Download or read book The Virtual Currency Regulation Review written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Virtual Currency Regulation Review written by and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Virtual Currency Regulation Review written by Michael S. Sackheim and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effectiveness of Regulatory Regimes in Combating Virtual Currencies Money Laundering Activities written by Sara Aljufaili and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2019-12-19 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thesis (M.A.) from the year 2019 in the subject Law - Civil / Private, Trade, Anti Trust Law, Business Law, grade: 68% (UK) 3.88 (USA), Northumbria University (Northumbria University Law school), course: International Trade Laws Masters, language: English, abstract: The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the existing national and international regulatory approaches in detecting and preventing money laundering activities through virtual currencies. The objective of this evaluation is to determine if these current regulatory approaches require modifications to enhance their effectiveness. The evaluation of these different approaches will also be used to determine the most suitable regulatory approach for virtual currencies that acts as an effective Anti-Money Laundering (AML) regime. As stated previously, virtual currency regulation is a developing area of law. Hence, the majority of regulations discussed in this paper has not come into effect. As a result, the evaluation on the effectiveness of these regulations is only a projection based on academic sources. The recent reform on this area also means that there is a limited number of academics that evaluated these regulations. The development of technology in these past years has created a new financial medium known as the virtual currency market1. The use of virtual currencies has become wide-spread, due to the development of this financial market2. As a result, virtual currencies are in the process of becoming an international financial instrument that may hold significant economic value to the global financial market in the future. Regulations have only started responding to virtual currencies, due to their novelty. The instant growth of this financial instrument and its virtual element is bound to create unique regulatory challenges3. For this reason, this paper intends to study the different approaches regulating virtual currencies. These different regulatory approaches will be evaluated to ensure their effectiveness as Anti-Money Laundering (AML) regimes. Money laundering activities without the virtual element are already considered a global economic concern4. Virtual currencies have the ability of amplifying this issue, because they pose a serious threat to functioning of financial markets if they are employed in money laundering activities5. Jurisdictions only recently have comprehended the implications of this issue, which resulted in developing this new area of law that regulates virtual currencies. The emergence of virtual currency regulations provides a conducive field of study, that is relevant to the current changes undergoing the financial system.
Download or read book Taxation Virtual Currency and Blockchain written by Aleksandra Bal and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2018-11-29 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The emergence of convertible decentralized virtual currency schemes confronts tax authorities with unprecedented questions, among them are the status of virtual currency for tax purposes, which virtual transactions may bene?t from a VAT exemption and determining the most optimal method of tax regulation. This ?rst book-length treatment of this major current topic provides an in-depth and comprehensive analysis of the tax implications of virtual currency transactions. Seeking to ascertain whether virtual currency requires additional regulation or whether the law as it stands is adequate to administer its usage, the analysis not only thoroughly explains the nature of the underlying blockchain technology and its regulatory and judicial treatment so far but also identi?es best practices for virtual currency transactions and makes recommendations for the improvement of the existing tax systems. Among the aspects of the phenomenon covered are the following: – particular aspects of virtual currency use such as smart contracts and initial coin offerings; – comparative review of income tax consequences of virtual currency transactions in Germany, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and the United States; – VAT/sales tax treatment of transactions involving virtual currency in the European Union and the United States; – methodology for creating an effective regulatory framework for the taxation of virtual currency; and – the future of blockchain. The book has three parts and an annex that describes tax regulations, administrative rulings and court decisions concerning virtual currency in twenty countries. In its in-depth analysis of tax implications of virtual currency transactions in major economies, detailed overview of recent tax developments that affect virtual currency transactions and evaluation of tax policies related to virtual currencies, this book has no peers. Especially in view of the OECD's examination of the tax challenges presented by the digital economy as part of its base erosion and pro?t shifting (BEPS) project, this clear and comprehensive explanation of the functioning of virtual currency and blockchain technology will be welcomed by tax administration of?cials and by persons mining and transacting in virtual currencies needing to know their compliance obligations.
