Download or read book Three Arguments Against Whole Language why They are Wrong written by Stephen D. Krashen and published by Heinemann Educational Books. This book was released on 1999 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stephen Krashen, one of the country's most respected authorities on language and literacy, sets the record straight about today's reading wars, offering an incisive analysis of the three major "battle cries" of whole language critics. In a step-by-step dissection, Krashen reiterates the three arguments, then explores the most salient studies that support or refute them. CLAIM: Eye movement studies prove that readers assay text "completely," and therefore do not sample text to confirm predictions, as maintained by whole language advocates. In exploring the Eye Fixation Studies, which attempted to disprove the Goodman-Smith reading theory, Krashen reveals that study participants had no alternative but to examine every fine detail of the print. Further evidence is provided that supports the hypothesis that literacy development and comprehension are in fact closely related. CLAIM: Context interferes with reading. This is only true, says Krashen, if the context (e.g. pictures) is too rich, or "overdetermining." We also see how the results of studies supporting this claim were biased by the methodology used. CLAIM: Skill-building approaches to reading have been shown to produce better results than whole language. In fact, asserts Krashen, when whole language is correctly defined as providing comprehensible texts, it is a consistent winner. The author also skewers the national frenzy over early intervention and illustrates his point with a humorous scenario showing how "prenatal phonemic awareness testing" could be the logical outgrowth of an entirely skills-based approach! But beyond its point/counterpoint format, Three Arguments offers some real solutions, chief of which is making sure that all children have access to interesting reading material so they can finally achieve the standards of literacy they deserve.
Download or read book Three Arguments Against Whole Language why They are Wrong written by Stephen D. Krashen and published by Heinemann Educational Books. This book was released on 1999 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stephen Krashen, one of the country's most respected authorities on language and literacy, sets the record straight about today's reading wars, offering an incisive analysis of the three major "battle cries" of whole language critics. In a step-by-step dissection, Krashen reiterates the three arguments, then explores the most salient studies that support or refute them. CLAIM: Eye movement studies prove that readers assay text "completely," and therefore do not sample text to confirm predictions, as maintained by whole language advocates. In exploring the Eye Fixation Studies, which attempted to disprove the Goodman-Smith reading theory, Krashen reveals that study participants had no alternative but to examine every fine detail of the print. Further evidence is provided that supports the hypothesis that literacy development and comprehension are in fact closely related. CLAIM: Context interferes with reading. This is only true, says Krashen, if the context (e.g. pictures) is too rich, or "overdetermining." We also see how the results of studies supporting this claim were biased by the methodology used. CLAIM: Skill-building approaches to reading have been shown to produce better results than whole language. In fact, asserts Krashen, when whole language is correctly defined as providing comprehensible texts, it is a consistent winner. The author also skewers the national frenzy over early intervention and illustrates his point with a humorous scenario showing how "prenatal phonemic awareness testing" could be the logical outgrowth of an entirely skills-based approach! But beyond its point/counterpoint format, Three Arguments offers some real solutions, chief of which is making sure that all children have access to interesting reading material so they can finally achieve the standards of literacy they deserve.
Download or read book Political Spectacle and the Fate of American Schools written by Mary Lee Smith and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-02-02 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors argue that the most influential and well-known educational policy programs in the past 30 years are not based on democratic consensus, but are instead formulated by the political community as symbolic efforts meant to generate personal partisan gain.
Download or read book Understanding Reading written by Frank Smith and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-05-20 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding Reading revolutionized reading research and theory when the first edition appeared in 1971 and continues to be a leader in the field. In the sixth edition of this classic text, Smith's purpose remains the same: to shed light on fundamental aspects of the complex human act of reading--linguistic, physiological, psychological, and social--and on what is involved in learning to read. The text critically examines current theories, instructional practices, and controversies, covering a wide range of disciplines but always remaining accessible to students and classroom teachers. Careful attention is given to the ideological clash that continues between whole language and direct instruction and currently permeates every aspect of theory and research into reading and reading instruction. To aid readers in making up their own minds, each chapter concludes with a brief statement of "Issues." Understanding Reading: A Psycholinguistic Analysis of Reading and Learning to Read, Sixth Edition is designed to serve as a handbook for language arts teachers, a college text for basic courses on the psychology of reading, a guide to relevant research on reading, and an introduction to reading as an aspect of thinking and learning. It is matchless in integrating a wide range of topics relative to reading while, at the same time, being highly readable and user-friendly for instructors, students, and practitioners.
Download or read book Resources in Education written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Crash Course in Family Literacy Programs written by Rosemary Chance and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2012-03-08 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book collects the research on literacy, information regarding the importance of reading to children, sources of funding, and places to find information about literacy programs in the 50 states—all in a single volume. Family literacy programs can be remarkably effective in helping families who struggle in various areas of literacy or supporting their children's academic needs.Crash Course in Family Literacy Programs provides an introduction and an overview of this critical subject, defining what literacy, family literacy, and family literacy events are, and covering critical topics such as sources of funding, conclusions of recent research, and bilingual family literacy. The first half of the book is focused on laying out background information about family literacy, while the remainder provides practical how-to information for public and school libraries to develop their own family literacy programming. The book shows perspectives of public librarians, school principals, children's book store owners, and school personnel who have successfully implemented a family literacy program. Planning sheets and lesson templates are included, making it easy to develop a family literacy program.
