Download or read book Thermal Performance of Arctic Charr written by Stefan Larsson and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Thermal Performance of Arctic Charr written by Stefan Larsson and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Arctic Charr Aquaculture written by Gavin Johnston and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important book draws together, for the first time, a vastwealth of information on all major aspects of the farming of Arcticcharr, a highly prized and commercially valuable salmonid. Theauthor, Gavin Johnston who has many years' experience of farmingArctic charr, teaching about and researching the species, hasproduced a book that is a landmark publication and an essentialpurchase for all those involved with the species. The book is broadly divided into three sections. The firstsection covers Arctic charr interactions with humans and thecharr's biological requirements for culture. Section two is apractical guide to the art and science of early-rearing Arcticcharr; a hands on application of current knowledge in Arctic charraquaculture. The final section of the book focuses on thecommercial production of Arctic charr, providing cutting-edgeinformation for all those involved in the exploitation of thisvaluable species. Arctic Charr Aquaculture is an essential purchase foranyone involved in, or considering involvement in farming of thisspecies. Farm managers and other personnel in fish farms andexperimental aquaculture units, fish and aquatic biologists willfind a huge amount of useful data in this book. Libraries in alluniversity departments and research establishments whereaquaculture, fisheries and fish biology are studies and taughtshould have copies of this book on their shelves. This book bringstogether for the first time the knowledge needed to farm and marketArctic Charr. Part One is an overview of Arctic Charr aquaculturebeginning with the history and development of Charr aquaculture,the biological attributes of Arctic Charr, the physicalrequirements for growth and commercial production requirements.Other chapters are devoted to Charr health, nutrition and feeding.Part Two is a practical guide for the producer operating an ArcticCharr farm either as a vertically integrated operation or asdiscrete hatcheries and grow out farms. Part Three is devoted tothe business of commercially producing Arctic Charr, and althoughit deals specifically with Charr it also covers many businessaspects of farming relevant to any fish species under cold watercultivation. It covers farm business management, the economics andfinance of Arctic Charr farming, marketing Charr products and aclosing section on how to avoid the pitfalls which others includingthe author have experienced.

Download or read book Ecology of Atlantic Salmon and Brown Trout written by Bror Jonsson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-05-03 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Destruction of habitat is the major cause for loss of biodiversity including variation in life history and habitat ecology. Each species and population adapts to its environment, adaptations visible in morphology, ecology, behaviour, physiology and genetics. Here, the authors present the population ecology of Atlantic salmon and brown trout and how it is influenced by the environment in terms of growth, migration, spawning and recruitment. Salmonids appeared as freshwater fish some 50 million years ago. Atlantic salmon and brown trout evolved in the Atlantic basin, Atlantic salmon in North America and Europe, brown trout in Europe, Northern Africa and Western Asia. The species live in small streams as well as large rivers, lakes, estuaries, coastal seas and oceans, with brown trout better adapted to small streams and less well adapted to feeding in the ocean than Atlantic salmon. Smolt and adult sizes and longevity are constrained by habitat conditions of populations spawning in small streams. Feeding, wintering and spawning opportunities influence migratory versus resident lifestyles, while the growth rate influences egg size and number, age at maturity, reproductive success and longevity. Further, early experiences influence later performance. For instance, juvenile behaviour influences adult homing, competition for spawning habitat, partner finding and predator avoidance. The abundance of wild Atlantic salmon populations has declined in recent years; climate change and escaped farmed salmon are major threats. The climate influences through changes in temperature and flow, while escaped farmed salmon do so through ecological competition, interbreeding and the spreading of contagious diseases. The authors pinpoint essential problems and offer suggestions as to how they can be reduced. In this context, population enhancement, habitat restoration and management are also discussed. The text closes with a presentation of what the authors view as major scientific challenges in ecological research on these species.

Download or read book Thermal Adaptation written by Michael J. Angilletta Jr. and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2009-01-29 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Temperature profoundly impacts both the phenotypes and distributions of organisms. These thermal effects exert strong selective pressures on behaviour, physiology and life history when environmental temperatures vary over space and time. Despite temperature's significance, progress toward a quantitative theory of thermal adaptation has lagged behind empirical descriptions of patterns and processes. In this book, the author draws on theory from the more general discipline of evolutionary ecology to establish a framework for interpreting empirical studies of thermal biology. This novel synthesis of theoretical and empirical work generates new insights about the process of thermal adaptation and points the way towards a more general theory. The threat of rapid climatic change on a global scale provides a stark reminder of the challenges that remain for thermal biologists and adds a sense of urgency to this book's mission. Thermal Adaptation will benefit anyone who seeks to understand the relationship between environmental variation and phenotypic evolution. The book focuses on quantitative evolutionary models at the individual, population and community levels, and successfully integrates this theory with modern empirical approaches. By providing a synthetic overview of evolutionary thermal biology, this accessible text will appeal to both graduate students and established researchers in the fields of comparative, ecological, and evolutionary physiology. It will also interest the broader audience of professional ecologists and evolutionary biologists who require a comprehensive review of this topic, as well as those researchers working on the applied problems of regional and global climate change.

