Download or read book The Vetiver System for Improving Water Quality written by Paul Truong and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2008 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Vetiver System relies on a unique tropical plant, vetiver grass. that has been proven and used in some 100 countries for soil and water conservation, slope stabilization, land rehabilitation, pollution control, water quality improvement, disaster mitigation and many other environmental applications that can mitigate the impact of global warming and climate change. The world and its people, particularly in the poorer countries located in tropical and semi tropical countries, face major environmental and health problems due to the contamination of water and land. The Vetiver System provides one solution to deal with these problems. This well color illustrated handbook focuses on improving water quality, and has been written for planners, technicians, and communities to show how the technology has been used in the recent past and how it can be used in the future.
Download or read book The Vetiver System for Improving Water Quality written by Paul Truong and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2015-12-01 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, originally published in 2008, has been completely revised to reflect the significant gains in knowledge, both research and field experience, that has occurred in most parts of the tropics and semi-tropics over the past seven years relating to phytoremedial applications of the Vetiver System. Over that time Vetiver System applications for the decontamination or containment of polluted water and land has shown significant success, and as a result there is a growing interest in its application for the mitigation of many water/land related problems that are nowadays often overwhelming communities, both rural and urban, due to poverty, population pressures, lack of public financing, and climate change. The applications described in this book can be used at various scales by a very wide range of users, and have particular potential for providing the means for communities to create resilience to climate change and environmental disaster, at low cost (often independent from formal public services), that will allow a more secure and better quality of life. An important objective of this is to introduce the Vetiver System to planners, design engineers and other potential users, who continue to be unaware of the effectiveness of the Vetiver System for improving water quality, particularly that associated with effluent discharge and leachate flows from industrial sites, contaminated mining sites, polluted urban/domestic waste water, and sadly and more too often agro-chemical contaminated farm land. The book is well illustrated with many color photos, figures, and tables that support the text.
Download or read book The Vetiver System for Agriculture written by Paul Truong and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2008 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Vetiver System (VS) relies on a unique tropical plant, vetiver grass, which has been proven and used in some 100 countries for soil and water conservation, slope stabilization, land rehabilitation, pollution control, water quality improvement, disaster mitigation and many other environmental applications that can mitigate the impact of global warming and climate change. The Vetiver System is easy to use, low cost, and, if applied correctly, works! This handbook describes its most important uses for the agricultural sector where its should be a key farm technology for farmers of any scale, but particularly small farmers and rural communities in tropical and sub-tropical countries, where it could change the lives of many thousands of people through the provision of a better quality of life and income benefits. At this time of approaching global food shortages and high food prices the the Vetiver System should be considered and used by every farmer in the tropics.
Download or read book Vetiver Grass written by John C. Greenfield and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1990 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook has been prepared to support fieldworkers and farmers in developing vegetative systems of soil and mositure conservation that will meet the requirements of small farmers in developing countries, most of whom reside in the tropics and semitropics. Experience has shown that conventional systems of earth bunds or terraces on small farms are expensive and in many cases, especially in modern times, ineffective. When applied correctly, vegetative systems of soil and mositure conservation - particulary the system of hedges of vetiver grass described in this handbook - have proved cheaper and more effective.
Download or read book Vetiver Grass written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1993-02-01 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For developing nations, soil erosion is among the most chronic environmental and economic burdens. Vast amounts of topsoil are washed or blown away from arable land only to accumulate in rivers, reservoirs, harbors, and estuaries, thereby creating a double disaster: a vital resource disappears from where it is desperately needed and is deposited where it is equally unwanted. Despite much rhetoric and effort, little has been done to overcome this problem. Vetiver, a little-known tropical grass, offers one practical and inexpensive way to control erosion on a huge scale in both humid and semi-arid regions. Hedges of this deeply rooted species catch and hold back sediments while the stiff foliage acts as a filter that also slows runoff and keeps moisture on site. This book assesses vetiver's promise and limitations and identifies places where this grass can be deployed without undue environmental risk.
Download or read book Hybridized Technologies for the Treatment of Mining Effluents written by Elvis Fosso-Kankeu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-07-19 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: HYBRIDIZIED TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE TREATMENT OF MINING EFFLUENTS The main goal of this book is to review the principles, development, and performances of hybridized technologies that have been used for the treatment of mine effluents. Recent developments consist of the integration/hybridization of technologies to achieve the effective removal of pollutants from acid mine drainage (AMD) effluents in a stepwise manner such as to ensure that the cost of the process is minimized, and the resulting water is fit for purpose. This book presents eight specialized chapters that provide a state-of-the-art review of the different hybridized technologies that have been developed over the years for the treatment of mine effluent, including AMD. The successful implementation and challenges of these technologies are highlighted to give the reader a perspective on the management of such waste in the mining industry. In this innovative book, readers will be introduced to The limitations of passive and active treatment processes as stand-alone technologies while appraising the functioning and performances of these technologies when combined to address their challenges; The numerous approaches that have been considered over the years for effective combination of these technologies are explored taking into account their successful implementation at large scale as well as the long-term sustainability. Audience This book will be of interest to academic researchers from the fields of environment, chemistry, engineering, mineral processing, hydrometallurgy, geochemistry, and professionals including mining plant operators, environmental managers in the industries, water treatment plants managers and operators, water authorities, government regulatory bodies officers and environmentalists.
Download or read book Phytoremediation Potential of Perennial Grasses written by Vimal Chandra Pandey and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-03-27 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phytoremediation Potential of Perennial Grasses provides readers with the knowledge to select specific perennial grass species according to site-specific needs. In addition, it demonstrates the potential opportunities for grass-based phytoremediation to yield phytoproducts, especially biomass-based bioenergy and aromatic essential oils as a green economy while in the process of remediating contaminated sites. The book brings together recent and established knowledge on different aspects of grass-based phytoremediation, providing this information in a single source that offers a cutting-edge synthesis of scientific and experiential knowledge on polluted site restoration that is useful for both practitioners and scientists in environmental science and ecology. Provides a holistic approach to grass-based phytoremediation, covering the ecological, economic and social issues related to its management Addresses the key role that grass-based phytoremediation plays in maintaining ecosystem services in polluted sites Includes strategies to mitigate costs related to the phytoremediation of polluted sites
Download or read book Vetiver System Applications Technical Reference Manual Second Edition Color written by Paul Truong and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2008-04 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Vetiver System relies on a unique tropical plant, Vetiver grass - "Chrysopogon zizanioides", that is proven and used in some 100 countries for soil and water conservation, slope stabilization, land rehabilitation, pollution control, water quality improvement, disaster mitigation and many other environmental applications that can mitigate the impact of global warming and climate change. It has future potential for atmospheric carbon sequestration (carbon exchange credits) and as bio-fuel for power generation and cellulosic ethanol. The Vetiver System is easy to use, low cost and if applied correctly works! This manual describes its most important uses and the technology behind it. This second edition of the manual has full color images and corrects a number of errors in the first edition.
Download or read book The Vetiver System for Slope Stabilization written by Paul Truong and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2008-06 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Vetiver System (VS) relies on a unique tropical plant, vetiver grass, which has been proven and used in some 100 countries for soil and water conservation, slope stabilization, land rehabilitation, pollution control, water quality improvement, disaster mitigation and many other environmental applications that can mitigate the impact of global warming and climate change. The Vetiver System is easy to use, low cost and if applied correctly works! This handbook describes its most important uses for infrastructure protection and disaster mitigation through the Vetiver System's application for slope stabilization. It is based on 20 years of research and actual applications for the stabilization of highways, railways, canals, river banks, building sites, and flood control levees, sea dikes, and land slide sites.
Download or read book Biodegradation Technology of Organic and Inorganic Pollutants written by Kassio Ferreira Mendes and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2022-04-20 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bioremediation technologies for environments contaminated by organic and inorganic pollutants are a major focus of researchers and scientists worldwide. The chemical control of agricultural pests and advocacy for sustainable agriculture have led to the development of new paradigms in environmental remediation. This book covers recent advances in the bioremediation technology of organic and inorganic pollutants in the environment.
Download or read book Vetiveria written by Massimo Maffei and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-01-17 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vetiveria is one of the most versatile genera in plant kingdom. For example, the species Vetiveria zizanoides produces oderous roots from which a precious essential oil is distilled and used in a variety of applications from perfumery to ethnopharmacology. The same roots give the plant particular characteristics that make it a valuable natural barr
Download or read book The Vetiver System For Soil And Water Conservation written by John C. Greenfield and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2008-06-05 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is handbook is a based on John Greenfield's earlier book -Vetiver Grass: The Hedge Against Erosion. It updates the text and matches actual photographic examples of Vetiver System applications against the original line drawings. The handbook remains primarily a handbook for "lay" users interested in basic soil and water conservation practices using the Vetiver System. It is simply written and contains enough information and facts so that even the least technically educated users can confidently read, apply, and achieve good results. We have gone a long way with the Vetiver System since John Greenfield wrote the first handbook in 1987. However the same basic principles apply, and the technology remains low cost, effective and easy to use. The technology is used in every tropical and subtropical country in the world as well as some countries outside the tropics.
Download or read book Phytotechnologies written by Naser A. Anjum and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-10-23 with total page 621 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phytotechnologies: Remediation of Environmental Contaminants highlights the use of natural and inherent traits of plants and associated microbes to exclude, accumulate, or metabolize a variety of contaminants, with the goal of efficiently and sustainably decontaminating the biosphere from unwanted hazardous compounds. Contributed by an international team of authors, the book ensures a balance between theory and practice without compromising the basic conceptual framework of Phytotechnologies. Divided into three major sections, the book: Introduces contaminants and contaminated sites, and also highlights the significance of genus Brassica and vetiver grass species for varied environmental contaminants’ remediation Presents an exhaustive exploration of potential strategies for enhancing plants and associated microbes-mediated environmental contaminants’ remediation Overviews major physiological, biochemical, and genetic-molecular mechanisms responsible for plant tolerance and adaptation to varied environmental contaminants A one-stop source of cutting edge answers and time-saving access, Phytotechnologies: Remediation of Environmental Contaminants is a common platform for engineers, environmental microbiologists, plant physiologists, and molecular biologists with the common aim of sustainable solutions to vital environmental issues. In short, the book provides a conceptual overview of ecosystems approaches and phytotechnologies, and their cumulative significance in relation to various environmental problems and potential solutions.
Download or read book Water and Nutrient Management in Natural and Constructed Wetlands written by Jan Vymazal and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-23 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural and constructed wetlands play a very important role within the landscape and their ecological services are highly valuable. Water management, including flood water retention, biomass production, carbon sequestration, wastewater treatment and as a biodiversity source are among the most important ecological services of wetlands. In order to provide these services, wetlands need to be properly evaluated, protected and maintained. This book provides results of the latest research in wetland science around the world. Chapters deal with such topics as the use of constructed wetlands for treatment of various types of wastewater, use of constructed wetlands in agroforestry, wetland hydrology and evapotranspiration, the effect of wetlands on landscape temperature, and chemical properties of wetland soils.
Download or read book THE ABIOTIC STRESS RESPONSE OF HYDROPONIC VETIVER GRASS Chrysopogon Zizanioides L TO ACID MINE DRAINAGE AND ITS POTENTIAL FOR ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract : Mining activities can generate acid mine drainage (AMD), an acidic discharge that contains elevated sulfate (SO42−), soluble metals, and orange-yellow metal-containing particulates. AMD imposes ecological risks from metal toxicity and physical stress, which may physically spread to nearby water sources or biologically through bioaccumulation. Current methods for AMD treatment, such as chemical or passive biological treatments, are often non-sustainable. Chemical treatments can be expensive and create large amounts of secondary waste, whereas biological treatments like anaerobic wetlands require continuous maintenance through input of organic nutrients. The end goal of this research is to develop a cost-efficient and sustainable floating treatment wetland (FTW) system to remediate AMD-impacted waters from the abandoned Tab-Simco mining site in Southern Illinois. AMD from the site is acidic, having a pH of 2 to 3, with elevated amounts of SO42−, Fe, Al, Mn, Zn and lower amounts of various other metals. Vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides) is a non-invasive and fast-growing plant that can grow sustainably under hydroponic conditions. Moreover, vetiver is tolerant of acidic conditions and metals, and is a known hyperaccumulator of Pb and Zn. A short-term (30-day), bench-scale experiment revealed that vetiver was tolerant of Tab-Simco AMD and able to improve water quality by increasing pH and reducing the amounts of SO42− and soluble metals. In a follow-up, year-long mesocosm experiment, vetiver plants were positioned on rafts for FTWs and suspended in 378.5-liter containers filled with 170 liters of unfiltered Tab-Simco AMD while additional plants were suspended in AMD that was passed through a plug-filter with recycled materials designed to remove metals and neutralize the water. From the unfiltered AMD, there was high net removal of SO42− (28%), Fe (81%) and Pb (81%) with lower removal of Ni (38%), Zn (35%), Mn (27%), Cr (21%), Al (11%) and Cu (8.0%). From the filtered AMD, there was little to no remaining metals, though there was high net removal of SO42− (45%). Vetiver accumulated Fe > Al > Mn > Zn > Cr > Ni > Cu > Pb. The majority of metals were localized on the root surface as Fe plaques, though Mn and Zn demonstrated greater translocation to the shoots. Moreover, vetiver biomass was deemed non-hazard following metal accumulations through TCLP. An additional year-long microcosm experiment was conducted to ensure complete root coverage by vetiver, which resulted in superior remediation with near