Download or read book Did ctica del Ingl s written by Susan House and published by Grao. This book was released on 2011-07-20 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eeste libro explora diferentes aspectos de la práctica en el aula: la implementación del currículo; la elección de los materiales de clase; la enseñanza de la gramática, la pronunciación y el vocabulario; el desarrollo de las habilidades instrumentales (listening, speaking, reading y writing); el uso y el aprovechamiento más adecuado de la alfabetización digital; y la gestión eficaz del aula. Cada capítulo incluye tareas para consolidar la información, así como actividades de evaluación más exhaustivas. This book is Volume II in a three volume series addressing the main issues concerning the teaching of English as a Foreign language to secondary school pupils. The eight chapters in this book address different aspects of classroom practice, including implementing a curriculum; choosing classroom materials; working with vocabulary, grammar and pronunciation; developing instrumental skills (listening, speaking, reading and writing); using and exploiting digital literacy and effective classroom management. Each chapter includes tasks for consolidating the information and more extensive assessment tasks.
Download or read book Lacan and Education Policy written by Matthew Clarke and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2019-06-13 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lacan and Education Policy draws on the rich conceptual resources of Lacanian psychoanalysis. Using Lacan's four discourses Matthew Clarke offers a sophisticated critique of recent education policy and the neoliberal model of political economy within which it sits, including the ways in which education has been diminished and trivialised through the economistic and depoliticising moves of policy. Clarke articulates possibilities for thinking differently about education and education policy beyond the reductive narratives of neoliberalism. He argues that psychoanalytic theory is valuable, not so much for allowing us to see what education 'really is', but for offering insights into what prevents education from 'being', enabling us to shift our focus instead into the possibilities education offers as a space of 'becoming'. The book suggests possibilities for conceptualising and creating 'the other side' of education.
Download or read book English Language Teaching Materials written by Nigel Harwood and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-03-22 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: English Language Teaching Materials: Theory and Practice provides an overview of the current state of materials design in language teaching. This volume provides an incisive overview of the current state of materials design in language teaching. Seventeen original chapters explore the issues involved in the design, implementation, and evaluation of materials in language programs in a wide variety of settings and contexts. This stimulating collection considers different approaches to materials design - including teacher-developed classroom materials, commercial materials, and technology-driven materials. Discussion questions and tasks follow each chapter to make this volume useful to both prospective and practicing teachers alike.
Download or read book Language Power and Pedagogy written by Jim Cummins and published by Multilingual Matters. This book was released on 2000-09-22 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Population mobility is at an all-time high in human history. One result of this unprecedented movement of peoples around the world is that in many school systems monolingual and monocultural students are the exception rather than the rule, particularly in urban areas. This shift in demographic realities entails enormous challenges for educators and policy-makers. What do teachers need to know in order to teach effectively in linguistically and culturally diverse contexts? How long does it take second language learners to acquire proficiency in the language of school instruction? What are the differences between attaining conversational fluency in everyday contexts and developing proficiency in the language registers required for academic success? What adjustments do we need to make in curriculum, instruction and assessment to ensure that second-language learners understand what is being taught and are assessed in a fair and equitable manner? How long do we need to wait before including second-language learners in high-stakes national examinations and assessments? What role (if any) should be accorded students’ first language in the curriculum? Do bilingual education programs work well for poor children from minority-language backgrounds or should they be reserved only for middle-class children from the majority or dominant group? In addressing these issues, this volume focuses not only on issues of language learning and teaching but also highlights the ways in which power relations in the wider society affect patterns of teacher–student interaction in the classroom. Effective instruction will inevitably challenge patterns of coercive power relations in both school and society.
Download or read book Essentials of Assessing Preventing and Overcoming Reading Difficulties written by David A. Kilpatrick and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-08-10 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Practical, effective, evidence-based reading interventions that change students' lives Essentials of Understanding and Assessing Reading Difficulties is a practical, accessible, in-depth guide to reading assessment and intervention. It provides a detailed discussion of the nature and causes of reading difficulties, which will help develop the knowledge and confidence needed to accurately assess why a student is struggling. Readers will learn a framework for organizing testing results from current assessment batteries such as the WJ-IV, KTEA-3, and CTOPP-2. Case studies illustrate each of the concepts covered. A thorough discussion is provided on the assessment of phonics skills, phonological awareness, word recognition, reading fluency, and reading comprehension. Formatted for easy reading as well as quick reference, the text includes bullet points, icons, callout boxes, and other design elements to call attention to important information. Although a substantial amount of research has shown that most reading difficulties can be prevented or corrected, standard reading remediation efforts have proven largely ineffective. School psychologists are routinely called upon to evaluate students with reading difficulties and to make recommendations to address such difficulties. This book provides an overview of the best assessment and intervention techniques, backed by the most current research findings. Bridge the gap between research and practice Accurately assess the reason(s) why a student struggles in reading Improve reading skills using the most highly effective evidence-based techniques Reading may well be the most important thing students are taught during their school careers. It is a skill they will use every day of their lives; one that will dictate, in part, later life success. Struggling students need help now, and Essentials of Understanding and Assessing Reading Difficulties shows how to get these students on track.