Download or read book Aquaculture Biotechnology written by Garth L. Fletcher and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-02-01 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important book looks at a broad spectrum of biotech research efforts and their applications to the aquaculture industry. Aquaculture Biotechnology provides key reviews that look at the application of genetic, cellular, and molecular technologies to enable fish farmers to produce a more abundant, resilient, and healthier supply of seafood. Aquaculture Biotechnology is divided into seven sections and nineteen chapters that cover topics ranging from broodstock improvement to fish health and gene transfer. With chapters provided by leading researchers and skillfully edited by top scientists in the field, this will be a valuable tool to researchers, producers, and students interested in better understanding this dynamic field of aquaculture.

Download or read book Temperature influence on Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus L antibody response to a cellular antigen written by I.E. EINARSDOTTIR and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Conservation Physiology for the Anthropocene A Systems Approach written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2022-10-21 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conservation Physiology for the Anthropocene: A Systems Approach, Volume 39A in the Fish Physiology series, is a comprehensive synthesis on the physiology of fish in the Anthropocene. This volume closes the knowledge gap by considering the many ways in which different physiological systems (e.g., sensory physiology, endocrine, cardio-respiratory, bioenergetics, water and ionic balance and homeostasis, locomotion/biomechanics, gene function) and physiological diversity are relevant to management and conservation. As the world is changing, with a dire need to identify solutions to the many environmental problems facing wild fish populations, this book comprehensively covers conservation physiology and its future techniques. Conservation physiology reveals the many ways in which environmental change and human activities can negatively influence wild fish populations. These tactics inform new management and conservation activities and help create the necessary conditions for fish to thrive. Presents authoritative contributions from an international board of authors, each with extensive expertise in the conservation physiology of fish Provides the most up-to-date information on the ways in which different physiological systems are relevant to the management and conservation of fish and fisheries Identifies how anthropogenic stressors perturb physiological systems Explores how different physiological systems can be exploited to solve conservation problems

Download or read book Effects of Temperature on the Growth of Arctic Charr Salvelinus Alpinus in Ungava and Labrador Canada written by Alyssa D. Murdoch and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arctic surface air temperatures have been warming at twice the global rate, making it one of the most susceptible regions to current climate change. Effects on cold-adapted aquatic species, such as the culturally and ecologically important Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus), are difficult to anticipate and may vary depending on site-specific attributes. Temperature has a direct influence on aspects of species' fitness, including growth, reproduction and, ultimately, survival. Previous research on temperature-growth patterns in Arctic charr has yielded variable results, particularly for studies observing these patterns in the wild. Two field-based studies are presented in this thesis, in an attempt to better understand temperature-growth patterns for wild populations of Arctic charr. In the first study, individual measurements of annual, or within-season growth were determined from tag-recaptured Arctic charr and examined in relation to summer sea surface temperatures and within-season capture timing in the Ungava and Labrador regions of eastern Canada. Differences in among-year growth were significant for Ungava Bay Arctic charr, with growth being positively correlated with temperature. Growth of Labrador Arctic charr did not vary significantly among years. Regional comparisons demonstrated that Ungava Arctic charr had significantly higher annual growth rates, with differences among years in all regions being positively correlated with temperature. Within-season growth rates of Labrador Arctic charr peaked in June, declined toward August, and were negatively correlated with the length of time spent at sea and mean experienced sea surface temperatures. A quadratic model relating growth rate to temperature best explained the pattern of within-season growth. The higher annual growth of Ungava Bay Arctic charr was attributed to the high sea surface temperatures experienced in 2010-11 and the localized differences in nearshore productivity as compared to Labrador. Results suggest that increases in water temperature may have profound consequences for Arctic charr growth in the Canadian sub-Arctic, depending on the responses of local marine productivity to those same temperature increases. In the second study, oxygen stable isotope temperature reconstruction methods were used to estimate mean experienced summer temperatures from growth zones within individual otoliths of Arctic charr sampled from contrasting lake environments. For either lake, otolith-estimated temperatures were not significantly related to back-calculated growth. Significant negative effects on back-calculated growth were observed due to increasing air temperatures in the smaller lake, owing to warmer surface waters and a limited amount of preferred cool-water habitat available. A similar relationship was not observed in the larger lake, indicating that the cooler, deeper lake provides ample preferred cool-water habitat for Arctic charr despite climate warming. In addition, young-of-the-year temperatures negatively related to zone 2 growth for the smaller lake, whereas no significant correlation was found for the larger lake. Results here provide evidence for differing climate-influenced growth outcomes depending on the site-specific fish density: preferred thermal habitat volume ratio as dictated by local attributes including lake morphometry, upstream catchment area and life-history strategy. Conclusions from this thesis include the increased need for detailed site- and population-specific assessments of the impacts of increasing temperatures on Arctic charr growth. Better understanding of the drivers of temperature-growth relationships in wild Arctic charr populations will facilitate more accurate stock forecasts with the overall goal of sustaining exploited Arctic charr populations as the climate warms and becomes increasingly variable.

