Download or read book Three Essays in Health Economics with a Focus on Consumer Behavior written by Dilan Su Alpergin and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work spans the two fields of health economics and health policy and applied microeconomics with a focus on consumer behavior. Each chapter focuses on a separate question and evaluates its consequences and impacts on consumers and society. The questions in this paper identify (1) the optimal health expenditures in society from a theoretical perspective and compare the results with the Medicare reimbursement scheme, (2) the causal impact of the risk perception of COVID-19 on consumption expenditure changes in the U.S., and finally, (3) how a sudden health shock experienced by a family member affects his spouse's healthcare expenditures through the behavioral spillover channel.
Download or read book Essays in Food and Health Economics written by Kara Renee Grant and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation consists of three independent and mostly interrelated studies that focus on consumer behavior in the areas of food and healthcare. In my first paper, my coauthors and I analyze consumers' willingness to pay and preferences for reduced food waste and increased shelf life in relation to refrigerated ready-to-eat meals. We find evidence to suggest that consumers are willing to pay for reduced food waste, but willingness to pay for increased shelf life depends on the group being considered. The groups can be separated into health-conscious and on-the-go shoppers where only the on-the-go shopper is willing to pay a premium for a product with an increased shelf life. My second paper elicits consumers' willingness to pay for a clean label and a novel microwave technology. The results suggest that consumers are willing to pay for a clean label and the magnitude varies by group. There are also groups who are willing to pay a premium for the novel technology, but it is not homogeneous among groups. In my third paper, my coauthor and I present a theoretical model of health care consumption in emergency departments and in outpatient settings as functions of patients' time, market price of health care, and health insurance coverage. Applying our theory to data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), we examine the relationship between health care utilization and health insurance coverage. From the interaction between the price effect and the network effect we find that an insured individual in a rural area has a lower likelihood of a checkup within the last year compared to an insured individual in an urban area.
Download or read book Three Essays in Health Economics written by Xu Wang and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In my third essay, I turn my interest to a different research question, the association between retirement and alcohol consumption. Retirement is life transition whose significance may provoke lifestyle and health behavioral alterations such as alcohol consumption. We examine the effect of retirement on subsequent period alcohol consumption within a two period follow up. We use seven waves of the data from Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and found retirement lead to consume 1.3 more alcoholic drinks per day within men. No effect has been found within retired women.
Download or read book Three Essays on Health Economics written by Mojisola O. A. Tayo and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation consists of three essays examining topics in health economics. The first essay examines the impact of education on 10-year mortality rates of minorities in the United States. I use the states' compulsory education laws to instrument the level of education in my cohort study of the effect of education on the mortality rates of minority groups (Blacks, Asians and Hispanics) born in the early twentieth century. I find that an increase in years of education significantly decreases the mortality rates for the White and Black populations, but not for the Asian and Hispanic populations. The second essay explores the effect of education on adult self-reported health (SRH), health behaviors (smoking, seatbelt use, and exercise), and health outcomes (body mass index (BMI), hypertension, and heart attack) by race and ethnicity using Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) data from 2001-2011. I find racial and ethnic disparities in the education gradient on SRH that remain significant after controlling for income and other economic factors. I explore the pathway through which education influences health using three different econometric methods to estimate a causal effect. I find that education directly affects health behaviors and that health behaviors directly affect health outcomes including SRH, leading to an indirect impact of education on SRH. My third essay is written in collaboration with my adviser, Dr. Virginia Wilcox-Gok. We use the National Comorbidity Survey Baseline (NCS-1) dataset from 1990-1992 and O*NET (Occupational Information Network) to explore whether individuals diagnosed with depression before age 22 self-select as adults into occupations that accommodate their depressive disorders. Depressive disorder is a health problem that can start very early on in life, so it often limits educational attainment and adult earning. It is also a disorder that can be helped if diagnosed early. Because individuals with chronic depression may need more flexibility and less stress in the workplace to cope with their disorder, their adult occupational choice may depend on how accommodating the occupation's characteristics are to this disorder. We find that women with early-onset depressive disorder are more likely to be employed full time than men, while both men and women are likely to choose self-employment. Men with more frequent depressive episodes are less likely than women to choose occupations requiring higher levels of education, experience, and training. In contrast, women with early onset depressive disorder are more likely than men to take jobs in the service sector.
Download or read book Three Essays in Health Economics written by Stephen Ransom Barnes and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Three Essays in Health Economics written by Abraham Abebe Asfaw and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation constitutes three separate essays in health economics. The first essay examines whether Medicare Part D led to changes in the health behaviors that are essential to manage chronic diseases. Using data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, I find that the implementation of Medicare Part D reduces the probability of engaging in physical exercise. The effect on dieting is inconsistent across different specifications and the effect on cigarette smoking is not statistically significant. The negative physical exercise effect of Medicare Part D is more pronounced among patients with low educational attainment. The second essay looks into whether early health shocks persist to cause health inequality across generations. Linking the Ethiopian Socioeconomic Survey with the 1984 Ethiopian Census, I show that in utero and early childhood( age 0-3) exposure to the 1983-85 Ethiopian famine increases the probability of stunting and reduces the height-for-age z-score of the next generation. Estimates that account for the fertility response, infant and fetal culling effects of famine indicate that the baseline estimate represents the lower bound of the total effect of the famine. Linking a village-level interpolated rainfall data to a child-level longitudinal survey--- the Ethiopian Rural Household Survey--the final essay explores whether the child health effects of drought vary across child health distribution. The correlated random effect (CRE) quantile regression for panel data model estimates shows that negative mean deviation from district-level long-term average rainfall reduces the weight-for-height and weight-for-age z-scores of children at the lower end of the anthropometric distributions. Examination of the channel of transmission indicates that the incidence of drought increases the incidence of illness and reduces per-capita consumption expenditure, and the time spent on domestic work among poor households.
