Download or read book Reforming Juvenile Justice written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-05-22 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adolescence is a distinct, yet transient, period of development between childhood and adulthood characterized by increased experimentation and risk-taking, a tendency to discount long-term consequences, and heightened sensitivity to peers and other social influences. A key function of adolescence is developing an integrated sense of self, including individualization, separation from parents, and personal identity. Experimentation and novelty-seeking behavior, such as alcohol and drug use, unsafe sex, and reckless driving, are thought to serve a number of adaptive functions despite their risks. Research indicates that for most youth, the period of risky experimentation does not extend beyond adolescence, ceasing as identity becomes settled with maturity. Much adolescent involvement in criminal activity is part of the normal developmental process of identity formation and most adolescents will mature out of these tendencies. Evidence of significant changes in brain structure and function during adolescence strongly suggests that these cognitive tendencies characteristic of adolescents are associated with biological immaturity of the brain and with an imbalance among developing brain systems. This imbalance model implies dual systems: one involved in cognitive and behavioral control and one involved in socio-emotional processes. Accordingly adolescents lack mature capacity for self-regulations because the brain system that influences pleasure-seeking and emotional reactivity develops more rapidly than the brain system that supports self-control. This knowledge of adolescent development has underscored important differences between adults and adolescents with direct bearing on the design and operation of the justice system, raising doubts about the core assumptions driving the criminalization of juvenile justice policy in the late decades of the 20th century. It was in this context that the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) asked the National Research Council to convene a committee to conduct a study of juvenile justice reform. The goal of Reforming Juvenile Justice: A Developmental Approach was to review recent advances in behavioral and neuroscience research and draw out the implications of this knowledge for juvenile justice reform, to assess the new generation of reform activities occurring in the United States, and to assess the performance of OJJDP in carrying out its statutory mission as well as its potential role in supporting scientifically based reform efforts.
Download or read book The Young Offenders Act written by Philip Rosen and published by . This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Juvenile Crime Juvenile Justice written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-06-05 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Even though youth crime rates have fallen since the mid-1990s, public fear and political rhetoric over the issue have heightened. The Columbine shootings and other sensational incidents add to the furor. Often overlooked are the underlying problems of child poverty, social disadvantage, and the pitfalls inherent to adolescent decisionmaking that contribute to youth crime. From a policy standpoint, adolescent offenders are caught in the crossfire between nurturance of youth and punishment of criminals, between rehabilitation and "get tough" pronouncements. In the midst of this emotional debate, the National Research Council's Panel on Juvenile Crime steps forward with an authoritative review of the best available data and analysis. Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents recommendations for addressing the many aspects of America's youth crime problem. This timely release discusses patterns and trends in crimes by children and adolescentsâ€"trends revealed by arrest data, victim reports, and other sources; youth crime within general crime; and race and sex disparities. The book explores desistanceâ€"the probability that delinquency or criminal activities decrease with ageâ€"and evaluates different approaches to predicting future crime rates. Why do young people turn to delinquency? Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents what we know and what we urgently need to find out about contributing factors, ranging from prenatal care, differences in temperament, and family influences to the role of peer relationships, the impact of the school policies toward delinquency, and the broader influences of the neighborhood and community. Equally important, this book examines a range of solutions: Prevention and intervention efforts directed to individuals, peer groups, and families, as well as day care-, school- and community-based initiatives. Intervention within the juvenile justice system. Role of the police. Processing and detention of youth offenders. Transferring youths to the adult judicial system. Residential placement of juveniles. The book includes background on the American juvenile court system, useful comparisons with the juvenile justice systems of other nations, and other important information for assessing this problem.
Download or read book Young Offenders and the Law written by Raymond Arthur and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-06-10 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How does the law deal with young offenders, and to what extent does the law protect and promote the rights of young people in conflict with the law? These are the central issues addressed by Young Offenders and the Law in its examination of the legal response to the phenomenon of youth offending, and the contemporary forces that shape the law. This book develops the reader’s understanding of the sociological, criminological, historical, political, and philosophical approaches to youth offending in England and Wales, and also presents a comparative review of developments in other jurisdictions. It provides a comprehensive critical analysis of the legislative and policy framework currently governing the operation of the youth justice system in England and Wales, and evaluates the response of the legal system in light of modern legislative framework and international best practice. All aspects of trial and pre-trial procedure affecting young offenders are covered, including: the age of criminal responsibility, police powers, trial procedure, together with the full range of detention facilities and non-custodial options. Young Offenders and the Law provides, for the first time, a primary source of reference on youth offending. It is an essential text for undergraduate and postgraduate students of Law, Criminology, and Criminal Justice Studies.
