Download or read book Toward Accurate Coastal Ocean Prediction written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several major problems, namely, uncertain surface forcing function, unknown open boundary conditions (OBC), and pressure gradient error using the acoordinate, affect the accuracy of coastal ocean prediction. At open lateral boundaries where the numerical grid ends, the fluid motion should be unrestricted. Ideal open boundaries are transparent to motions. The most popular and successful scheme is the adjoint method. The disadvantages that may restrict its use are ocean-model dependency and difficulty in deriving the adjoint equation when the model contains rapid (discontinuous) processes, such as change of ocean mixed layer from entrainment to shallowing regime. Development of a ocean-model independent algorithm for determining the OBC becomes urgent.
Download or read book Opportunities to Improve Marine Forecasting written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1989-02-01 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Commerce and the general publicâ€"especially those living in increasingly crowded, highly developed low-lying coastal communitiesâ€"rely heavily on accurate forecasts of marine conditions and weather over the oceans to ensure the safe and productive use of the sea and coastal zone. This book examines the opportunities to improve our ocean forecasting systems made possible by new observational techniques and high-speed computers. Significant benefits from these potential improvements are possible for transportation, ocean energy and resources development, fisheries and recreation, and coastal management.
Download or read book Developing a Relocatable Coastal Ocean Forecast Model written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The need for accurate prediction of the coastal ocean environment conceivably extends to the entire world's coastline. Since not all regions are of sufficient economic and sociological importance to justify operational modeling on a continuous basis, it is necessary to have available an alternative approach for short term on demand forecasting. Such prediction may be in response to a man made catastrophe or natural disaster. It may also be useful for coastal management in both developing and developed countries. Developing a coastal ocean forecast system is a complex effort that entails data processing as well as numerical modeling. In order to evaluate the coastal hydrodynamic model, which is the kernel of the forecast system, it is necessary to acquire a wide range of oceanographic data in different environments. Comparing model predictions to such field observations will permit the determination of the usefulness of the model tor real time applications. This paper summarizes some of the data processing methods being incorporated into a prototype relocatable forecast system. As an example of the utility of the model, it is compared to observations of temperature from the inner continental shelf of southern California.
Download or read book IUTAM Symposium on Advances in Mathematical Modelling of Atmosphere and Ocean Dynamics written by P.F. Hodnett and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goals ofthe Symposium were to highlight advances in modelling ofatmosphere and ocean dynamics, to provide a forum where atmosphere and ocean scientists could present their latest research results and learn ofprogress and promising ideas in these allied disciplines; to facilitate interaction between theory and applications in atmosphere/ocean dynamics. These goals were seen to be especially important in view ofcurrent efforts to model climate requiring models which include interaction between atmosphere, ocean and land influences. Participants were delighted with the diversity ofthe scientific programme; the opportunity to meet fellow scientists from the other discipline (either atmosphere or ocean) with whom they do not normally interact through their own discipline; the opportunity to meet scientists from many countries other than their own; the opportunity to hear significant presentations (50 minutes) from the keynote speakers on a range ofrelevant topics. Certainly the goal ofcreating a forum for exchange between atmosphere and ocean scientists who need to input to create realistic models for climate prediction was achieved by the Symposium and this goal will hopefully be further advanced by the publication ofthese Proceedings.
Download or read book Coastal Ocean Prediction written by Mooers and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Coastal Ocean Prediction written by Christopher N. K. Mooers and published by American Geophysical Union. This book was released on 1999-01-26 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Coastal and Estuarine Studies, Volume 56. Coastal Ocean Prediction is being published during a period when operational coastal ocean prediction systems are emerging in Europe, Asia, Australia, and North America. Some of these systems are linked to activities of the Global Ocean Observing System, sponsored by the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, World Meteorological Organization, United Nations Environmental Program, and the International Council of Scientific Unions. The Global Ocean Observing System is itself an emergent program of model?]based operational (i.e., continual and governmentally sanctioned) monitoring with coastal ocean, as well as fully global, components.
