene-level event are encoded in a unified learning framework. For understanding images, we follow the same route by first developing flat models to capture the spatial structures in object queries for image retrieval, and then move towards hierarchical models to handle more complex multi-level semantic labelings for object detection. This dissertation contributes to visual recognition by learning structured models, and in particular, hierarchical models for multi-level activity recognition and object detection. The work presented in this dissertation attempts to provide insights into several critical and yet open questions in visual recognition: How to label a visual entity (action, object, scene)? How many levels of detail should we consider? How should a recognition problem be represented? How to model the complex structures? What is the desirable output of a recognition system?
Download or read book Beyond Labels and Captions written by Sathyanarayanan Narasimhan Aakur and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the long-standing problems in artificial intelligence is the development of intelligent agents with complete visual understanding. Understanding entails recognition of scene attributes such as actors, objects and actions as well as reasoning about the common semantic structure that combines these attributes into a coherent description. While significant milestones have been achieved in the field of computer vision, majority of the work has been concentrated on supervised visual recognition where complex visual representations are learned and a few discrete categories or labels are assigned to these representations. This implies a closed world where the underlying assumption is that all environments contain the same objects and events, which are in one-to-one correspondence with the ground evidence in the image. Hence, the learned knowledge is limited to the annotated training set. An open world, on the other hand, does not assume the distribution of semantics and requires generalization beyond the training annotations. Increasingly complex models require massive amounts of training data and offer little to no explainability due to the lack of transparency in the decision-making process. The strength of artificial intelligence systems to offer explanations for their decisions is central to building user confidence and structuring smart human-machine interactions. In this dissertation, we develop an inherently explainable approach for generating rich interpretations of visual scenes. We move towards an open world open-domain visual understanding by decoupling the ideas of recognition and reasoning. We integrate common sense knowledge from large knowledge bases such as ConceptNet and the representation learning capabilities of deep learning approaches in a pattern theory formalism to interpret a complex visual scene. To be specific, we first define and develop the idea of contextualization to model and establish complex semantic relationships among concepts grounded in visual data. The resulting semantic structures, called interpretations allow us to represent the visual scene in an intermediate representation that can then be used as the source of knowledge for various modes of expression such as labels, captions and even question answering. Second, we explore the inherent explainability of such visual interpretations and define key components for extending the notion of explainability to intelligent agents for visual recognition. Finally, we describe a self-supervised model for segmenting untrimmed videos into its constituent events. We show that this approach can segment videos without the need for supervision - neither implicit nor explicit. Combined, we argue that these approaches offer an elegant path to inherently explainable, open domain visual understanding while negating the need for human supervision in the form of labels and/or captions. We show that the proposed approach can advance the state-of-the-art results in complex benchmarks to handle data imbalance, complex semantics, and complex visual scenes without the need for vast amounts of domain-specific training data. Extensive experiments on several publicly available datasets show the efficacy of the proposed approaches. We show that the proposed approaches outperform weakly-supervised and unsupervised baselines by up to 24% and achieves competitive segmentation results compared to fully supervised baselines. The self-supervised approach for video segmentation complements this top-down inference with efficient bottom-up processing, resulting in an elegant formalism for open-domain visual understanding.
Download or read book Towards a Theory of Thinking written by Britt Glatzeder and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-03-20 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is Thinking? – Trying to Define an Equally Fascinating and Elusive Phenomenon Human thinking is probably the most complex phenomenon that evolution has come up with until now. There exists a broad spectrum of definitions, from subs- ing almost all processes of cognition to limiting it to language-based, sometimes even only to formalizable reasoning processes. We work with a “medium sized” definition according to which thinking encompasses all operations by which cog- tive agents link mental content in order to gain new insights or perspectives. Mental content is, thus, a prerequisite for and the substrate on which thinking operations are executed. The largely unconscious acts of perceptual object stabilization, ca- gorization, emotional evaluation – and retrieving all the above from memory inscriptions – are the processes by which mental content is generated, and are, therefore, seen as prerequisites for thinking operations. In terms of a differentia specifica, the notion of “thinking” is seen as narrower than the notion of “cognition” and as wider than the notion of “reasoning”. Thinking is, thus, seen as a subset of cognition processes; and reasoning processes are seen as a subset of thinking. Besides reasoning, the notion of thinking includes also nonexplicit, intuitive, and associative processes of linking mental content. According to this definition, thinking is not dependant on language, i. e. also many animals and certainly all mammals show early forms of thinking.
