Download or read book Three Dimensional Near Infrared Imaging of Pathophysiological Changes Within the Breast written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Near Infrared optical imaging is a non-invasive and non-ionizing medical imaging technique that can image functional properties of biological tissue using Near Infrared (NIR) light. Due to the dominance of scattering of light in tissue, modeling of light propagation in tissue requires advanced computational methods. This project was aimed to develop novel computational methods that will lead to use of optical imaging in a routine clinical setting. As a part of this work, an optimization of computational parameters for the existing methods was performed. A novel algorithm which includes noise characteristics of the instruments was also developed to get an optimal estimate of breast tissue optical properties. New methods for effectively using Magnetic resonance image information in NIR image reconstruction procedure were also developed to improve the total outcome of NIR functional images of breast. Optical image reconstruction methods that improve the computational efficiency by a factor of 10 for three-dimensional optical imaging were also developed.
Download or read book Three Dimensional Reconstruction Algorithm for Imaging Pathophysiological Signal Within Breast Tissue Using Near Infrared Light written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optical tomography is a non-invasive imaging technique that can image properties of biological tissue. Measurements of light propagation through tissue can be used to calculate and reconstruct images of internal optical properties. Since the absorption and scattering of light in the tissue is a function its physiological state, the aim is to calculate maps of physiological parameters, which can be early markers of tumor development. Specifically the aim is to image total hemoglobin, oxygen saturation, water and lipid concentrations, as well as potentionally molecular concentrations when used with fluorescent markers. Cancerous regions within the breast have shown to be physiologically different from normal tissue. These include a higher amount of angiogenesis and higher metabolic rate as compared to normal tissue. These differences will result in a change in optical attenuation and scatter of light due to hemoglobin changes, which will cause a change in the measured tomographic boundary data. Light transport modeling of propagation in tissue can be used to calculate maps of optical changes within the breast, and therefore physiological maps of total hemoglobin and oxygen saturation.
Download or read book Three Dimensional Reconstruction Algorithm for Imaging Pathophysiological Signals Within Breast Tissue Using Near Infrared Light written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optical tomography is a non-invasive imaging technique that can image properties of biological tissue using Near Infrared light. Under this program, this technique has been used to characterize breast tissue in healthy volunteers as well as detecting tumor in patients. Image reconstruction models and algorithms have been developed, under this program, which incorporates inherent wavelength dependant a-priori information (spectral) as well as concurrently measured MRI structural information (spatial) to show that the quantitative and qualitative accuracy can be dramatically improved. Three dimensional models have been developed that will allow the use of correct size and shape of the breast being imaged showing that image artifacts can be eliminated by the correct assumptions about the model of the breast. Novel models have also been developed that will account for otherwise ignored Refractive Index (RI) distribution of breast tissue, and the results indicate that providing the RI distribution of breast tissue is not extremely heterogeneous, the impact on reconstructed artifacts is minimal.
Download or read book Mammography and Beyond written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-07-23 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each year more than 180,000 new cases of breast cancer are diagnosed in women in the U.S. If cancer is detected when small and local, treatment options are less dangerous, intrusive, and costly-and more likely to lead to a cure. Yet those simple facts belie the complexity of developing and disseminating acceptable techniques for breast cancer diagnosis. Even the most exciting new technologies remain clouded with uncertainty. Mammography and Beyond provides a comprehensive and up-to-date perspective on the state of breast cancer screening and diagnosis and recommends steps for developing the most reliable breast cancer detection methods possible. This book reviews the dramatic expansion of breast cancer awareness and screening, examining the capabilities and limitations of current and emerging technologies for breast cancer detection and their effectiveness at actually reducing deaths. The committee discusses issues including national policy toward breast cancer detection, roles of public and private agencies, problems in determining the success of a technique, availability of detection methods to specific populations of women, women's experience during the detection process, cost-benefit analyses, and more. Examining current practices and specifying research and other needs, Mammography and Beyond will be an indispensable resource to policy makers, public health officials, medical practitioners, researchers, women's health advocates, and concerned women and their families.
