Download or read book The Unity of the Organism Or The Organismal Conception of Life Critique of the elementalist conception of the organism written by William Emerson Ritter and published by . This book was released on 1919 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Organism written by and published by PediaPress. This book was released on with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Aristotle s First Principles written by Terence Irwin and published by Clarendon Press. This book was released on 1989-01-12 with total page 726 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aristotle's reliance on dialectic as a method of philosophy appears to conflict with his metaphysical realist view of his conclusions. This book explores Aristotle's philosophical method and the merits of his conclusions, and shows how he defends dialectic against the objection that it cannot justify a metaphysical realist's claims. The author does not presuppose extensive previous acquaintance with Aristotle. Greek texts are translated, and Greek words transliterated.
Download or read book The Library of Original Sources 1800 1833 written by Oliver Joseph Thatcher and published by . This book was released on 1915 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Journal of Mental Science written by and published by . This book was released on 1859 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Asylum Journal of Mental Science written by and published by . This book was released on 1859 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Making Objects and Events written by Simon J. Evnine and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-07-08 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Simon J. Evnine explores the view (which he calls amorphic hylomorphism) that some objects have matter from which they are distinct but that this distinctness is not due to the existence of anything like a form. He draws on Aristotle's insight that such objects must be understood in terms of an account that links what they are essentially with how they come to exist and what their functions are (the coincidence of formal, final, and efficient causes). Artifacts are the most prominent kind of objects where these three features coincide, and Evnine develops a detailed account of the existence and identity conditions of artifacts, and the origins of their functions, in terms of how they come into existence. This process is, in general terms, that they are made out of their initial matter by an agent acting with the intention to make an object of the given kind. Evnine extends the account to organisms, where evolution accomplishes what is effected by intentional making in the case of artifacts, and to actions, which are seen as artifactual events.
Download or read book Kierkegaard and Bioethics written by Johann-Christian Põder and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-04-28 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores Kierkegaard’s significance for bioethics and discusses how Kierkegaard’s existential thinking can enrich and advance current bioethical debates. A bioethics inspired by Kierkegaard is not focused primarily on ethical codes, principles, or cases, but on the existential 'how' of our medical situation. Such a perspective focuses on the formative ethical experiences that an individual can have in relation to oneself and others when dealing with medical decisions, interventions, and information. The chapters in this volume explore questions like: What happens when medicine and bioethics meet Kierkegaard? How might Kierkegaard’s writings and thoughts contribute to contemporary issues in medicine? Do we need an existential turn in bioethics? They offer theoretical reflections on how Kierkegaard’s existential thinking might contribute to bioethics and apply Kierkegaardian concepts to debates on health and disease, predictive medicine and enhancement, mental illness and trauma, COVID-19, and gender identity. Kierkegaard and Bioethics will be of interest to scholars and advanced students working on Kierkegaard, bioethics, moral philosophy, existential ethics, religious ethics, and the medical humanities.
Download or read book The Origin and Goal of History written by Karl Jaspers and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-03-28 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Karl Jaspers (1883–1969) was a German psychiatrist and philosopher and one of the most original European thinkers of the twentieth century. As a major exponent of existentialism in Germany, he had a strong influence on modern theology, psychiatry and philosophy. He was Hannah Arendt’s supervisor before her emigration to the United States in the 1930s and himself experienced the consequences of Nazi persecution. He was removed from his position at the University of Heidelberg in 1937, due to his wife being Jewish. Published in 1949, the year in which the Federal Republic of Germany was founded, The Origin and Goal of History is a vitally important book. It is renowned for Jaspers' theory of an 'Axial Age', running from the 8th to the 3rd century BCE. Jaspers argues that this period witnessed a remarkable flowering of new ways of thinking that appeared in Persia, India, China and the Greco-Roman world, in striking parallel development but without any obvious direct cultural contact between them. Jaspers identifies key thinkers from this age, including Confucius, Buddha, Zarathustra, Homer and Plato, who had a profound influence on the trajectory of future philosophies and religions. For Jaspers, crucially, it is here that we see the flowering of diverse philosophical beliefs such as scepticism, materialism, sophism, nihilism, and debates about good and evil, which taken together demonstrate human beings' shared ability to engage with universal, humanistic questions as opposed to those mired in nationality or authoritarianism. At a deeper level, The Origin and Goal of History provides a crucial philosophical framework for the liberal renewal of German intellectual life after 1945, and indeed of European intellectual life more widely, as a shattered continent attempted to find answers to what had happened in the preceding years. This Routledge Classics edition includes a new Foreword by Christopher Thornhill.