Download or read book Social Science Research written by Anol Bhattacherjee and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2012-04-01 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is designed to introduce doctoral and graduate students to the process of conducting scientific research in the social sciences, business, education, public health, and related disciplines. It is a one-stop, comprehensive, and compact source for foundational concepts in behavioral research, and can serve as a stand-alone text or as a supplement to research readings in any doctoral seminar or research methods class. This book is currently used as a research text at universities on six continents and will shortly be available in nine different languages.
Download or read book Towards a Cognitive Vision Platform for Semantic Image Interpretation written by Céline Hudelot and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work deals with cognitive vision and in particular semantic image interpretation. One of the main challenges of cognitive vision is to develop a flexible, adaptable system, capable of performing complex image analysis tasks and of extracting information from various scenes and images. The objective of this thesis is to cope with this challenging problem by the design of a reusable and generic cognitive vision platform for the complex problem of semantic image interpretation. We are interested in both the cognitive issues and the software engineering ones involved in the design of such a platform. The proposed cognitive vision platform is a unified environment which proposes generic and reusable tools for the design of semantic image interpretation systems. The semantic image interpretation problem is complex and can be divided into three more tractable sub-problems: (1) the semantic interpretation, (2) the problem of mapping between the high level representations of physical objects and the sensor data extracted from images, (3) the image processing problem. To manage and separate the different sources of knowledge and reasoning, we propose a distributed architecture based on the cooperation of three Knowledge Based Systems (KBS). Each KBS is highly specialized for the corresponding sub-problem of semantic image interpretation. For each sub-problem, we define a dedicated engine and a unified knowledge representation model. The implementation of the cognitive vision platform has been made with the LAMA platform, a software platform for the development of knowledge based systems designed in the ORION team. To validate our cognitive vision platform, we have chosen a real world application: the early diagnosis of plant diseases. In particular, we have focused on the rose leaf diseases in greenhouses. This work has been made in cooperation with INRA (French National Institute for Research in Agronomy).
Download or read book Towards Recognizing New Semantic Concepts in New Visual Domains written by Massimiliano Mancini and published by Sapienza Università Editrice. This book was released on 2022-11-30 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite being the leading paradigm in computer vision, deep neural networks are inherently limited by the visual and semantic information contained in their training set. In this thesis, we aim to design deep models operating with previously unseen visual domains and semantic concepts. We first describe different solutions for generalizing to new visual domains, applying variants of normalization layers to multiple challenging settings e.g. where new domain data is not available but arrives online or is described by metadata. In the second part, we incorporate new semantic concepts into pretrained deep models. We propose specific solutions for different problems such as multi-task/incremental learning and open-world recognition. Finally, we merge the two challenges: given images of multiple domains and categories, can we recognize unseen concepts in unseen domains? We propose an approach that is the first, promising step, towards solving this problem. Winner of the Competition “Prize for PhD Thesis 2020” arranged by Sapienza University Press.