Download or read book Developing Technologies for Early Detection of Breast Cancer written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-07-06 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In November 1999, the Institute of Medicine, in consultation with the Commission on Life Sciences, the Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and Applications, and the Board on Science, Technology and Economic Policy launched a one year study on technologies for early detection of breast cancer. The committee was asked to examine technologies under development for early breast cancer detection, and to scrutinize the process of medical technology development, adoption, and dissemination. The committee is gathering information on these topics for its report in a number of ways, including two public workshops that bring in outside expertise. The first workshop on "Developing Technologies for Early Breast Cancer Detection" was held in Washington DC in February 2000. The content of the presentations at the workshop is summarized here. A second workshop, which will focus on the process of technology development and adoption, will be held in Washington, DC on June 19-20. A formal report on these topics, including conclusions and recommendations, will be prepared by the committee upon completion of the one-year study.
Download or read book Optical Tomography and Spectroscopy of Tissue VII written by Britton Chance and published by SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering. This book was released on 2007 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Theory/Algorithm/Modeling; Instrumentation and Technology I; Fluorescence Imaging/Spectroscopy (algorithm/model/tomography); Fluorescence Imaging/Image Reconstruction (Experimental); Instrumentation and Technology II; Fluorescence Imaging Technology I; Fluorescence Imaging Technology II; Fluorescence Imaging Technology III; Network for Translational Research in Optical Imaging: Breast Cancer Diffuse Optical Imaging; Breast II - Instrumentation & New Analysis Method; Breast III - Clinical Study; Pre-Clinical/Animal; Instrumentation and Technology III; Clinical/Human Subject Studies.
Download or read book Handbook of Biomedical Optics written by David A. Boas and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 816 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomedical optics holds tremendous promise to deliver effective, safe, non- or minimally invasive diagnostics and targeted, customizable therapeutics. Handbook of Biomedical Optics provides an in-depth treatment of the field, including coverage of applications for biomedical research, diagnosis, and therapy. It introduces the theory and fundamental
Download or read book Biomedical Optics written by Lihong V. Wang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-09-26 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This entry-level textbook, covering the area of tissue optics, is based on the lecture notes for a graduate course (Bio-optical Imaging) that has been taught six times by the authors at Texas A&M University. After the fundamentals of photon transport in biological tissues are established, various optical imaging techniques for biological tissues are covered. The imaging modalities include ballistic imaging, quasi-ballistic imaging (optical coherence tomography), diffusion imaging, and ultrasound-aided hybrid imaging. The basic physics and engineering of each imaging technique are emphasized. A solutions manual is available for instructors; to obtain a copy please email the editorial department at [email protected].
Download or read book Photoacoustic Imaging and Spectroscopy written by Lihong V. Wang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-19 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photoacoustics promises to revolutionize medical imaging and may well make as dramatic a contribution to modern medicine as the discovery of the x-ray itself once did. Combining electromagnetic and ultrasonic waves synergistically, photoacoustics can provide deep speckle-free imaging with high electromagnetic contrast at high ultrasonic resolution and without any health risk. While photoacoustic imaging is probably the fastest growing biomedical imaging technology, this book is the first comprehensive volume in this emerging field covering both the physics and the remarkable noninvasive applications that are changing diagnostic medicine. Bringing together the leading pioneers in this field to write about their own work, Photoacoustic Imaging and Spectroscopy is the first to provide a full account of the latest research and developing applications in the area of biomedical photoacoustics. Photoacoustics can provide functional sensing of physiological parameters such as the oxygen saturation of hemoglobin. It can also provide high-contrast functional imaging of angiogenesis and hypermetabolism in tumors in vivo. Discussing these remarkable noninvasive applications and so much more, this reference is essential reading for all researchers in medical imaging and those clinicians working at the cutting-edge of modern biotechnology to develop diagnostic techniques that can save many lives and just as importantly do no harm.