Download or read book Advances in the Ecology of Stream Dwelling Salmonids written by Javier Lobon-Cervia and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 733 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Habitat Use in Anadromous Arctic Charr Salvelinus Alpinus in Nearshore Marine and Overwintering Lake Environments written by Ingeborg M. Mulder and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Even though anadromy is integral to the life history of the Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) in many northern regions, little is known about what shapes the patterns of anadromy. Moreover, little is known about the habitat use (e.g. temperature use and/or depth distribution) in relation to movement activity, especially during the overwintering freshwater residency period. An improved understanding of their behaviour in both freshwater and the marine environment will improve our understanding of how a cold-water specialist, such as Arctic charr, may respond to a changing climate, given the predicted and observed climate changes and existing hypotheses about its likely consequences for northern fishes. Accordingly, anadromous adult Arctic charr from two populations located near the southern end of the species distributional range have been studied in 2012, 2014 and 2015, to investigate the spatial and temporal patterns of habitat use in the nearshore marine and overwintering lake environments using passive acoustic and archival telemetry methods and a mixed effects modelling framework. Research has focussed on movement activity of anadromous Arctic charr while overwintering in freshwater lakes. Results showed that movement activity declined markedly during the ice-covered period, with low movement activity suggesting only opportunistic maintenance feeding as an energy conservation strategy. Movement activity was negatively correlated with body length, with smaller individuals being more active than larger conspecifics. Although general movement activity patterns were evident, there were significant differences among individuals, particularly in the spring immediately prior to lake departure. Lake size and individual differences in metabolic rate may account for some of this variation. Photoperiod strongly influenced the decline in movement activity in late autumn and, in combination with ice breakup, the increase in movement activity in spring. Arctic charr utilized a narrow temperature window (0.5-2ʻC) during the ice-covered period and used cooler temperatures available within the middle to upper water column. Use of the selected lower temperatures is indicative of a strategy to reduce metabolic costs and minimize energy expenditure, preserving stored lipids for overwinter survival and the energetic costs of preparation for seaward migration. As Arctic charr are visual feeders, use of the upper water column is thought to aid foraging efficiency by increasing the likelihood of prey capture. In addition to seasonal movement patterns, this thesis also focussed on diel activity patterns. Arctic charr were observed to display diurnal activity patterns throughout the overwinter residency period, likely driven by prey and light availability in the upper water column where daylight facilitates foraging efficiency by increasing the likelihood of prey capture. Movement activity increased as a function of temperature, except during winter, where cold-water temperatures associated with increased activity were likely a by-product of (opportunistic) feeding behaviour immediately below the ice. The utilization of warmer water temperatures when activity was reduced was thought to occur for the purpose of improving assimilation efficiencies in winter and preparing for outmigration during the ice breakup period. During the marine migration, Arctic charr utilized warmer ambient water temperatures available in the upper water column, possibly to aid in physiological processes such as digestion, whereas deeper depths were suggested to be used for feeding purposes. Size-dependent thermal preferences were evident, with larger individuals utilizing cooler water temperatures compared to smaller individuals, a pattern of temperature use suggestive of ontogenetic changes in thermal habitat use for the purpose of growth maximization. Diurnal patterns of diving activity were interpreted to reflect the vertical migration of prey items and/or to be related to the visual capabilities of Arctic charr as daytime feeding likely remains more profitable in terms of rapid food acquisition and minimization of foraging costs. Dive duration was dependent on body size with smaller individuals performing shorter dives to maintain their core temperature and abilities to both effectively capture prey and avoid predation. This thesis is the first to provide observations of movement activity and thermal habitat use in adult anadromous Arctic charr while overwintering in freshwater lakes, and to directly test and observe size-dependent thermal preferences in Arctic charr at sea. Together, the findings of this thesis have made an important contribution to the winter ecology and marine migration of anadromous adult Arctic charr and lays the foundation for assessing future climate change effects on Arctic charr populations in Canada and elsewhere.

