Download or read book Three Essays on Health Insurance written by Jeffrey Michael Hulbert and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Three Essays on Health Insurance and Health Care Consumption written by Fei Liu and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The third essay investigates the switching behavior of non-elderly enrollees in U.S. managed care plans. Treatment effect analysis is used to examine the disaggregated expenditures of plan switchers and plan stayers prior to their decision to switch or stay. Propensity score matching methods are used to estimate the average treatment effects on the treated. The results, which are based on a national representative data set from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, indicate that switchers (from HMO to non-HMO) spend more on hospitalization. The other type of switchers (from non-HMO to HMO) spends less on prescribed medicine and office-based physician visits. The findings suggest that the non-HMO private managed care plans provide better coverage on hospitalization, office-based physician visits and prescribed medicine than the HMO plans.
Download or read book Three Essays on Health Care Spending written by Minkyoung Yoo and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation is composed of three essays that consider the determinants and persistence of health care spending and how policies that control increasing health care costs affect the distribution of health care spending in the U.S. In the first essay, I study the association between education and health care spending for a set of health conditions amenable to self-management. Empirical findings from estimated health expenditure models reveal strong inverse relationships between education and health care spending among elderly adults with hypertension and/or asthma. Additionally, I find that greater educational attainment is associated with a reduced likelihood of being in the top 5% of health care spenders for elderly adults with hypertension and nonelderly adults with diabetes, and also with less severe conditions. The second essay assesses how the distribution of family out-of-pocket health care spending has been affected by changes in recent cost-sharing to understand the effectiveness of the risk protection function of private health insurance against high medical care expenses. The results suggest that families who rely more on health care because of one or more their member's existing health conditions are most affected by changes in cost sharing during the period 2001-2005 and the increased exposure to out-of-pocket spending occurrs primarily for families at higher percentiles of the out-of-pocket spending distribution, thus reducing the "return" to risk protection from holding private health insurance. The final essay examines the dynamics of out-of-pocket health care spending by looking at the persistence of such spending among Medicare beneficiaries. The findings suggest that having a certain chronic condition or a health shock clearly increases the probability of out-of-pocket health care spending persistence. Additionally, having an existing health insurance that supplements Medicare coverage or the acquisition of a new supplementary health insurance has a significant impact on the probability of persistence.
Download or read book Three Essays on Health Insurance Arrangements Among Married Couples written by David M. Zimmer and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Three Essays on the Health Insurance Coverage of Young Adults written by David Michael Yaskewich and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Three Essays on Supplementary Health Insurance written by Mathilde Péron and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis deals with two questions relative to efficiency and fairness in mixed health insurance systems with partial mandatory coverage and voluntary supplementary health insurance (SHI): (i) the inflationary effect of SHI on medical prices; (ii) the fairness of SHI premiums. We set the analysis in the French context and perform empirical analyses on original individual-level data, collected from the administrative claims of a French insurer (MGEN). The sample is made of 99,878 individuals observed from 2010 to 2012. In Chapter 1, we estimate the causal impact of a generous SHI on patients' decisions to consult physicians who balance bill their patients. We find evidence that better coverage contributes to the rise in medical prices. In Chapter 2, we specify individual heterogeneity in moral hazard and consider its possible correlation with coverage choices. We find evidence of selection on moral hazard: individuals who are more likely to ask for coverage exhibit stronger moral hazard. In Chapter 3, results show that when SHI is voluntary, age-based premiums maximize transfers between low and high healthcare users but do not guarantee vertical equity.
Download or read book Three Essays on Health Economics written by Archita Banik and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Three Essays on Public Health Insurance Quality Access and Cost of Health Care written by Tianyan Hu and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Medicaid and Medicare are two major public programs that help vulnerable groups of people to gain coverage of health care services. There are various ongoing debates on the Medicaid- and Medicare-related issues. Among those, some topics draw most of attentions.
Download or read book Three Essays on Wage Inequality and Health Insurance Coverage written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Three Essays on Social Health Insurance in Developing Countries written by Stephen Ofori Abrokwah and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than 2 billion people live in developing countries with health systems constrained by inequitable access and inadequate funding. The World Health Organization estimates that more than 150 million of these people suffer financial breakdown every year having to make unexpected out-of-pocket expenditures for emergency care. To improve health and reduce the financial burden on households, a number of developing countries, including Ghana, Colombia, and Peru, have recently introduced social health insurance programs which are heavily subsidized. The dissertation is a collection of three essays looking at how individual health care choices changed as a result of the availability of insurance coverage in Ghana. The first essay evaluates health care choices and out-of-pocket expenditures after the introduction of social health insurance covering modern health care services. When ill, an individual decides between a set of alternatives; no care, alternative (traditional) medicine, modern care and both alternative and modern care. My results show that when health insurance becomes available, individuals either switch to modern medical care or complement alternative care with modern care. I also find that out-of-pocket expenditures decrease significantly across all the different types of care as a result of health insurance. The second essay studies the effect of health insurance on household fertility decisions and examines whether the effect is due to women likely to become pregnant seeking out insurance or women with insurance changing fertility decisions. To disentangle the effects of adverse selection from moral hazard, I exploit district level variation in the dates of implementation of the national health insurance to instrument for insurance enrollment. My results suggest that both adverse selection and moral hazard effects were present and fertility increased with insurance. The third essay examines the role of social health insurance on prenatal care and expenditure using a two part model. Results show that health insurance increases the propensity of pregnant women to seek prenatal care relative to the uninsured. Insured pregnant women are more likely to seek prenatal care, but conditional on any spending, they spend less out-of-pocket compared to the uninsured.