Download or read book Natural Born Monads written by Andrea Altobrando and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2020-10-12 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We are still looking for a satisfactory definition of what makes an individual being a human individual. The understanding of human beings in terms of organism does not seem to be satisfactory, because of its reductionistic flavor. It satisfies our need for autonomy and benefits our lives thanks to its medical applications, but it disappoints our needs for conscious and free, self-determination. For similar reasons, i.e. because of its anti-libertarian tone, an organicistic understanding of the relationship between individual and society has also been rejected, although no truly satisfactory alternative for harmonizing individual and social wellness has been put forth. Thus, a reassessment of the very concepts of individual and organism is needed. In this book, the authors present a specific line of thought which started with Leibniz' concept of monad in 17th century, continued through Kant and Hegel, and as a result reached the first Eastern country to attempt to assimilate, as well as confront, with Western philosophy and sciences, i.e. Japan. The line of thought we are tracing has gone on to become one the main voices in current debates in the philosophy of biology, as well as philosophical anthropology, and social philosophy. As a whole, the volume offers a both historical, and systematic account of one specific understanding of individuals and their environment, which tries to put together its natural embedding, as well as its dialectical nature. Such a historical, systematic map will also allow to better evaluate how life sciences impact our view of our individual lives, of human activities, of institutions, politics, and, finally, of humankind in general.
Download or read book Instinct in the Cell and Organism written by Peter Cook and published by . This book was released on 1926 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pathways to the Origin and Evolution of Meanings in the Universe written by Alexei A. Sharov and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2024-04-02 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pathways to the Origin and Evolition of Meanings in the Universe The book explains why meaning is a part of the universe populated by life, and how organisms generate meanings and then use them for creative transformation of the environment and themselves. This book focuses on interdisciplinary research at the intersection of biology, semiotics, philosophy, ethology, information theory, and the theory of evolution. Such a broad approach provides a rich context for the study of organisms and other semiotic agents in their environments. This methodology can be applied to robotics and artificial intelligence for developing robust, adaptable learning devices. In this book, leading interdisciplinary scholars reveal their vision on how to integrate natural sciences with semiotics, a theory of meaning-making and signification. Developments in biology indicate that the capacity to create and understand signs is not limited to humans or vertebrate animals, but exists in all living organisms - the fact that inspired the integration of biology and semiotics into biosemiotics. The authors discuss the nature of semiotic agents (organisms and other autonomous goal-directed units), meaning, signs, information, memory, evolution, and consciousness. Also discussed are issues including the origin of life, potential meaning and its actualization, top-down causality in physics and biology, capacity of organisms to encode their functions, the strategy of organisms to combine homeostasis with direct adaptation to new life-cycle phases or new environments, multi-level memory systems, increase of freedom via enabling constraints, creative modeling in evolution and learning, communication in animals and humans, the origin and function of language, and the distribution and transfer of life in space. This is the first book on biosemiotics in its global conceptual and spatial scope. Biosemiotics is presented using the language of natural sciences, which supports the scientific grounding of semiotic terms. Finally, the cosmic dimension of life and meaning-making leads to a reconsideration of ethical principles and ecological mentality here on earth and in space exploration. Audience Theoretical biologists, ethologists, astrobiologists, ecologists, evolutionary biologists, philosophers, phenomenologists, semioticians, biosemioticians, molecular biologists, linguists, system scientists and engineers.