Download or read book Ecology behaviour and conservation of the charrs genus Salvelinus written by Pierre Magnan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Salvelinus species are one of the most thoroughly studied groups of fishes. Many reasons explain this intense interest in charr biology. Charrs have a Holarctic distribution encompassing many Asian, North American, and European countries and occupy diverse marine and freshwater environments. Furthermore, the current distribution of charr includes areas that were directly influenced by climate and topographic change associated with the many Pleistocene glaciations. Undoubtedly, these conditions have promoted much of the tremendous morphological, ecological, and genetic variability and plasticity within Salvelinus species and they make charr very good models to study evolutionary processes 'in action'. Many charr species also exhibit demographic characteristics such as slow growth, late maturity, and life in extreme environments, that may increase their susceptibility to extinction from habitat changes and overexploitation, especially in depauperate aquatic habitats. This vulnerability makes understanding their biology of great relevance to biodiversity and conservation. Finally, charr are of great cultural, commercial, and recreational significance to many communities, and their intimate linkage with human societies has stimulated much interest in this enigmatic genus. This volume comprises a selection of papers presented at the fourth International Charr Symposium held in Trois-Rivières (Québec, Canada), from 26 June to 1 July 2000. It includes 31 papers on ecological interactions and behaviour, trophic polymorphism, movement and migration, ecophysiology and evolutionary genetics, ecological parasitology, environmental stress and conservation. These studies cannot cover all recent developments in the ecology, behaviour and conservation of Salvelinus species, but collecting them into a special volume should bring attention to current research on this important genus and stimulate further work on Salvelinus species.

Download or read book Low Temperature Energy Systems with Applications of Renewable Energy written by Andriy Redko and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-10-23 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Low-Temperature Energy Systems with Applications of Renewable Energy investigates a wide variety of low-temperature energy applications in residential, commercial, institutional, and industrial areas. It addresses the basic principles that form the groundwork for more efficient energy conversion processes and includes detailed practical methods for carrying out these critical processes. This work considers new directions in the engineering use of technical thermodynamics and energy, including more in-depth studies of the use of renewable sources, and includes worked numerical examples, review questions, and practice problems to allow readers to test their own comprehension of the material. With detailed explanations, methods, models, and algorithms, Low-Temperature Energy Systems with Applications of Renewable Energy is a valuable reference for engineers and scientists in the field of renewable energy, as well as energy researchers and academics. Features end-of chapter review sections with questions and exercises for practical study and utilization. Presents methods for a great variety of energy applications to improve their energy operations. Applies real-world data to demonstrate the impact of low-temperature energy systems on renewable energy use today.

Download or read book Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences written by and published by . This book was released on 2014-05 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Atlantic Salmon Ecology written by Øystein Aas and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-07-05 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Atlantic salmon is one of the most prized and exploited species worldwide, being at the centre of a massive sports fishing industry and increasingly as the major farmed species in many countries worldwide. Atlantic Salmon Ecology is a landmark publication, both scientifically important and visually attractive. Comprehensively covering all major aspects of the relationship of the Atlantic salmon with its environment, chapters include details of migration and dispersal, reproduction, habitat requirements, feeding, growth rates, competition, predation, parasitsm, population dynamics, effects of landscape use, hydro power development, climate change, and exploitation. The book closes with a summary and look at possible future research directions. Backed by the Norwegian Research Council and with editors and contributors widely known and respected, Atlantic Salmon Ecology is an essential purchase for all those working with this species, including fisheries scientists and managers, fish biologists, ecologists, physiologists, environmental biologists and aquatic scientists, fish and wildlife department personnel and regulatory bodies. Libraries in all universities and research establishments where these subjects are studied and taught should have copies of this important publication. Comprehensive and up-to-date coverage of Atlantic Salmon Atlantic Salmon is one of the world's most commercially important species Backed by the Norwegian Research Council Experienced editor and internationally respected contributors

Download or read book Global Warming written by C. M. Wood and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1997-05-13 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global warming and climate change are growing environmental concerns which are much in the scientific, governmental and public eye. The potential impact on freshwater and marine fishes is immense, because most fish have no physiological ability to regulate their body temperature. This volume focuses on the effects of temperature at all levels of organization in fish, with particular emphasis on physiological function: cells, epithelia, organ systems, the whole organism, reproduction, behaviour, pollutant interactions, ecology and population dynamics, with each chapter written by experts in the field. Many chapters also speculate on the long-term physiological and ecological implications to fish of a 2-4°C global warming scenario. Researchers and graduate students in the areas of animal physiology and behaviour, environmental toxicology, population ecology and fisheries biology and management will find this volume of particular interest.

Download or read book Charrs written by E.K. Balon and published by Springer. This book was released on 1980-04-30 with total page 948 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: