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Book Three Dimensional Model of the Geologic Framework for the Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System Idaho Oregon and Washington

Download or read book Three Dimensional Model of the Geologic Framework for the Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System Idaho Oregon and Washington written by U.S. Department of the Interior and published by Createspace Independent Pub. This book was released on 2014-10-09 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As part of a U.S. Geological Survey Groundwater Resources Program study, a three-dimensional geologic model was constructed for approximately 53,000 square miles of the Columbia Plateau in Idaho, Oregon, and Washington. This model was conducted to define the general aquifer system geometry for use in a regional numerical groundwater flow model.

Book Three dimensional Model of the Geologic Framework for the Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System Idaho Oregon and Washington

Download or read book Three dimensional Model of the Geologic Framework for the Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System Idaho Oregon and Washington written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As part of a U.S. Geological Survey Groundwater Resources Program study, a three-dimensional geologic model was constructed for approximately 53,000 square miles of the Columbia Plateau in Idaho, Oregon, and Washington. This model was constructed to define the general aquifer system geometry for use in a regional numerical groundwater flow model. Simplifications and assumptions consistent with this ultimate goal and with the uncertainty in the available data were made. The model units consist of Miocene-age Columbia River Basalt Group strata and younger sedimentary overburden covering approximately 44,000 square miles. Data were compiled from numerous databases and detailed studies that were completed during the past three decades. These data include stratigraphic interpretations of more than 13,000 wells and a contiguous compilation of surficial geology and structural features in the study area. These data were simplified and used to construct piecewise-smooth trend surfaces that represent upper and lower subsurface model unit boundaries in this complex folded and faulted terrain. The smoothness of the surfaces implicitly represents uncertainty in prediction of each surface resulting from data gaps, errors in borehole interpretations, errors in mapped contact locations, and uncertainty in the shape of the paleosurface upon which flood basalts were emplaced. Surfaces were recombined using a rule-based algorithm to construct a fully three-dimensional model with a 500-foot grid resolution that is consistent with the data and for which error estimates may be made. The modeling process yielded improved estimates of unit volumes, refinement of location of large structural features, and identification of features that may be important for ongoing groundwater studies.

Book Plan of Study for the Regional Aquifer system Analysis Columbia Plateau Washington Northern Oregon and Northwestern Idaho

Download or read book Plan of Study for the Regional Aquifer system Analysis Columbia Plateau Washington Northern Oregon and Northwestern Idaho written by J. J. Vaccaro and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Hydrogeologic Framework and Hydrologic Budget Components of the Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System Washington Oregon and Idaho

Download or read book Hydrogeologic Framework and Hydrologic Budget Components of the Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System Washington Oregon and Idaho written by S. C. Kahle and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-07-10 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System (CPRAS) covers an area of about 44,000 square miles in a structural and topographic basin within the drainage of the Columbia River in Washington, Oregon, and Idaho. The primary aquifers are basalts of the Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG) and overlying sediment. Eighty percent of the groundwater use in the study area is for irrigation, in support of a $6 billion per year agricultural economy. Water-resources issues in the Columbia Plateau include competing agricultural, domestic, and environmental demands. Groundwater levels were measured in 470 wells in 1984 and 2009; water levels declined in 83 percent of the wells, and declines greater than 25 feet were measured in 29 percent of the wells.

Book Hydrogeologic Framework and Hydrologic Budget Components of the Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System Washington Oregon and Idaho