Download or read book Personal Identity and Applied Ethics written by Andrea Sauchelli and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-10 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Soul', 'self', ‘substance’ and 'person' are just four of the terms often used to refer to the human individual. Cutting across metaphysics, ethics, and religion the nature of personal identity is a fundamental and long-standing puzzle in philosophy. Personal Identity and Applied Ethics introduces and examines different conceptions of the self, our nature, and personal identity and considers the implications of these for applied ethics. A key feature of the book is that it discusses a range of different approaches to personal identity; philosophical, religious and cross-cultural, including perspectives from non-Western traditions. Within this comparative framework, Andrea Sauchelli examines the following topics: Early views of the soul in Plato, Christianity and Descartes The Buddhist 'no-self' views and the self as a fiction Confucian ideas of our nature and the importance of self-cultivation as constitutive of the self Locke's theory of personal identity as continuity of consciousness and memory and objections by Butler and Reid as well as contemporary critics The theory of 'animalism' and arguments concerning embodied theories of personal identity Practical and narrative theories of personal identity and moral agency Personal identity and issues in applied ethics, including abortion, organ transplantation, and the idea of life after death Implications of life-extending technologies for personal identity. Throughout the book Sauchelli also considers the views of important recent philosophers such as Sydney Shoemaker, Bernard Williams, Derek Parfit, Marya Schechtman and Christine Korsgaard, placing these in helpful historical context. Chapter summaries, a glossary of key terms, and suggestions for further reading make this a refreshing, approachable introduction to personal identity and applied ethics. It is an ideal text for courses on personal identity that consider both western and non-western approaches and that apply theories of personal identity to ethical problems. It will also be of interest to those in related subjects such as religious studies and history of ideas.
Download or read book The Library of Original Sources Volume VIII 1800 1833 written by Oliver J. Thatcher and published by The Minerva Group, Inc.. This book was released on 2004-06 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CONTENTS:FranklinTo Those Who Would Remove to AmericaWinterbothamThe Prospects and Advantages of an European Settler in the United StatesHamiltonThe Powers of the Supreme CourtThe Policy of ProtectionThe Kentucky Resolutions 1798The Virginia Resolutions 1798Kentucky Resolution of 1799The Treaty Ceding LouisianaJefferson on the Louisiana PurchaseMarshall on the Constitutionality of ExpansionQuincyAgainst the Admission of LouisianaThe Hartford Convention. ReportClayThe American Policy of Internal ImprovementMarshallThe Supreme Court Superior to State LegislaturesNational Law Superior to State Law. The Doctrine of Implied PowersThe Supreme Court the Final Judge of the Construction of the ConstitutionBentonThe Revision of the Tariff of 1828 and the Rise of the Doctrine of NullificationCalhounAddress on the Relation of the States and the General Government 1831HayneThe Doctrine of NullificationWebsterThe Supreme Court the Final ArbiterThe Nullification Ordinance. OrdinanceJacksonProclamation Against NullificationClayThe Compromise of 1833MonroeThe Monroe Doctrine 1823MalthusAn Essay on the Principle of PopulationRicardoTheory of RentFichteOutlines of the Doctrine of KnowledgeSchelling and HegelHegel, The Development of SpiritSchopenhauerThe Will in NatureComteThe Positive PhilosophyDavyThe Decomposition of the Alkalies by ElectrolysisDaltonOn the Constitution of BodiesOn Chemical SynthesisGay-LussacMemoir on the Combination of Gaseous Substances with Each OtherAvogadroThe Molecules in Gases Proportional to the VolumesFaradayOn Fluid ChlorineBichatThe Doctrine of TissuesJennekAn Inquiry (The Theory of Vaccination)LamarckEvolution by UseCuvierThe Mutual Relations of Forms in Organized BeingsBellOn the Nervous CircleCount RumfordThe Nature of HeatYoungOn the Interference of Light
Download or read book Romantic Biology 1890 1945 written by Maurizio Esposito and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-10-06 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, Esposito presents a historiography of organicist and holistic thought through an examination of the work of leading biologists from Britain and America. He shows how this work relates to earlier Romantic tradition and sets it within the wider context of the history and philosophy of the life sciences.
Download or read book Encyclopaedia medica v 2 1899 written by and published by . This book was released on 1899 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