Download or read book Virtual Currencies and Beyond written by Mr.Dong He and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-01-20 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New technologies are driving transformational changes in the global financial system. Virtual currencies (VCs) and the underlying distributed ledger systems are among these. VCs offer many potential benefits, but also considerable risks. VCs could raise efficiency and in the long run strengthen financial inclusion. At the same time, VCs could be potential vehicles for money laundering, terrorist financing, tax evasion and fraud. While risks to the conduct of monetary policy seem less likely to arise at this stage given the very small scale of VCs, risks to financial stability may eventually emerge as the new technologies become more widely used. National authorities have begun to address these challenges and will need to calibrate regulation in a manner that appropriately addresses the risks without stifling innovation. As experience is gained, international standards and best practices could be considered to provide guidance on the most appropriate regulatory responses in different fields, thereby promoting harmonization and cooperation across jurisdictions.
Download or read book Regulation of Cryptocurrencies and Blockchain Technologies written by Rosario Girasa and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-29 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book highlights the rise of Bitcoin, which is based on blockchain technology, and some of the many types of coins and tokens that emerged thereafter. Although Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies have made national and international news with their dramatic rise and decline in value, nevertheless the underlying technology is being adopted by both industry and governments, which have noted the benefits of speed, cost efficiency, and protection from hacking. Based on numerous downloaded articles, laws, cases, and other materials, the book discusses the digital transformation, the types of cryptocurrencies, key actors, and the benefits and risks. It also addresses legal issues of digital technology and the evolving U.S. federal regulation. The varying treatment by individual U.S. states is reviewed together with attempts by organizations to arrive at a uniform regulatory regime. Both civil and criminal prosecutions are highlighted with an examination of the major cases that have arisen. Whether and how to tax cryptocurrency transactions both in the U.S. and internationally are analyzed, and ends with a speculative narrative of future developments.
Download or read book Virtual Currency Law written by V. Gerard Comizio and published by Aspen Publishing. This book was released on 2021-12-14 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Virtual Currency Law: The Emerging Legal and Regulatory Framework by V. Gerard Comizio is one of the first casebooks to explore the emerging legal and regulatory framework governing virtual currency activities under a wide range of federal and state laws, including securities, banking, commodities, money transmission, payments systems, commercial, anti-money laundering, fintech, cyber and data security, tax, Constitutional and international laws. Virtual Currency Law is one of the first books specifically suited for use in a law school course exploring the emerging legal and regulatory framework governing virtual currency activities. Since the advent of the first virtual currency (Bitcoin) in 2008, a new global financial ecosystem has emerged, composed of an increasing number and variety of digital assets. In this context, the book explores how governments, regulators and legal experts are increasingly looking to existing securities, banking, commodities, money transmission, payment systems, commercial, anti-money laundering, fintech, cyber and data security, tax, Constitutional and international laws to address the unique, novel, and complex issues presented by virtual currency. The book also explores how the ubiquitous nature of virtual currency has led to it being viewed as the legal and regulatory equivalent of a wide range of traditional corporate and financial services products, services, activities, and investments. Highlights of the First Edition: One of the first legal textbooks to address the wide range of emerging virtual currency law and regulation Chapter by chapter coverage of major areas of emerging corporate and financial institutions law and regulation governing virtual currency-related products, services, investments, and activities Cutting edge materials on emerging Constitutional law issues Professors and students will benefit from: Each chapter generally begins with a basic introduction to the fundamental legal and regulatory legal framework of the respective areas of law being applied to virtual currency. As such, for students, it is not only a useful primer on virtual currency regulation, but also provides a basic understanding of major areas of corporate and financial institutions laws. for professors who are not experts in all areas of law and regulation covered in the book, these chapter introductions will help provide a better understanding of the materials. The chapters, organized by the area of law and regulation analyzed, also provide useful comparative analysis of similar concepts under other laws and regulations discussed in other chapters. To provide a broader context and understanding of the materials presented, the book also covers current developments in policy areas related to virtual currency, including developments in government-backed virtual currencies, emerging quantum computer cyber threats to the blockchain and emerging free speech issues regarding social media restraints on virtual currency activities.