Download or read book Hydrogeologic Framework and Hydrologic Budget Components of the Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System Washington Oregon and Idaho written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System (CPRAS) covers an area of about 44,000 square miles in a structural and topographic basin within the drainage of the Columbia River in Washington, Oregon, and Idaho. The primary aquifers are basalts of the Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG) and overlying sediment. Eighty percent of the groundwater use in the study area is for irrigation, in support of a $6 billion per year agricultural economy. Water-resources issues in the Columbia Plateau include competing agricultural, domestic, and environmental demands. Groundwater levels were measured in 470 wells in 1984 and 2009; water levels declined in 83 percent of the wells, and declines greater than 25 feet were measured in 29 percent of the wells. Conceptually, the system is a series of productive basalt aquifers consisting of permeable interflow zones separated by less permeable flow interiors; in places, sedimentary aquifers overly the basalts. The aquifer system of the CPRAS includes seven hydrogeologic units--the overburden aquifer, three aquifer units in the permeable basalt rock, two confining units, and a basement confining unit. The overburden aquifer includes alluvial and colluvial valley-fill deposits; the three basalt units are the Saddle Mountains, Wanapum, and Grande Ronde Basalts and their intercalated sediments. The confining units are equivalent to the Saddle Mountains-Wanapum and Wanapum-Grande Ronde interbeds, referred to in this study as the Mabton and Vantage Interbeds, respectively. The basement confining unit, referred to as Older Bedrock, consists of pre-CRBG rocks that generally have much lower permeabilities than the basalts and are considered the base of the regional flow system. Based on specific-capacity data, median horizontal hydraulic conductivity (Kh) values for the overburden, basalt units, and bedrock are 161, 70, and 6 feet per day, respectively. Analysis of oxygen isotopes in water and carbon isotopes in dissolved inorganic carbon from groundwater samples indicates that groundwater in the CPRAS ranges in age from modern (50 years) to Pleistocene (10,000 years). The oldest groundwater resides in deep, downgradient locations indicating that groundwater movement and replenishment in parts of this regional aquifer system have operated on long timescales under past natural conditions, which is consistent with the length and depth of long flow paths in the system. The mean annual recharge from infiltration of precipitation for the 23-year period 1985-2007 was estimated to be 4.6 inches per year (14,980 cubic feet per second) using a polynomial regression equation based on annual precipitation and the results of recharge modeling done in the 1980s. A regional-scale hydrologic budget was developed using a monthly SOil WATer (SOWAT) Balance model to estimate irrigation-water demand, groundwater flux (recharge or discharge), direct runoff, and soil moisture within irrigated areas. Mean monthly irrigation throughout the study area peaks in July at 1.6 million acre-feet (MAF), of which 0.45 and 1.15 MAF are from groundwater and surface-water sources, respectively. Annual irrigation water use in the study area averaged 5.3 MAF during the period 1985-2007, with 1.4 MAF (or 26 percent) supplied from groundwater and 3.9 MAF supplied from surface water. Mean annual recharge from irrigation return flow in the study area was 4.2 MAF (1985-2007) with 2.1 MAF (50 percent) occurring within the predominately surface-water irrigated regions of the study area. Annual groundwater-use estimates were made for public supply, self-supplied domestic, industrial, and other uses for the period 1984 through 2009. Public supply groundwater use within the study area increased from 200,600 acre-feet per year (acre-ft/yr) in 1984 to 269,100 acre-ft/yr in 2009. Domestic self-supplied groundwater use increased from 54,580 acre-ft/yr in 1984 to 71,160 acre-ft/yr in 2009. Industrial groundwater use decreased from 53,390 acre-ft/yr in 1984 to 43,930 acre-ft/yr in 2009.

Book Modifications to the Modular Three dimensional Finite difference Ground water Flow Model Used for the Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer system Analysis Washington Oregon and Idaho

Download or read book Modifications to the Modular Three dimensional Finite difference Ground water Flow Model Used for the Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer system Analysis Washington Oregon and Idaho written by Arnold J. Hansen and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Scientific Investigations Report

Download or read book Scientific Investigations Report written by Sharon E. Kroening and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Water quality Characteristics of the Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System in Parts of Washington Oregon and Idaho

Download or read book Water quality Characteristics of the Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System in Parts of Washington Oregon and Idaho written by W. C. Steinkampf and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Application of a Geographic Information System for Regridding a Ground water Flow Model of the Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System Walla Walla River Basin Oregon Washington