Download or read book Comprehensive Biomedical Physics written by and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2014-07-25 with total page 4052 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive Biomedical Physics, Ten Volume Set is a new reference work that provides the first point of entry to the literature for all scientists interested in biomedical physics. It is of particularly use for graduate and postgraduate students in the areas of medical biophysics. This Work is indispensable to all serious readers in this interdisciplinary area where physics is applied in medicine and biology. Written by leading scientists who have evaluated and summarized the most important methods, principles, technologies and data within the field, Comprehensive Biomedical Physics is a vital addition to the reference libraries of those working within the areas of medical imaging, radiation sources, detectors, biology, safety and therapy, physiology, and pharmacology as well as in the treatment of different clinical conditions and bioinformatics. This Work will be valuable to students working in all aspect of medical biophysics, including medical imaging and biomedical radiation science and therapy, physiology, pharmacology and treatment of clinical conditions and bioinformatics. The most comprehensive work on biomedical physics ever published Covers one of the fastest growing areas in the physical sciences, including interdisciplinary areas ranging from advanced nuclear physics and quantum mechanics through mathematics to molecular biology and medicine Contains 1800 illustrations, all in full color
Download or read book Alternative Breast Imaging written by Keith D. Paulsen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-11 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Medical imaging has been transformed over the past 30 years by the advent of computerized tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and various advances in x-ray and ultrasonic techniques. An enabling force behind this progress has been the (so far) exponentially increasing power of computers, which has made it practical to explore fundamentally new approaches. In particular, what our group terms "model-based" modalities-which produce tissue property images from data using nonlinear, iterative numerical modeling techniques-have become increasingly feasible. Alternative Breast Imaging: Four Model-Based Approaches explores our research on four such modalities, particularly with regard to imaging of the breast: (1) MR elastography (MRE), (2) electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), (3) microwave imaging spectroscopy (MIS), and (4) near infrared spectroscopic imaging (NIS). Chapter 1 introduces the present state of breast imaging and discusses how our alternative modalities can contribute to the field. Chapter 2 looks at the computational common ground shared by all four modalities. Chapters 2 through 10 are devoted to the four modalities, with each modality being discussed first in a theory chapter and then in an implementation-and-results chapter. The eleventh and final chapter discusses statistical methods for image analysis in the context of these four alternative imaging modalities. Imaging for the detection of breast cancer is a particularly interesting and relevant application of the four imaging modalities discussed in this book. Breast cancer is an extremely common health problem for women; the National Cancer Institute estimates that one in eight US women will develop breast cancer at least once in her lifetime. Yet the efficacy of the standard (and notoriously uncomfortable) early-detection test, the x-ray mammogram, has been disputed of late, especially for younger women. Conditions are thus ripe for the development of affordable techniques that replace or complement mammography. The breast is both anatomically accessible and small enough that the computing power required to model it, is affordable.
Download or read book Raman Infrared and Near Infrared Chemical Imaging written by Slobodan Sasic and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-09-14 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An all-inclusive guide on the analytical methods of Raman, infrared, and near-infrared chemical imaging An underutilized technology, chemical imaging through Raman, infrared (IR), and near-infrared (NIR) is beginning to gain recognition for its non-destructive method of permitting visualization of spatially resolved chemical information. This type of analysis is triggering a groundswell of demand as manufactured materials become more complex and the need for greater scrutiny and less damaging research practices is at a premium. Concentrating on the applications of chemical imaging, this book presents a thorough background on the theory, software, and hardware employed in this analytical technique. With full examination of this rapidly growing field, this book: Combines many different aspects and applications into one comprehensive volume Discusses how chemical imaging techniques have expanded greatly in terms of instruments and applications, but have lagged in general awareness among scientists and industries that would benefit the most from them Describes chemical imaging uses in key areas—biomedical, pharmaceutical, food, and polymer research Has chapters that outline hardware and instrumentation for the different methods of chemical imaging Encapsulating analytic methods without complicating the subject matter, this book shows where chemical imaging has been successfully applied, inspiring researchers to cultivate the exciting capabilities rooted within this powerful and multifaceted technology.