Download or read book Consequences for Juvenile Offenders Act of 2001 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Crime and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Young Offenders Act written by Alan Winfield Leschied and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Young Offenders Act of 1984 signalled a departure from the court as a caring parent to the court as a forum for ensuring protection of individual civil liberties while meting out justice in a fair and equitable manner. The essays in this volume explore the impact of this legislation on Canadian juvenile justice from the perspectives of lawyers, policy-makers, researchers, and other professionals involved in the court system. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Download or read book Consequences for Juvenile Offenders Act of 2001 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book GUIDE TO THE YOUTH CRIMINAL JUSTICE ACT written by LEE. TUSTIN and published by . This book was released on 2024 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Diversion in Youth Justice written by Roger Smith and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-10-05 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diversion in youth justice is a subject of enduring interest. It concerns the processes by which decisions are made about whether or not to prosecute young offenders, and this book explores the continuing debates and historical developments which shape these processes. The treatment of young offenders is a contentious subject, and this book provides a comprehensive review of out of court decision-making in the context of wider arguments about how we should deal with the crimes of the young. This book follows a broadly historical structure, exploring the development of ideas and approaches to agency decision-making at the point of prosecution. This leads to the identification of a number of distinctive ‘models’ of diversion, reflecting both specific periods of time and particular philosophies of intervention with young people in trouble with the law. Based on this classification, this book explores the implications for wider debates about childhood, crime and punishment and how these relate to theories of social control. This, in turn, leads to the conclusion that diversionary ideas and practices act as a kind of barometer for wider developments in the governance of youth. This is one of the very few books that focuses exclusively on diversion as a feature of youth justice, and it provides a range of original and contemporary insights into this subject area which remains of considerable interest in this field, both academically and in practice. The ideas outlined here will contribute to new thinking in youth criminology, as the discipline responds to a prolonged period of apparent liberalisation in the treatment of young offenders which has yet to be fully understood or properly theorised.
Download or read book Judique On The Job written by Allan MacDonald and published by FriesenPress. This book was released on 2021-11-09 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Judique on the Job: The Long Road to My Career is a lighthearted memoir detailing the author’s experiences growing up on Cape Breton Island, travelling, partying, and his never-ending trials and tribulations trying to find a career that would be satisfying on all levels. In his search, the author had about eighty different jobs, many of them unique and interesting. With a friendly and folksy tone, the book takes the reader on a tour of his adventures in employment, including work in correctional services, automobile repossession, student recruitment, and the military. The author also gives us the inside scoop on working as a film extra, rickshaw runner, doorman, and working numerous positions in the hospitality industry. The book will inspire and reassure younger readers struggling to find success and happiness in their work lives. It will also appeal to anyone with a sense of humour and an appreciation for a good story filled with joie de vivre. The book’s unique title was inspired by a spirited local saying in Judique, Cape Breton Island: “Judique on the floor!” The expression is well known in the area, but its certain origin is not. As Judique was long thought to have the best step dancers in the area, if a Judique native stepped onto the dance floor, people would shout “Judique on the floor!” to alert other dancers they might as well throw in the towel. There is a second part to the story, where apparently Judiquers also liked to fight, so if they were not in the mood to dance, someone would sound the battle cry: “Judique on the floor! Who will dare put us off?” and one or more fisticuffs would ensue. This bit of local colour makes for an apt moniker for this unique and humorous tale.
Download or read book Marginality and Condemnation 3rd Edition written by Carolyn Brooks and published by Fernwood Publishing. This book was released on 2021-12-13T00:00:00Z with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: **Includes test bank and PowerPoint slides for professors who have adopted the text in their course. Contact [email protected] for more information. ** This well-received criminology textbook, now in its third edition, argues that crime must be understood as both a social and a political phenomenon. Using this lens, Marginality and Condemnation contends that what is defined as criminal, how we respond to “crime” and why individuals behave in anti-social ways are often the result of individual and systemic social inequalities and disparities in power. Beginning with an overview of criminological discourse, mainstream approaches and new directions in criminological theory, the book is then divided into sections, based on key social inequalities of class, gender, race and age, each of which begins with an outline of the general issues for understanding crime and an introduction that guides readers through the empirical chapters that follow. The studies provide insights into general issues in criminology, ranging from the historical and current nature of crime and criminal justice to the various responses to criminality. Readers are encouraged and challenged to understand crime and justice through concrete analyses rather than abstract argumentation. In addition to a new introductory chapter that confronts how we define crime, measure crime, and understand and use criminology in this millennium, the third edition provides new chapters examining crime in relation to the environment, terrorism, masculinity, children and youth, and Aboriginal gangs and the legacy of colonialism.
Download or read book Correctional System for Youth Offenders written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary and published by . This book was released on 1949 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Providing for the Consideration of H R 1501 Consequences for Juvenile Offenders Act of 1999 and H R 2122 Mandatory Gun Show Background Check Act of 1999 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Rules and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Legal Aid Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012 written by Great Britain and published by The Stationery Office. This book was released on 2012-05-11 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These notes refer to the Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012 (c.10) (ISBN 9780105410126) which received Royal Assent on 1 May 2012
Download or read book International Handbook of Juvenile Justice written by Josine Junger-Tas and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-06-28 with total page 557 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive reference work presents inside information on the Juvenile Justice-systems in 19 different countries, both in old and new EU-member states and in the United States and Canada. The book is the result of research conducted by a group of outstanding researchers, who are concerned about trends in Juvenile Justice in the last two decades, which blur the border between criminal and juvenile justice.
Download or read book Young Offenders written by Pamela Horn and published by Amberley Publishing Limited. This book was released on 2010-06-15 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A fascinating and very readable exploration of how young offenders have passed through the legal justice system over 300 years.
Download or read book Sentencing and Sanctions in Western Countries written by Michael H. Tonry and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2001 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 11. The Project of Sentencing Reform