Download or read book Application of a Geographic Information System for Regridding a Ground water Flow Model of the Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System Walla Walla River Basin Oregon Washington written by Michael E. Darling and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Flow in the Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System Idaho Oregon and Washington

Download or read book Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Flow in the Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System Idaho Oregon and Washington written by David Matthew Ely and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A three-dimensional numerical model of groundwater flow was constructed for the Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System (CPRAS), Idaho, Oregon, and Washington, to evaluate and test the conceptual model of the system and to evaluate groundwater availability. The model described in this report can be used as a tool by water-resource managers and other stakeholders to quantitatively evaluate proposed alternative management strategies and assess the long-term availability of groundwater. The numerical simulation of groundwater flow in the CPRAS was completed with support from the Groundwater Resources Program of the U.S. Geological Survey Office of Groundwater. The model was constructed using the U.S. Geological Survey modular three-dimensional finite-difference groundwater-flow model, MODFLOW-NWT. The model uses 3-kilometer (9,842.5 feet) grid cells that subdivide the model domain by 126 rows and 131 columns. Vertically, the model domain was subdivided into six geologic model units. From youngest to oldest, the units are the Overburden, the Saddle Mountains Basalt, the Mabton Interbed, the Wanapum Basalt, the Vantage Interbed, and the Grande Ronde Basalt. Natural recharge was estimated using gridded historical estimates of annual precipitation for the period 1895-2007. Pre-development recharge was estimated to be the average natural recharge for this period. Irrigation recharge and irrigation pumping were estimated using a remote-sensing based soil-water balance model for the period 1985-2007. Pre-1985 irrigation recharge and pumping were estimated using previously published compilation maps and the history of large-scale irrigation projects. Pumping estimates for municipal, industrial, rural, residential, and all other uses were estimated using reported values and census data. Pumping was assumed to be negligible prior to 1920. Two models were constructed to simulate groundwater flow in the CPRAS: a steady-state predevelopment model representing conditions before large-scale pumping and irrigation altered the system, and a transient model representing the period 1900-2007. Automated parameter-estimation techniques (steady-state predevelopment model) and traditional trial-and-error (transient model) methods were used for calibration. To calibrate the steady-state and transient models, 10,525 and 46,460 water level measurements, respectively, and 50 base-flow estimates were used. The steady-state model simulated the shape, slope, and trends of a potentiometric surface that was generally consistent with mapped water levels. For the transient model, the mean and median difference between simulated and measured hydraulic heads is -10 and 4 ft, respectively, with a standard deviation of 164 ft over a 5,648 ft range of measured heads. The residuals for the simulation period show that 52 percent of the simulated heads exceeded measured heads with a median residual value of 43 ft, and 48 percent were less than measured heads with a median residual value of -76 ft. The CPRAS model was constructed to derive components of the groundwater budget and help understand the interactions of stresses, such as recharge, groundwater pumping, and commingling wells on the groundwater and surface-water system. Through these applications, the model can be used to identify trends in groundwater storage and use, and quantify groundwater availability. The annual groundwater budgets showed several patterns of change over the simulation period. Groundwater pumping was negligible until the 1950s and began to increase significantly during the 1970s and 1980s. Recharge was highly variable due to the interannual variability of precipitation, but began to increase in the late 1940s due to the increase in surface-water irrigation projects. Groundwater contributions to streamflow (base flow) followed recharge closely. However, in areas of significant groundwater-level decline, base flow is reduced. Groundwater pumping had the greatest effect on water levels, followed by irrigation enhanced recharge. Commingling was a larger factor in structurally complex upland areas where hydraulic-head gradients are naturally high. Groundwater pumping has increased substantially over the past 40-50 years; this increase resulted in declining water levels at depth and decreased base flows over much of the study area. The effects of pumping are mitigated somewhat by the increase of surface-water irrigation, especially in the shallow Overburden unit, and commingling wells in some areas. During dry to average years, groundwater pumping causes a net loss of groundwater in storage and current condition (2000-2007) groundwater pumping exceeds recharge in all but the wettest of years.