Download or read book Regulatory Aspects of Artificial Intelligence on Blockchain written by Tehrani, Pardis Moslemzadeh and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2021-09-24 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The convergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in blockchain creates one of the world’s most reliable technology-enabled decision-making systems that is virtually tamper-proof and provides solid insights and decisions. The integration of AI and Blockchain affects many aspects from food supply chain logistics and healthcare record sharing to media royalties and financial security. It is imperative that regulatory standards are emphasized in order to support positive outcomes from the integration of AI in blockchain technology. Regulatory Aspects of Artificial Intelligence on Blockchain provides relevant legal and security frameworks and the latest empirical research findings in blockchain and AI. Through the latest research and standards, the book identifies and offers solutions for overcoming legal consequences that pertain to the application of AI into the blockchain system, especially concerning the usage of smart contracts. The chapters, while investigating the legal and security issues associated with these applications, also include topics such as smart contacts, network vulnerability, cryptocurrency, machine learning, and more. This book is essential for technologists, security analysts, legal specialists, privacy and data security practitioners, IT consultants, standardization professionals, researchers, academicians, and students interested in blockchain and AI from a legal and security viewpoint.
Download or read book Cryptocurrency Regulation written by Jerry W. Markham and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2023-09-06 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This incisive and thought-provoking book examines the regulation of cryptocurrency trading by state and federal financial services regulators, in order to understand why these statutes proved to be ineffective in regulating this new asset class. Furthermore, it analyzes and evaluates pending proposals in Congress for more effective cryptocurrency regulation.
Download or read book Virtual Currencies written by United States Government Accountability and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-08-01 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Virtual currencies—digital representations of value that are not government-issued—have grown in popularity in recent years. Some virtual currencies can be used to buy real goods and services and exchanged for dollars or other currencies. One example of these is bitcoin, which was developed in 2009. Bitcoin and similar virtual currency systems operate over the Internet and use computer protocols and encryption to conduct and verify transactions. While these virtual currency systems offer some benefits, they also pose risks. For example, they have been associated with illicit activity and security breaches, raising possible regulatory, law enforcement, and consumer protection issues. GAO was asked to examine federal policy and interagency collaboration issues concerning virtual currencies. This report discusses (1) federal financial regulatory and law enforcement agency responsibilities related to the use of virtual currencies and associated challenges and (2) actions and collaborative efforts the agencies have undertaken regarding virtual currencies. To address these objectives, GAO reviewed federal laws and regulations, academic and industry research, and agency documents; and interviewed federal agency officials, researchers, and industry groups.
Download or read book Uncharted Waters written by Claire Groden and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin hold the potential to reshape the global financial system by creating decentralized means of exchange that do not require government intervention or intermediaries, while also affording a degree of anonymity. This paper maps the diverse regulatory responses to virtual currency around the world in order to identify trends and patterns in the laws. Part I offers a picture of the state of regulation of cryptocurrencies in a wide array of countries, including many of the most significant global financial centers and those that have crafted distinctive policy responses to the rise of cryptocurrency. Part II covers the different approaches taken by U.S. regulatory and enforcement agencies. Part III offers a glossary of relevant terms to help bridge the expertise gap between the different constituencies active in the virtual currency space. Though regulators around the world may be facing many of the same challenges raised by cryptocurrency, there is little coordination or consensus among and within nations on the regulatory path forward. Ultimately, greater uniformity in the regulation of virtual currencies would help ease compliance burdens on companies, prevent crime, and accelerate innovation.
Download or read book Developments in UK Law on the Regulation of Virtual Currency written by Ben Tong and published by . This book was released on 2020-07-14 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master's Thesis from the year 2020 in the subject Computer Sciences - Cryptocurrency, University of Greenwich, language: English, abstract: This work will study the legitimacy of virtual currencies through UK and Hong Kong regulations. UK and Hong Kong regulatory authorities have been claiming they have already covered virtual currencies and already regulating this part of the financial world. The study examines issues to assess if there is actual protection over the use of virtual currency and the possible reforms to existing virtual currency regulations. Virtual currency is digital currency, that exists in electronic form. Virtual currency can only be stored and processed through designated software, mobile devices, computer applications or a dedicated digital wallet, and transactions are made over a secure, private network via the Internet. Virtual currencies are not authorized by the central bank. Technology has been driving the financial world, and a successful example is the increasing acceptance of electronic payments, which is also form of digital currency. Virtual currencies, such as Bitcoin, are becoming increasingly popular. PricewaterhouseCoopers estimated that about 150 active crypto hedge funds that invest in virtual currencies and currently manage approximately $ 1 billion in assets and this number does not include crypto index funds and crypto venture capital funds (making equity type investments). According to the report, crypto hedge funds were able to double their AUM in 2018, and the AUM of crypto hedge funds increased from $ 2.1 million in January 2018 to $ 4.3 million at the end of the first quarter of 2019. Contrast to virtual currencies, electronic payment is widely accepted and now plays an important role in the daily transactions of individuals, companies and society. This is an example how the financial innovation has been developing and benefit the society. Financial innovation has the potential to create jobs and economic activities,