Download or read book Three Essays on Access and Welfare in Health Care and Health Insurance Markets written by Nathaniel Denison Mark and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We use a model of health plan choice and subsequent utilization to estimate household preferences in both markets and predict premiums and costs under a counterfactual pooled market. We find that integration mitigates adverse selection issues in the individual market, while decreasing government and employer expenditures on premium subsidies. Small group households benefit from lower premiums for low coverage plans in the merged market. However, they face higher premiums for high coverage plans and are constrained to a smaller set of insurance options. Thus, the effects of integration on small group households are heterogeneous.
Download or read book Three Essays in Health Economics written by Christina Ann Robinson and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Keywords: retiree health insurance, obesity, overweight, Food Stamp Program.
Download or read book Three Essays on Health Insurance Regulation and the Labor Market written by James Bailey and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation continues the tradition of identifying the unintended consequences of the US health insurance system. Its main contribution is to estimate the size of the distortions caused by the employer-based system and regulations intended to fix it, while using methods that are more novel and appropriate than those of previous work. Chapter 1 examines the effect of state-level health insurance mandates, which are regulations intended to expand access to health insurance. It finds that these regulations have the unintended consequence of increasing insurance premiums, and that these regulations have been responsible for 9-23% of premium increases since 1996. The main contribution of the chapter is that its results are more general than previous work, since it considers many more years of data, and it studies the employer-based plans that cover most Americans rather than the much less common individual plans. Whereas Chapter 1 estimates the effect of the average mandate on premiums, Chapter 2 focuses on a specific mandate, one that requires insurers to cover prostate cancer screenings. The focus on a single mandate allows a broader and more careful analysis that demonstrates how health policies spill over to affect the labor market. I find that the mandate has a significant negative effect on the labor market outcomes of the very group it was intended to help. The mandate expands the treatments health insurance covers for men over age 50, but by doing so it makes them more expensive to insure and employ. Employers respond to this added expense by lowering wages and hiring fewer men over age 50. According to the theoretical model put forward in the chapter, this suggests the mandate reduces total welfare. Chapter 3 shows that the employer-based health insurance system has deterred entrepreneurship. It takes advantage of the natural experiment provided by the Affordable Care Act's dependent coverage mandate, which de-linked insurance from employment for many 19-25 year olds. Difference-in-difference estimates show that the mandate increased self-employment among the treated group by 13-24%. Instrumental variables estimates show that those who actually received parental health insurance as a result of the mandate were drastically more likely to start their own business. This suggest that concerns over health insurance are a major barrier to entrepreneurship in the United States.
Download or read book Three Essays in Health Economics and Public Policy written by Olga V. Milliken and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Three Essays on Health and Health Care in Society written by Nathaniel Lane Wade and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each of the three essays in this dissertation examine an aspect of health or health care in society. Areas explored within this dissertation include health care as a public value, proscriptive genomic policies, and socio-technical futures of the human lifespan. The first essay explores different forms of health care systems and attempts to understand who believes access to health care is a public value. Using a survey of more than 2,000 U.S. citizens, this study presents statistically significant empirical evidence regarding values and other attributes that predict the probability of individuals within age-based cohorts identifying access to health care as a public value. In the second essay, a menu of policy recommendations for federal regulators is proposed in order to address the lack of uniformity in current state laws concerning genetic information. The policy recommendations consider genetic information as property, privacy protections for re-identifying de-identified genomic information, the establishment of guidelines for law enforcement agencies to access nonforensic databases in criminal investigations, and anti-piracy protections for individuals and their genetic information. The third and final essay explores the socio-technical artifacts of the current health care system for documenting both life and death to understand the potential for altering the future of insurance, the health care delivery system, and individual health outcomes. Through the development of a complex scenario, this essay explores the long-term socio-technical futures of implementing a technology that continuously collects and stores genetic, environmental, and social information from life to death of individual participants.
Download or read book Three Essays in Health Economics written by Daniel Scott Grossman and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Essays on the Economics of Health Insurance written by Robin McKnight and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis brings together three essays on issues in the economics of health insurance. The first study considers the effects of average per-patient caps on Medicare reimbursement for home health care, which took effect in October 1997. I use regional variation in the restrictiveness of per-patient caps to identify the short-run effects of this reimbursement change on home health agency behavior, beneficiary health care utilization, and health status. The empirical evidence suggests that agencies responded to the caps by shifting the composition of their caseload towards healthier beneficiaries. In addition, I find that decreases in home care utilization were associated with an increase in outpatient care, and had little adverse impact on the health status of beneficiaries. In the second paper, I examine the impact of Medicare balance billing restrictions on physician behavior and on beneficiary spending. My findings include a significant decline in out-of-pocket expenditures for medical care by elderly households, but no impact on the quantity of care received or in the duration of office visits. The third paper (written with Jonathan Gruber) explores the causes of the dramatic rise in employee contributions to employer-provided health insurance over the past 20 years. We find that there was a large impact of falling tax rates, rising eligibility for insurance through the Medicaid system and through spouses, and deteriorating economic conditions (in the late 1980s and early 1990s). We also find more modest impacts of increased managed care penetration and rising health care costs. Overall, this set of factors can explain about one-quarter of the rise in employee contributions over the 1982-1996 period.