Download or read book Language at the Speed of Sight written by Mark Seidenberg and published by . This book was released on 2017-01-03 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We’ve been teaching reading wrong—a leading cognitive scientist tells us how we can finally do it right
Download or read book Assessing Readers written by Rona Flippo and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-01-23 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Co-publication of Routledge and the International Reading Association This new edition of Assessing Readers continues to bridge the gap between authentic, informal, and formative assessments, and more traditional quantitative, and summative assessment approaches. At the heart of the book is respect and confidence in the capabilities of knowledgeable teachers to make the correct literacy decisions for the students they teach based on appropriate assessments. Inclusive and practical, it supports individual classroom teachers' knowledge, beliefs, decisions, and roles and offers specific assessment, instruction, and organizational ideas and strategies, while incorporating a range of perspectives that inform the field of reading and literacy education, covering the most important ideas and information found in more traditional reading diagnosis books. Changes in the Second Edition Addresses the Common Core State Standards Includes Response to Intervention (RTI) Discusses family literacy in language-diverse homes and the needs of ELL students Covers formative assessment Offers ideas and guidelines for ELL assessment Looks at issues of accountability and teaching to prescribed state tests and objectives versus accommodating to them – the pitfalls and problems and how to cope Provides new practical examples, including new rubrics, more teacher-developed cognitive assessments, a new case study, and new teacher-developed strategy lessons
Download or read book Teaching Readers of English written by John Hedgcock and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-09-10 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive manual for pre- and in-service ESL and EFL educators, this frontline text balances insights from current reading theory and research with highly practical, field-tested strategies for teaching and assessing L2 reading in secondary and post-secondary contexts. Teaching Readers of English: provides a through yet accessible survey of L2 reading theory and research addresses the unique cognitive and socioeducational challenges encountered by L2 readers covers the features of L2 texts that teachers of reading must understand acquaints readers with methods for designing reading courses, selecting curricular materials, and planning instruction explores the essential role of systematic vocabulary development in teaching L2 literacy includes practical methods for assessing L2 students’ proficiency, achievement, and progress in the classroom. Pedagogical features in each chapter include questions for reflection, further reading and resources, reflection and review questions, and application activities.
Download or read book The Schools Our Children Deserve written by Alfie Kohn and published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. This book was released on 1999 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arguing against the tougher standards rhetoric that marks the current education debate, the author of No Contest and Punished by Rewards writes that such tactics squeeze the pleasure out of learning. Reprint.
Download or read book Whole Language Lives On written by Louisa Cook Moats and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2000 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This position paper contends that the whole language approach to reading instruction has been disproved by research and evaluation but still pervades textbooks for teachers, instructional materials for classroom use, some states' language-arts standards and other policy documents, teacher licensing requirements and preparation programs, and the professional context in which teachers work. The paper finds that many who pledge allegiance to "balanced reading" continue to misunderstand reading development and to deliver "poorly conceived, ineffective reading instruction." It argues that "rooting out whole language" from reading classrooms calls for effort on eight separate fronts. The paper describes what whole language is, why it is contradicted by scientific studies, how it continues in education, and what should be done to correct the situation. (Contains a glossary and 57 notes.) (NKA)
Download or read book Teaching Readers of English written by John S. Hedgcock and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-02-13 with total page 507 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive manual for pre- and in-service ESL, EFL, and EIL educators who work with multilingual students at the secondary and postsecondary levels, this text balances insights from reading theory and research with highly practical, field-tested strategies for teaching and assessing second-language reading that educators can readily adopt and adapt to suit their contexts and student populations. Teaching Readers of English is a complete "go-to" source for teaching reading and promoting classroom and professional literacies in an increasingly digital world. Offering principled approaches and methods for planning and delivering effective L2 reading instruction, the text includes pedagogical features, such as questions for reflection, further reading and resources, and application activities to develop purposeful classroom reading lessons in a range of contexts. Changes in the Second Edition: Updated and revised chapters on formative and summative reading assessment, developing vocabulary knowledge and grammatical skill, and cultivating extensive reading and literary appreciation Updated information on institutional settings and reader demographics New pedagogical features in each chapter, including Chapter Summaries, Further Reading, Reflection and Review, and Application Activities A streamlined chapter sequence to enhance the text’s usability