Download or read book Blockchain and Cryptocurrency International Legal and Regulatory Challenges written by Dean Armstrong KC and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2022-11-21 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing a comprehensive explanation of blockchain, cryptocurrency and the international regulation and challenges that apply, this book introduces the reader to the core topics, including: global regulation of blockchain and cryptoassets; the Internet of Things; the Right to be Forgotten and the right to erasure; environmental, social and governance metrics; smart contracts; initial coin offerings; data protection regulation; Decentralised Autonomous Organisations ('DAOs') and the Metaverse. Written by leading UK experts in cyber law, the Second Edition includes: - fungible and non-fungible cryptoassets ('NFTs') - remedy and tracing strategies - financial hygiene requirements that flow from anti-money laundering - counter-terrorist financing regulations. Explaining the fundamentals of blockchain and cryptocurrency in an accessible and understandable way, and sparking new thinking about how old problems can be solved in new ways, this book is essential reading for anyone wishing to have a wider understanding of this complex and evolving area of law. This title is included in Bloomsbury Professional's Cyber Law online service.
Download or read book Terrorist Use of Cryptocurrencies written by Cynthia Dion-Schwarz and published by . This book was released on 2019-05-31 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Terrorist organizations might increase use of digital cryptocurrencies to support their activities. RAND researchers consider the needs of such groups and the advantages and disadvantages of the cryptocurrency technologies available to them.
Download or read book Cryptocurrency and State Sovereignty Comprehensive Review of Bitcoin Blockchain and Virtual Currency Technology Hash Functions Merkle Trees and written by U. S. Military and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2018-09-05 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since Bitcoin's release in late 2008, the cryptocurrency has grown and proven itself as a disruptive technology, resistant to sovereign law and international financial regulations, and an alternative to the sovereign state's concept of fiat money. The Wild West nature of cryptocurrency has enabled a number of individuals, criminal organizations, terrorist groups, and sovereign states to use Bitcoin, among other cryptocurrencies, to avoid detection, interference, or punishment from regulatory agencies to commit actions such as money laundering, trafficking narcotics, purchasing weapons, and bypassing international sanctions. This study addresses the disruptive nature of cryptocurrency by asking what legislative options are available to sovereign states to maximize the effectiveness of sovereign laws while limiting undesired cryptocurrency use. To tackle this question, this study breaks down the legislative actions countries may take into three categories
Download or read book Digital Currency An International Legal and Regulatory Compliance Guide written by Jeffrey H. Matsuura and published by Bentham Science Publishers. This book was released on 2016-01-21 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Digital or ‘virtual’ currencies pose significant challenges for government, financial and legal institutions because of their non-physical nature and their relative anonymity to physical currency. These attributes make this form of exchange extremely volatile and, at the same time, attractive to criminals. Many countries around the world have, therefore issued warnings against the use of digital currencies and have enacted laws to regulate and in some cases, restrict their use among members under their respective jurisdictions. Digital Currency: An International Legal and Regulatory Compliance Guide serves as a primer for both general and specialized readers, as well as business law and e-commerce teachers and students, to recognize and understand the extensive network of laws and regulations already in place around the world which have a profound impact on the creation, distribution and use of digital currency and blockchain technology. The book is also a compliance guide assisting legal practitioners in the fields of business, law, and technology to develop, implement, manage, and maintain strategies, policies, practices, and procedures to ensure that their activities involving digital currency and blockchain technology comply with a complex set of legal requirements in several jurisdictions. The book addresses both the complex set of existing laws that have a profound impact on digital currencies and blockchain technology, and the emerging new legal requirements directed specifically towards digital currency. Readers will understand the broad implications of laws and regulations on digital currency and blockchain development and its use, and will also be equipped with the knowledge to incorporate these effectively into their professional and personal endeavors. This entails maximizing the value of digital currency and blockchain technology while also minimizing their risk of adverse legal consequences. Additionally, policymakers seeking to enforce current legislations or wishing to draft appropriate new regulations in the digital currency and blockchain economy will also benefit from the information provided in this book.