Download or read book Light Libation and the Parsing of Health written by Nathan W. Tefft and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Three Essays in Health Economics written by Anna Choi and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation contains three essays in the field of health economics and health policy. The first essay studies the effects of legalizing medical use of marijuana on marijuana use and other risky health behaviors. I examine the restricted-use data from the National Survey of Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), which is a repeated cross sectional data set with state identifiers from 2004 to 2012. During this period, 9 states and Washington D.C. allowed patients with medical conditions to use marijuana. I estimate difference-in-differences (DID) models to examine the impacts of these policy changes on risky health behaviors. Allowing medical use of marijuana does not lead to higher marijuana use among the overall population and the youth. However, I find that medical marijuana laws (MMLs) are positively and significantly associated with marijuana use among males and heavy pain reliever users. The second essay is a joint work with John Cawley and tests a novel hypothesis: that these health disparities across education are to some extent due to differences in reporting error across education. We use data from the pooled National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) Continuous for 1999-2012, which include both self-reports and objective verification for an extensive set of health behaviors and conditions, including smoking, obesity, high blood pressure, high cholesterol and diabetes. We find that better educated individuals report their health behaviors more accurately. This is true for a wide range of behaviors and conditions, even socially stigmatized ones like smoking and obesity. We show that the differential reporting error across education leads to underestimates of the true health disparities across education that average 19.3%. The third essay is a joint work with Rachel Dunifon and studies how state regulations related to the quality of child care centers-such as teachers' education and degree requirements, staff to child ratios, maximum group size, and unannounced inspection compliance requirement-are predictive of children's health, developmental and cognitive outcomes. State level policies that are related to improving the productivity of child care center teachers by having a higher staff to child ratios and advanced schooling requirement are predictive of child's weight related outcomes and cognitive outcomes.
Download or read book Three Essays on Health Economics written by Zhuang Hao and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation consists of three independent papers on health economics. In the first paper, my coauthor and I explore the effects of high school graduation requirements (HSGR) on health behaviors of high school students and finds that an increase in HSGR is a significant deterrent on alcohol consumption among high-school students, particularly minority students. The paper adds to the literature by connecting the stringency of high school graduation requirements with health behaviors of youth for the first time. In the second paper, my coauthor and I examine the spillover effects of recreational marijuana legalization (RML) in Colorado and Washington on marijuana-related arrests in neighboring states. We find that RML causes a sharp increase in marijuana possession arrests in border counties of neighboring states and provide additional evidence that an increase in marijuana use in these states, rather than changes in law enforcement practice, most likely drive this result. I examine the effects of the New Rural Pension Scheme (NRPS) implemented in China in recent years on health outcomes of elderly in the third paper. I find modest evidence suggesting that NRPS increased the treatment probability of chronic diseases among males.
Download or read book Three essays on health economics written by Feng Pan and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Three Essays in Health Economics written by Christina Ann Robinson and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Keywords: retiree health insurance, obesity, overweight, Food Stamp Program.
Download or read book Three Essays in Health Economics written by Emily Christine Lawler and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Three Essays in Health Economics written by Bing Han and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Three Essays on Health Economics written by University of Guelph. Department of Economics Resource and Environmental Economy and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Three essays in applied health economics written by Christian Philipp Schmid and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Three Essays in Health Economics written by Lori L. Timmins and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Three Essays in Health Economics written by Huilin Zhu and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation consists of three essays in health economics. The first chapter, "The Built Environment and Obesity in Philadelphia: The Use of Satellite Imagery and Transfer Learning," investigates the relationship between the built environment and health outcomes, specifically obesity prevalence in Philadelphia. The built environment can affect obesity prevalence through the physical activity environment and the food environment. The main innovation of this paper is to use a pre-trained convolutional neural network (CNN) to extract data representing the features of the built environment from high-resolution satellite imagery. Because of the lack of information on the food environment in satellite images, I combined a proxy variable for food access together with the feature variables to represent the characteristics of the built environment. I then employed the Elastic Net model to test the relationship between the feature variables of the built environment and obesity prevalence in Philadelphia. The results show that the built environment is highly associated with obesity prevalence. This study also provides some evidence that the features of the built environment that have been extracted from satellite imagery can reduce the role of food access in estimating obesity, as well as that adding these features can explain more variance of obesity. The second chapter, "Paid Maternity Leave and Child Health: Evidence from Urban China," uses the China Health and Nutrition Survey data to study whether the extension of paid maternity leave affects children's health outcomes in urban China. This paper uses the time variation of the implementation of a maternity leave policy across different provinces from 1987 to 1991 in China to estimate a two-way fixed-effects model. The results suggest that the expansion of paid maternity leave has no impact on children's health in urban China. The last chapter, titled "The Association between Paid Maternity Leave and Mothers' Health and Labor Outcomes in Urban China," studies whether the extension of paid maternity leave in 1987-1991 would affect the labor and health outcomes of mothers in urban China by using the China Health and Nutrition Survey data. Based on the variation in the implementation time of a paid maternity leave policy across different provinces, this paper employs a two-way fixed-effects model to estimate the policy impact on mothers' health and labor outcomes in China. The findings indicate that extending the duration of paid maternity leave is associated with an increased likelihood of mothers remaining employed after childbirth. However, the study also reveals a negative relationship between the extension of paid maternity leave and mothers' wage rates.