Download or read book Mathematics and Physics of Emerging Biomedical Imaging written by Committee on the Mathematics and Physics of Emerging Dynamic Biomedical Imaging and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1996-03-13 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This cross-disciplinary book documents the key research challenges in the mathematical sciences and physics that could enable the economical development of novel biomedical imaging devices. It is hoped that the infusion of new insights from mathematical scientists and physicists will accelerate progress in imaging. Incorporating input from dozens of biomedical researchers who described what they perceived as key open problems of imaging that are amenable to attack by mathematical scientists and physicists, this book introduces the frontiers of biomedical imaging, especially the imaging of dynamic physiological functions, to the educated nonspecialist. Ten imaging modalities are covered, from the well-established (e.g., CAT scanning, MRI) to the more speculative (e.g., electrical and magnetic source imaging). For each modality, mathematics and physics research challenges are identified and a short list of suggested reading offered. Two additional chapters offer visions of the next generation of surgical and interventional techniques and of image processing. A final chapter provides an overview of mathematical issues that cut across the various modalities.
Download or read book Biomedical Imaging written by Reiner Salzer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-05-22 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents and describes imaging technologies that can be used to study chemical processes and structural interactions in dynamic systems, principally in biomedical systems. The imaging technologies, largely biomedical imaging technologies such as MRT, Fluorescence mapping, raman mapping, nanoESCA, and CARS microscopy, have been selected according to their application range and to the chemical information content of their data. These technologies allow for the analysis and evaluation of delicate biological samples, which must not be disturbed during the profess. Ultimately, this may mean fewer animal lab tests and clinical trials.
Download or read book PET Imaging of Lymphoma An Issue of PET Clinics written by Rebecca Elstrom and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2012-01-28 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This issue provides a complete update on PET imaging of lymphoma, starting with a clinical assessment of lymphoma and the role of medical imaging. The role of structural imaging in lymphoma is then discussed. From a Nuclear Medicine perspective, FDG-PET in lymphoma is reviewed, as is the role of FDG-PET in pediatric lymphoma. Next, the role of non-FDG tracers in lymphoma is reviewed. Other articles cover the role of fMRI and optical imaging in lymphoma, the role of diffusion-weighted MRI in lymphoma, FDG-PET in personalization of therapy in patients with lymphoma, and PET and radiation oncology in lymphoma.
Download or read book International Neurolaw written by Tade Matthias Spranger and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-03 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whereas the past few years have repeatedly been referred to as the “era of biotechnology”, most recently the impression has emerged that at least the same degree of attention is being paid to the latest developments in the field of neurosciences. It has now become nearly impossible to maintain an overview of the number of research projects dealing with the functionality of the brain – for example concerning its organizational structure – or projects dealing with the topics of legal responsibility, brain-computer interface applications, neuromarketing, lie detection or mind reading. These procedures are connected to a number of legal questions concerning the framework conditions of research projects as well as the right approach to the findings generated. Given the primary importance of the topic for the latest developments, it is essential to compare the different legal systems and strategies that they offer for dealing with these legal implications. Therefore, the book International Neurolaw – A Comparative Analysis contains several country reports from around the world, as well as those of international organizations such as UNESCO, in order to show the different legal approaches to the topic and possible interactions.
Download or read book Emerging Imaging Technologies in Medicine written by Mark A. Anastasio and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the discovery of x-rays in 1895 through the emergence of computed tomography (CT) in the 1970s and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the 1980s, non-invasive imaging has revolutionized the practice of medicine. While these technologies have thoroughly penetrated clinical practice, scientists continue to develop novel approaches that promise to push imaging into entirely new clinical realms, while addressing the issues of dose, sensitivity, or specificity that limit existing imaging approaches. Emerging Imaging Technologies in Medicine surveys a number of emerging technologies that have the promise to find routine clinical use in the near- (less than five years), mid- (five to ten years) and long-term (more than ten years) time frames. Each chapter provides a detailed discussion of the associated physics and technology, and addresses improvements in terms of dose, sensitivity, and specificity, which are limitations of current imaging approaches. In particular, the book focuses on modalities with clinical potential rather than those likely to have an impact mainly in preclinical animal imaging. The last ten years have been a period of fervent creativity and progress in imaging technology, with improvements in computational power, nanofabrication, and laser and detector technology leading to major new developments in phase-contrast imaging, photoacoustic imaging, and optical imaging.