Download or read book Wiley 2021 Interpretation and Application of IFRS Standards written by PKF International Ltd and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-07-06 with total page 1011 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wiley Interpretation and Application of IFRS® Standards The 2021 reference for the interpretation and application of the latest international standards Wiley IFRS® Standards 2021 is a revised and comprehensive resource that includes the information needed to interpret and apply the most recent International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS®) as outlined by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). This accessible resource contains a wide range of practical examples as well as invaluable guidance on the expanding framework for unified financial reporting. The authors provide IFRIC interpretations and directions designed to ensure a clear understanding of the most recent standards. The IFRS® standards are ever evolving, therefore it is essential that professionals and students have the information needed to apply the standards correctly in real-world cases. Wiley IFRS® Standards 2021 offers a complete, up-to-date reference that aids in the application of the latest international standards in a manner that is transparent, accountable and efficient. This edition includes IFRS 9 Financial Instruments; IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers; IFRS 16 Leases and amendments issued and effective for annual periods beginning on or after 01 January 2020 as issued by the IASB by 30 June 2020. This edition also includes some introductory guidance for IFRS 17 Insurance Contracts and incorporates the revised Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting 2018. This guide is written by the people passionate about IFRS® at PKF International. PKF International member firms specialise in providing high quality audit, accounting, tax, and business advisory solutions to international and domestic organisations around the globe. PKF International is a member of the Forum of Firms – an organisation dedicated to consistent and high-quality standards of financial reporting and auditing practices worldwide. www.pkf.com. PKF International Limited administers a family of legally independent firms and does not accept any responsibility or liability for the actions or inactions of any individual member or correspondent firm or firms. All rights reserved.
Download or read book Fusion in Computer Vision written by Bogdan Ionescu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-04-10 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a thorough overview of fusion in computer vision, from an interdisciplinary and multi-application viewpoint, describing successful approaches, evaluated in the context of international benchmarks that model realistic use cases. Features: examines late fusion approaches for concept recognition in images and videos; describes the interpretation of visual content by incorporating models of the human visual system with content understanding methods; investigates the fusion of multi-modal features of different semantic levels, as well as results of semantic concept detections, for example-based event recognition in video; proposes rotation-based ensemble classifiers for high-dimensional data, which encourage both individual accuracy and diversity within the ensemble; reviews application-focused strategies of fusion in video surveillance, biomedical information retrieval, and content detection in movies; discusses the modeling of mechanisms of human interpretation of complex visual content.
Download or read book Understanding Loss written by Judith Murray and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-09-16 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Loss and consequent grief permeates nearly every life changing event, from death to health concerns to dislocation to relationship breakdown to betrayal to natural disaster to faith issues. Yet, while we know about particular events of loss independently, we know very little about a psychology of loss that draws many adversities together. This universal experience of loss as a concept in its own right sheds light on so much of the work we do in the care of others. This book develops a new overarching framework to understand loss and grief, taking into account both pathological and wellbeing approaches to the subject. Drawing on international and cross-disciplinary research, Judith Murray highlights nine common themes of loss, helping us to understand how it is experienced. These themes are then used to develop a practice framework for structuring assessment and intervention systematically. Throughout the book, this generic approach is highlighted through discussing its use in different loss events such as bereavement, trauma, chronic illness and with children or older people. Having been used in areas as diverse as child protection, palliative care and refugee care, the framework can be tailored to a range of needs and levels of care. Caring for people experiencing loss is an integral part of the work of helping professions, whether it is explicitly part of their work such as in counselling, or implicit as in social work, nursing, teaching, medicine and community work. This text is an important guide for anyone working in these areas.
Download or read book International Handbook of Research in Professional and Practice based Learning written by Stephen Billett and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-15 with total page 1378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The International Handbook of Research in Professional and Practice-based Learning discusses what constitutes professionalism, examines the concepts and practices of professional and practice-based learning, including associated research traditions and educational provisions. It also explores professional learning in institutions of higher and vocational education as well the practice settings where professionals work and learn, focusing on both initial and ongoing development and how that learning is assessed. The Handbook features research from expert contributors in education, studies of the professions, and accounts of research methodologies from a range of informing disciplines. It is organized in two parts. The first part sets out conceptions of professionalism at work, how professions, work and learning can be understood, and examines the kinds of institutional practices organized for developing occupational capacities. The second part focuses on procedural issues associated with learning for and through professional practice, and how assessment of professional capacities might progress. The key premise of this Handbook is that during both initial and ongoing professional development, individual learning processes are influenced and shaped through their professional environment and practices. Moreover, in turn, the practice and processes of learning through practice are shaped by their development, all of which are required to be understood through a range of research orientations, methods and findings. This Handbook will appeal to academics working in fields of professional practice, including those who are concerned about developing these capacities in their students. In addition, students and research students will also find this Handbook a key reference resource to the field.
