Download or read book Three year Soybean wheat corn Rotation Benefits on Soybean Production Soil Health and Soil Bacterial Community are Site and Year Dependent written by Daowen Huo and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Higher crop rotational diversity can improve crop productivity, soil health and soil microbial diversity. This research hypothesized that three-year (3-yr) rotation of soybean-corn-wheat would have higher soybean productivity, better soil health and more diverse soil bacterial community compared to two-year (2-yr) soybean-corn rotation. A rotation experiment was established in 2013 at two research sites in Ohio. Soybean seedling establishment and biomass, crop yield and soil were collected in 2018 and 2019. Higher seedling stand and biomass, and soybean yield were observed in the 3-yr rotation but the results were not consistent across all site-year combinations. Soil organic matter was higher in the 3-yr rotation at three out of four site-years. Similarly, higher soil carbon, nitrogen and active carbon was detected in the 3-yr rotation at one site-year. The bacterial community at NWARS and WARS also different. However, at each site, the diversity of soil bacteria, sampled at soybean seedling stage, did not differ between the 2-yr and 3-yr rotation. Seven major phyla and nine core bacterial sequence variants were found in samples from all treatments. Nevertheless, compared to the 2-yr rotation, the 3-yr rotation had a unique set of six taxa, absent in the 2-yr rotation samples, and higher abundance of Pseudomonas sequence variants and lower abundance of Ralstonia sequence variants. Most of the 3-yr rotational benefits were detected on site-year combinations where environment and weather conditions were unfavorable to soybean growth, such as poorly drained soil, high precipitation, and fewer growing degree days. Hence, under unfavorable conditions, the 3-yr rotation of soybean-corn-wheat is recommended for soybean and soil benefits.

Download or read book Estimating the Contribution of the Soil Microbial Community to the Crop Rotation Effect written by Marian Lund Bolton and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crop rotation is a common cultural management strategy that has been practiced for thousands of years due to the many documented benefits including, increased yield, decreased disease pressure, and increased soil nutrient retention. While the benefits of crop rotation have been well established, the primary drivers behind these agronomic benefits remain unclear. In this dissertation, the contribution of the bulk soil microbial communities to the corn (Zea mays) - soybean (Glycine max) crop rotation effect was evaluated at the Arlington Agricultural Research Station's long-term rotation research plots in Arlington, Wisconsin. Over the 2016 growing season, the differences community structure and dynamics between bulk soil microbial communities of continuous corn, continuous soybean, annually rotated corn and soybean, and five-year rotated corn and soybean were evaluated in the spring and the fall. Spring bulk soil bacterial community structures differed based on the rotational or monoculture management strategy, however, this trend was not observed with the fall communities. Spring bulk soil bacterial communities of the five-year soy rotation were also more similar to that of a continuous soybean community as years of soybean monoculture increased. This was not true of the five-year corn rotations. There was a positive correlation between increasing dissimilarity from a continuous soybean bacterial community structure and increasing soybean yield of the previous season, however there was no correlation with fall communities and the end of the season soybean yield. Carbon-use community-level physiological profiles of bulk soil communities at midseason and harvest did not differ by rotation scheme, however the average microbial catabolic activity of the annual rotations was greater than that of the monoculture at both timepoints. Additionally, corn plants grown in continuous soybean field soil had greater root dry biomass and leaf surface area compared to those grown in continuous corn soil and this trend was also observed when corn plants were grown in soil containing only 10% of the continuous soybean field soil and 90% double-pasteurized field soil. The combination of these three community evaluation methods provide a multifaceted estimation of the contribution of bulk soil microbial communities to the corn-soybean rotation effect in south central Wisconsin.