Download or read book Naval Research Reviews written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Coastal Meteorology written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1992-02-01 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Almost half the U.S. population lives along the coast. In another 20 years this population is expected to more than double in size. The unique weather and climate of the coastal zone, circulating pollutants, altering storms, changing temperature, and moving coastal currents affect air pollution and disaster preparedness, ocean pollution, and safeguarding near-shore ecosystems. Activities in commerce, industry, transportation, freshwater supply, safety, recreation, and national defense also are affected. The research community engaged in studies of coastal meteorology in recent years has made significant advancements in describing and predicting atmospheric properties along coasts. Coastal Meteorology reviews this progress and recommends research that would increase the value and application of what is known today.
Download or read book Ocean Weather Forecasting written by Eric P. Chassignet and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-07-08 with total page 573 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume covers a wide range of topics and summarizes our present knowledge in ocean modeling, ocean observing systems, and data assimilation. The Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment (GODAE) provides a framework for these efforts: a global system of observations, communications, modeling, and assimilation that will deliver regular, comprehensive information on the state of the oceans, engendering wide utility and availability for maximum benefit to the community.
Download or read book The Coastal Ocean Prediction Systems Program Overview and invited papers written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Coastal Ocean Prediction Systems Program Strategic summary written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Coastal Ocean Prediction Systems Program written by H. Frank Eden and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Coastal Ocean Prediction Systems Program written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of COPS is to couple a program of regular observations to numerical models, through techniques of data assimilation, in order to provide a predictive capability for the US coastal ocean including the Great Lakes, estuaries, and the entire Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). The objectives of the program include: determining the predictability of the coastal ocean and the processes that govern the predictability; developing efficient prediction systems for the coastal ocean based on the assimilation of real-time observations into numerical models; and coupling the predictive systems for the physical behavior of the coastal ocean to predictive systems for biological, chemical, and geological processes to achieve an interdisciplinary capability. COPS will provide the basis for effective monitoring and prediction of coastal ocean conditions by optimizing the use of increased scientific understanding, improved observations, advanced computer models, and computer graphics to make the best possible estimates of sea level, currents, temperatures, salinities, and other properties of entire coastal regions.
Download or read book U S GODAE Global Ocean Prediction with the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Collaborative 5-year (FY04-08) National Ocean Partnership Program (NOPP) project to develop a next generation eddy-resolving, fully global ocean prediction system using HYCOM with .08 deg equatorial resolution. This system will be transitioned to NAVOCEANO for operational use in 2007 with assimilation of sea surface height (SSH) from satellite altimeters, sea surface temperature (SST) and temperature (T)/salinity (S) profiles, including profiles from ARGO floats. In addition, 30-day forecasts are planned once a week. The system will include two-way coupling to an ice model and a version with two-way coupling to an atmospheric model for transition to FNMOC. The project will ensure that an accurate and generalized ocean model nesting capability is in place to support regional and littoral applications when global HYCOM becomes operational. This will include the capability to provide boundary conditions to nested models with fixed depth z-level coordinates, terrain following coordinates, generalized coordinates (HYCOM), and unstructured grids. To facilitate this goal HYCOM will be developed into a full-featured coastal ocean model in collaboration with a partnering project. The project will participate in the multinational Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment (GODAE) and international GODAE-related ocean prediction system intercomparison projects.