Download or read book Critical Developments and Applications of Swarm Intelligence written by Shi, Yuhui and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2018-02-28 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Artificial intelligence is a constantly advancing field that requires models in order to accurately create functional systems. The use of natural acumen to create artificial intelligence creates a field of research in which the natural and the artificial meet in a new and innovative way. Critical Developments and Applications of Swarm Intelligence is a critical academic publication that examines developing research, technologies, and function regarding natural and artificial acumen specifically, in regards to self-organized systems. Featuring coverage on a broad range of topics such as evolutionary algorithms, optimization techniques, and computational comparison, this book is geared toward academicians, students, researchers, and engineers seeking relevant and current research on the progressive research based on the implementation of swarm intelligence in self-organized systems.
Download or read book Clinical Chaos written by Linda Chamberlain and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-01-28 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Psychology and the social sciences are in need of a new foundation, one that provides a better model for understanding complex behavior. Chaos theory and its newest permutation, complexity theory, offers an innovative, exciting and potentially revolutionary leap forward in the evolution of scientific thought. In Clinical Chaos, therapists and theoreticians from various areas in the social sciences will explore the relevance and implications for non-linear dynamics in observing, explaining, and understanding human behavior. At last, the scientific search can again encompass surprise, transformation, unpredictability, and pattern. This book is intended to introduce social scientists to chaos through paths that are already familiar. By linking chaos theory with existing psychological theories and established areas of clinical pursuit, Clinical Chaos emphasizes the relevance of this new science in providing a more flexible useful model for complexities of life.
Download or read book Handbook of Clinical Child Neuropsychology written by Cecil R. Reynolds and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 1078 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contains chapters such as working in pediatric coma rehabilitation, using the planning, attention, sequential, simultaneous theory of neuropsychological processes, and additions on ADHD.
Download or read book JSL Vol 21 N6 written by JOURNAL OF SCHOOL LEADERSHIP and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2012-03-26 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Journal of School Leadership is broadening the conversation about schools and leadership and is currently accepting manuscripts. We welcome manuscripts based on cutting-edge research from a wide variety of theoretical perspectives and methodological orientations. The editorial team is particularly interested in working with international authors, authors from traditionally marginalized populations, and in work that is relevant to practitioners around the world. Growing numbers of educators and professors look to the six bimonthly issues to: deal with problems directly related to contemporary school leadership practice teach courses on school leadership and policy use as a quality reference in writing articles about school leadership and improvement.
Download or read book International Perspectives on Human Development written by Anna Laura Comunian and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Knowledge Management Organizational Intelligence And Learning And Complexity Volume II written by L. Douglas Kiel and published by EOLSS Publications. This book was released on 2009-08-25 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Knowledge Management, Organizational Intelligence and Learning, and Complexity is the component of Encyclopedia of Technology, Information, and Systems Management Resources in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. The Theme on Knowledge Management, Organizational Intelligence and Learning, and Complexity in the Encyclopedia of Technology, Information, and Systems Management Resources provides the latest scientific insights into the evolution of complexity in both the natural and social realms. Emerging perspectives from the fields of knowledge management, computer-based simulation and the organizational sciences are presented as tools for understanding and supporting this evolving complexity and the earth's life support systems. These three volumes are aimed at the following a wide spectrum of audiences from the merely curious to those seeking in-depth knowledge: University and College students Educators, Professional practitioners, Research personnel and Policy analysts, managers, and decision makers and NGOs.