Download or read book The Effect of Crop Rotation on Soybean Grain Yield Mycorrhizal Colonization and Biological Nitrogen Fixation written by Donald Sanders and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sanders, Donald W. The University of Manitoba, March, 2017. The effect of preceding crop on soybean (Glycine max) grain yield, mycorrhizal colonization, and biological nitrogen fixation. Major Professor:Yvonne Lawley. Manitoba has seen a twenty-fold increase in soybean acres seeded since 2000, with over 1.6 million acres seeded in 2016. This change presents unique opportunities and challenges to improve crop rotations in Manitoba. This experiment studied the effect of four crop sequences on soybean yield, mycorrhizal colonization, and biological nitrogen fixation. In the first year of this experiment, spring wheat, canola, corn and soybeans were grown at three sites in Manitoba (Carman, Portage la Prairie, and Kelburn). In the second year, soybeans were grown on these same plots as a test crop. This two-year sequence of crops was done twice at each site, in 2012-13 and 2013-14. To determine mycorrhizal colonization, root samples were collected at the V3 stage and then analyzed microscopically for mycorrhizal infection. Nitrogen fixation was estimated using the natural abundance method using soybeans collected at the R5 and R6 stage and canola as a reference crop. Soybean following soybean had significantly higher grain yield than all other crop sequences at one site year, and significantly lower grain yield than all other crop sequences at another site year. There were no other differences in soybean test crop yield between crop sequences. Crop sequence significantly affected mycorrhizal colonization. Soybean following canola had significantly lower mycorrhizal colonization than soybean following soybean or corn. Soybean following spring wheat also had significantly lower mycorrhizal colonization than soybean following soybean or corn. Soil test phosphorus levels also significantly affected mycorrhizal colonization, with increasing soil phosphorus resulting in decreased mycorrhizal colonization. Crop sequence significantly affected biological nitrogen fixation. Soybean following soybean or corn often had significantly greater biological nitrogen fixation than soybean following spring wheat or canola. Soil test nitrate levels affected biological nitrogen fixation, with increasing soil nitrate resulting in decreased biological nitrogen fixation. Soil test nitrate levels were affected by the carbon to nitrogen ratio of the preceding crop, with a higher carbon to nitrogen ratio associated with decreased soil nitrate. These results indicate that although there is often not a yield penalty associated with specific rotations, crop sequence has a strong impact on mycorrhizal colonization and biological nitrogen fixation. The soil organisms associated with those processes affect soil phosphorus uptake and nitrogen fixation. Producers should consider the importance of crop rotation when seeking to maximize productivity through symbiotic processes with mycorrhizae and nodule forming bacteria.

Download or read book Managing Cover Crops Profitably 3rd Ed written by Andy Clark and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2008-07 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cover crops slow erosion, improve soil, smother weeds, enhance nutrient and moisture availability, help control many pests and bring a host of other benefits to your farm. At the same time, they can reduce costs, increase profits and even create new sources of income. You¿ll reap dividends on your cover crop investments for years, since their benefits accumulate over the long term. This book will help you find which ones are right for you. Captures farmer and other research results from the past ten years. The authors verified the info. from the 2nd ed., added new results and updated farmer profiles and research data, and added 2 chap. Includes maps and charts, detailed narratives about individual cover crop species, and chap. about aspects of cover cropping.

Download or read book Adaptation mechanisms of grass and forage plants to stressful environments written by Jing Zhang and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-04-18 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effects of Tillage and Crop Rotation on Soybean and Soil Health written by Brandon Witte Nystrom and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conservation tillage systems and rotations with corn (Zea mays (L.) increases surface residue and make popular choices for erosion control in soybean (Glycine max (L.) production. Tillage and system (rotation) affect levels of residue input which in turn affect the response of the soil and plants. Few studies have looked at the long term (23 years) effects of management practices on soil and soybean physiology. The objectives of this study were to (i) determine the effects of surface residue on soil temperature throughout the growing season, (ii) determine the effect of amount of residue on SOC, and (iii) determine the physiological response of soybean to residue, system and tillage treatments. Rotation and NT increased surface residue and soil organic carbon (SOC) for the top 0-5 cm of soil in both years of data collection. Continuous soybean and tillage increased maximum soil temperatures but did not affect minimum temperatures over the course of the study. The differences in plant height and canopy coverage were limited and not directly related to changes in soil temperatures. Long term decisions in tillage and system have a direct effect on soil response but the physiological response of soybean isn’t fully understood.

Download or read book Strategies to Define and Improve Soil Health in North Central US Soybean written by Lindsay Chamberlain Malone (Ph.D.) and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil is the foundation for human civilization - it is the literal foundation of our homes, the source of raw materials, a filter and storage system for the water we drink, a medium for plant growth, and a habitat for many organisms. Keeping the soils of our planet healthy to carry out these functions is incredibly important. In agriculture, there is a building movement to study and improve soil health across the landscape, of which this research is a small part. This body of research addresses several areas within soil health; how we define and test for healthy soil, practices that may help build healthier soil, and some of the practical challenges of managing for soil health. We specifically focused on annual row crop systems in the North Central US region, and in particular soybean production. First, we focused on a few practical soil health tests that could be adopted by farmers - linking these measurements to both historical management and soybean yield. This study was a community-science project that relied on the help of Wisconsin soybean farmers to sample their fields and relay management information. The results of this study will help direct future research and identified crop rotation as a key area for soil health improvement. Next, we examined some common production practices related to building soil health and their effects on crop yield using long-term crop rotation studies. We looked at the effects of tillage, crop rotation, and foliar fungicide use on corn and soybean yield, and the legacy effect of the latter two of these treatments on soil fungal populations. Microbial communities carry out critical functions in soil, so it is important to understand how human activity shapes their populations. Finally, another long-term rotation study was used to look at the feasibility and yield effects of establishing cover crops, a key soil health practice, in annual row crop systems in Wisconsin. Overall, this work identifies avenues for both measuring and improving soil health in North Central US soybean.