Download or read book The Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate written by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-04-30 with total page 755 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the leading international body for assessing the science related to climate change. It provides policymakers with regular assessments of the scientific basis of human-induced climate change, its impacts and future risks, and options for adaptation and mitigation. This IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate is the most comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of the observed and projected changes to the ocean and cryosphere and their associated impacts and risks, with a focus on resilience, risk management response options, and adaptation measures, considering both their potential and limitations. It brings together knowledge on physical and biogeochemical changes, the interplay with ecosystem changes, and the implications for human communities. It serves policymakers, decision makers, stakeholders, and all interested parties with unbiased, up-to-date, policy-relevant information. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Download or read book Toward a U S Plan for an Integrated Sustained Ocean Observing System written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Probabilistic Regional Ocean Predictions written by Deepak Narayanan Subramani and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The coastal ocean is a prime example of multiscale nonlinear fluid dynamics. Ocean fields in such regions are complex, with multiple spatial and temporal scales and nonstationary heterogeneous statistics. Due to the limited measurements, there are multiple sources of uncertainties, including the initial conditions, boundary conditions, forcing, parameters, and even the model parameterizations and equations themselves. To reduce uncertainties and allow long-duration measurements, the energy consumption of ocean observing platforms need to be optimized. Predicting the distributions of reachable regions, time-optimal paths, and risk-optimal paths in uncertain, strong and dynamic flows is also essential for their optimal and safe operations. Motivated by the above needs, the objectives of this thesis are to develop and apply the theory, schemes, and computational systems for: (i) Dynamically Orthogonal ocean primitive-equations with a nonlinear free-surface, in order to quantify uncertainties and predict probabilities for four-dimensional (time and 3-d in space) coastal ocean states, respecting their nonlinear governing equations and non-Gaussian statistics; (ii) Stochastic Dynamically Orthogonal level-set optimization to rigorously incorporate realistic ocean flow forecasts and plan energy-optimal paths of autonomous agents in coastal regions; (iii) Probabilistic predictions of reachability, time-optimal paths and risk-optimal paths in uncertain, strong and dynamic flows. For the first objective, we further develop and implement our Dynamically Orthogonal (DO) numerical schemes for idealized and realistic ocean primitive equations with a nonlinear free-surface. The theoretical extensions necessary for the free-surface are completed. DO schemes are researched and DO terms, functions, and operations are implemented, focusing on: state variable choices; DO norms; DO condition for flows with a dynamic free-surface; diagnostic DO equations for pressure, barotropic velocities and density terms; non-polynomial nonlinearities; semi-implicit time-stepping schemes; and re-orthonormalization consistent with leap-frog time marching. We apply the new DO schemes, as well as their theoretical extensions and efficient serial implementation to forecast idealized-to-realistic stochastic coastal ocean dynamics. For the realistic simulations, probabilistic predictions for the Middle Atlantic Bight region, Northwest Atlantic, and northern Indian ocean are showcased. For the second objective, we integrate data-driven ocean modeling with our stochastic DO level-set optimization to compute and study energy-optimal paths, speeds, and headings for ocean vehicles in the Middle Atlantic Bight region. We compute the energy-optimal paths from among exact time-optimal paths. For ocean currents, we utilize a data-assimilative multiscale re-analysis, combining observations with implicit two-way nested multi-resolution primitive-equation simulations of the tidal-to-mesoscale dynamics in the region. We solve the reduced-order stochastic DO level-set partial differential equations (PDEs) to compute the joint probability of minimum arrival-time, vehicle-speed time-series, and total energy utilized. For each arrival time, we then select the vehicle-speed time-series that minimize the total energy utilization from the marginal probability of vehicle-speed and total energy. The corresponding energy-optimal path and headings be obtained through a particle backtracking equation. For the missions considered, we analyze the effects of the regional tidal currents, strong wind events, coastal jets, shelfbreak front, and other local circulations on the energy-optimal paths. For the third objective, we develop and apply stochastic level-set PDEs that govern the stochastic time-optimal reachability fronts and paths for vehicles in uncertain, strong, and dynamic flow fields. To solve these equations efficiently, we again employ their dynamically orthogonal reduced-order projections. We develop the theory and schemes for risk-optimal planning by combining decision theory with our stochastic time-optimal planning equations. The risk-optimal planning proceeds in three steps: (i) obtain predictions of the probability distribution of environmental flows, (ii) obtain predictions of the distribution of exact time-optimal paths for the forecast flow distribution, and (iii) compute and minimize the risk of following these uncertain time-optimal paths. We utilize the new equations to complete stochastic reachability, time-optimal and risk-optimal path planning in varied stochastic quasi-geostrophic flows. The effects of the flow uncertainty on the reachability fronts and time-optimal paths is explained. The risks of following each exact time-optimal path is evaluated and risk-optimal paths are computed for different risk tolerance measures. Key properties of the risk-optimal planning are finally discussed. Theoretically, the present methodologies are PDE-based and compute stochastic ocean fields, and optimal path predictions without heuristics. Computationally, they are several orders of magnitude faster than direct Monte Carlo. Such technologies have several commercial and societal applications. Specifically, the probabilistic ocean predictions can be input to a technical decision aide for a sustainable fisheries co-management program in India, which has the potential to provide environment friendly livelihoods to millions of marginal fishermen. The risk-optimal path planning equations can be employed in real-time for efficient ship routing to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and save operational costs.