complete removal of SO Al > Mn > Zn > Cr > Ni > Cu > Pb. The majority of metals were localized on the root surface as Fe plaques, though Mn and Zn demonstrated greater translocation to the shoots. Moreover, vetiver biomass was deemed non-hazard following metal accumulations through TCLP. An additional year-long microcosm experiment was conducted to ensure complete root coverage by vetiver, which resulted in superior remediation with near complete removal of SO Mn > Zn > Cr > Ni > Cu > Pb. The majority of metals were localized on the root surface as Fe plaques, though Mn and Zn demonstrated greater translocation to the shoots. Moreover, vetiver biomass was deemed non-hazard following metal accumulations through TCLP. An additional year-long microcosm experiment was conducted to ensure complete root coverage by vetiver, which resulted in superior remediation with near complete removal of SO Zn > Cr > Ni > Cu > Pb. The majority of metals were localized on the root surface as Fe plaques, though Mn and Zn demonstrated greater translocation to the shoots. Moreover, vetiver biomass was deemed non-hazard following metal accumulations through TCLP. An additional year-long microcosm experiment was conducted to ensure complete root coverage by vetiver, which resulted in superior remediation with near complete removal of SO Cr > Ni > Cu > Pb. The majority of metals were localized on the root surface as Fe plaques, though Mn and Zn demonstrated greater translocation to the shoots. Moreover, vetiver biomass was deemed non-hazard following metal accumulations through TCLP. An additional year-long microcosm experiment was conducted to ensure complete root coverage by vetiver, which resulted in superior remediation with near complete removal of SO Ni > Cu > Pb. The majority of metals were localized on the root surface as Fe plaques, though Mn and Zn demonstrated greater translocation to the shoots. Moreover, vetiver biomass was deemed non-hazard following metal accumulations through TCLP. An additional year-long microcosm experiment was conducted to ensure complete root coverage by vetiver, which resulted in superior remediation with near complete removal of SO Cu > Pb. The majority of metals were localized on the root surface as Fe plaques, though Mn and Zn demonstrated greater translocation to the shoots. Moreover, vetiver biomass was deemed non-hazard following metal accumulations through TCLP. An additional year-long microcosm experiment was conducted to ensure complete root coverage by vetiver, which resulted in superior remediation with near complete removal of SO Pb. The majority of metals were localized on the root surface as Fe plaques, though Mn and Zn demonstrated greater translocation to the shoots. Moreover, vetiver biomass was deemed non-hazard following metal accumulations through TCLP. An additional year-long microcosm experiment was conducted to ensure complete root coverage by vetiver, which resulted in superior remediation with near complete removal of SO42− (91%) and most metals (90-100%) with the exception of Pb (15%) and Cu (0.0%). These remediation experiments demonstrate that vetiver can effectively improve AMD-impacted waters; however, little was known about tolerance mechanisms. Therefore, metabolomic analysis of vetiver was conducted over relatively short-term (7-days) and long-term (56-days) periods of exposure to Tab-Simco AMD. After long-term exposure, vetiver shoots showed dramatic upregulation of amino acid (AA) and glutathione metabolism, along with respiration and photosynthesis pathways, and downregulation of phosphorylated metabolites. There was drastic downregulation of phosphorylated metabolites in the roots, particularly with phospholipids, as well as respiration, glyoxylate and AA metabolism. It was suggested that oxidative stress, resource deprivation (nitrogen and phosphorus), and dehydration were among the main forms of abiotic stress.
Download or read book Salinity and Water Stress written by M. Ashraf and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-12-26 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Salinity and water stress limit crop productivity worldwide and generate substantial economic losses each year, yet innovative research on crop and natural resource management can reveal cost-effective ways in which farmers can increase both their productivity and their income. Presenting recent research findings on salt stress, water stress and stress-adapted plants, this book offers insights into new strategies for increasing the efficiency of crops under stressful environments. The strategies are based on conventional breeding and advanced molecular techniques used by plant physiologists, and are discussed using specific case studies to illustrate their potential. The book emphasizes the effects of environmental factors on specific stages of plant development, and discusses the role of plant growth regulators, nutrients, osmoprotectants and antioxidants in counteracting their adverse affects. Synthesising updated information on mechansisms of stress tolerance at cell, tissue and whole-plant level, this book provides a useful reference text for post graduate students and researchers involved in the fields of stress physiology and plant physiology in general, with additional readership amongst researchers in horticulture, agronomy, crop science, conservation, environmental management and ecological restoration.
Download or read book Phytoremediation written by Sughosh Madhav and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