Download or read book A Hitchhiker s Guide to Statistics in Plant Biology written by Stephen R. Bowley and published by Guelph, Ont. : Any Old Subject Books. This book was released on 1999-01-01 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Rotational and Residual Nitrogen Effects on Soybean and Corn written by Kevin G. Silveira and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of Crop Rotation and Irrigation on Soybean and Wheat Doublecropping on Clay Soil written by R. A. Wesley and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-09-21 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Effects of Crop Rotation and Irrigation on Soybean and Wheat Doublecropping on Clay Soil: An Economic Analysis Wesley is an agricultural engineer and Elmore is a plant physiologist, us. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Application and Production Technology Research Unit, po. Box 36, Stoneville, MS 38776. Heatherly is an agronomist, us. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Soybean Production Research Unit, po. Box 343, Stoneville, MS 38776. Spurlock is an agricultural economist, Agricultural Economics Department, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Download or read book Crops Residue Management written by J. L. Hatfield and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-01-18 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent changes in the Conservation Compliance Plans for farmers shows the need for improved information on the effective management of crop residues. Residue management requires an understanding of the crop, soil, and climate in which the farming system is located. In this volume, the strategies for effective residue management are described for each region of the country to provide a comparison of the regional differences. The chapters not only describe the knowledge in each region but also suggest some of the needed areas of research required to develop an improved understanding of the processes involved in effective residue management.

Download or read book Influence of Tillage Crop Rotation and Insecticide Seed Treatment on Soybean Grain Yield and Composition written by Ryan J. Temperly and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effect of Cover Crops Grazing and Tillage Practices on Soil Microbial Community Composition Function and Soil Health in East Central Mississippi Soybean Production System written by Namita Sinha and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrating crop and livestock is being considered to improve soil health by carbon sequestration. A two-year study (2019-2021) at CPBES in Newton, MS was aimed to evaluate soil microbial diversity in the warm, humid regions, specifically southeastern USA. Amplicons targeting bacterial 16S rRNA genes and fungal ITS2 regions were sequenced. Taxonomic assignment and microbial diversity characterization were performed using QIIME2®. Soil fungal diversity showed significant differences (alpha diversity, p = 0.031 in yr. 2020 and beta diversity, p = 0.037 in yr. 2021). Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) and Mantel test showed significant influence on fungal diversity due to carbon (rm = 0.2581, p = 0.022), nitrogen (rm = 0.2921, p = 0.0165) in yr. 2021, and on bacterial diversity due to EE-GRSP (rm = 0.22, p = 0.02) in yr. 2020. Long term study of ICLS can help us better understand the shift in microbiome to improve crop production sustainably.

Download or read book Introducing Green Manures in an Organic Soybean Winter Wheat Corn Rotation written by Katja Koehler-Cole and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In our study, green manures established well, but increased corn yields compared to a control in only one of three years. Cattle manure was the most reliable method to maintain high crop yields. Future research should investigate combinations of cattle and green manure to increase N availability to corn and decrease N leaching losses after corn harvest.

Download or read book Corn and Soybean Cropping Sequence Affects Root Health and Development written by Esther Nickel and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Soil Microbial Community Response to Maize Grown for High Yield in Rotation with Soybeans written by Elizabeth S. Jeske and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cotton Production written by Khawar Jabran and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-09-30 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a comprehensive overview of the role of cotton in the economy and cotton production around the world This book offers a complete look at the world’s largest fiber crop: cotton. It examines its effect on the global economy—its uses and products, harvesting and processing, as well as the major challenges and their solutions, recent trends, and modern technologies involved in worldwide production of cotton. Cotton Production presents recent developments achieved by major cotton producing regions around the world, including China, India, USA, Pakistan, Turkey and Europe, South America, Central Asia, and Australia. In addition to origin and history, it discusses the recent advances in management practices, as well as the agronomic challenges and the solutions in the major cotton producing areas of the world. Keeping a focus on global context, the book provides sufficient details regarding the management of cotton crops. These details are not limited to the choice of cultivar, soil management, fertilizer and water management, pest control, cotton harvesting, and processing. The first book to cover all aspects of cotton production in a global context Details the role of cotton in the economy, the uses and products of cotton, and its harvesting and processing Discusses the current state of cotton management practices and issues within and around the world’s cotton producing areas Provides insight into the ways to improve cotton productivity in order to keep pace with the growing needs of an increasing population Cotton Production is an essential book for students taking courses in agronomy and cropping systems as well as a reference for agricultural advisors, extension specialists, and professionals throughout the industry.