Download or read book The Treatment of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Fiber for Subsequent Use as Substrate for Cellulase Production by Aspergillus Terreus Suk 1 written by Norhayati Abu Bakar and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cellulases are important in industrial enzyme which is a main part in industrial process such as in bio-bleaching and bioethanol production. Nowadays, our country encourages the production of bioethanol from the biomass material such as oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber in order to enhance the resources of ethanol production and reduce the cost.In this project, oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber was used as a substrate for the production of cellulase enzyme by Aspergillus terreus SUK-1. In order to enhance the cellulase production, pretreatment on substrate are performed with different type of methods. Comparison results of cellulase enzyme production are determined between the substrate which is pretreated with acid and alkaline pretreatment. The effect of steam explosion on the substrate also was identified in shaking flask fermentation. From the experimental work, it was found that the highest xylanase and carboxymethylcellulase activity was in fermentation of acid treated substrate than alkali treated substrate and untreated substrate It also found that by autoclaved the substrate with chemicals produced the highest cellulase enzyme with value 0.167836U/ml for xylanase and 0.3534U/ml for carboxymethylcellulase.
Download or read book Production of Cellulase by Several Fungal Strains Using Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Fiber as Substrate written by Julia Ibrahim and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Characterization and Optimization of Cellulase Production by Aspergillus Using Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Fibre in Submerged Culture written by Mahdi Shahriarinour and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cellulolytic Hydrolysis of Empty Fruit Bunch EFB of Oil Palm written by J. Kader and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydrolysis of EFB was studied using crude enzyme from Aspergillus terreus SUL-1 as well as commercial enzyme from Trichoderma reesai and Aspergillus niger. Hydrolysis was performed at 50 C but sugar yield dropped significantly when commercial enzymes of T. reesei was used and the hydrolysis time extended beyonf 24 hrs. Low sugar yield was obtained from the hydrolysis of EFB. Glucose concentrations of 0.25 % and 0.5 % caused significant inhibition on the crude enzyme. Glucose was found to be a competitive inhibitor, with a Ki value of 3.33 mM when x-cellulose was used as a substrate.Contrary to the results with crude enzyme, glucose inhibition was found to have little effect on the commercial enzymes. [Authors abstract].
Download or read book Production of Cellulase Enzyme from Aspergillus Terreues SUK 1 Using Sugar Cane Waste written by Mohd. Nazip Kassebullah and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural by product of agricultural waste can be turned to products of commercial interests such as ethanol, glucose and single cell protein. Much effort from scientists and researches all around the world has been put to extend the full use of agricultural waste. Reports of cellulase enzyme production from the bioconversion of lignocellulosics materials has much been made. However there is still much space to find the most suitable condition. In this research, sugar cane bagasse which is used as substrate is subjected to physical treatment using milling and grinding. After that, sugar cane bagasse is use as substrate in the production of cellulase enzyme using Aspergillus terreus SUK-1 fungus. Cellulase enzyme production was studied using submerged fermentation under shaking. The production was run in a lab scale using Erlenmeyer flask only. After that the enzyme was assayed at different temperature. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of substrate concentration on yield of cellulase and the optimum temperature where the yield of enzyme was the highest. Analysis is based on the activity of carboxymethylcellulase and xylanase enzymes. Result shows that the peak of xylanase activities was 0.011322 U/ml on day 5 using 5g SCB as substrate and fermentation temperature of 50°C while carboxymethylcellulase peak was 0.007985049 U/ml of activity using 3g SCB as substrate and fermentation temperature of 40°C. Xylanase activity was high when assayed at 50°C while carboxymethylcellulase activity was high when assayed at 40°C.
Download or read book Optimization of Cellulase Production by Chaetomium Globosum Strain 414 Using Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Fibre as Substrate written by Umi Kalsom Md. Shah and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches OPEFB Alternative Fibre Source for Papermaking written by Akpan Noah and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Elaeis guineensis (oil palm) is one of the most economical perennial oil crops for its valuable oil-producing fruits in tropical regions such as West Africa and South-East Asia. During oil extraction process, these fruits are usually stripped from the fruit bunches leaving behind empty bunches to be discarded as residues. Thus, empty fruit bunches (EFB) of Elaeis guineensis are usually considered as waste in the oil palm industry. The abundance of oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) has created enormous environmental issue, ranging from fouling, attraction of pests, greenhouse gas emissions to soil acidification, thus posing very serious threats to humans and the environment. Globally, in 2014 alone, over 22.4 million tons of EFB were estimated to have been produced. Therefore, exploring eco-friendly disposal methods and productive utilisation of oil palm EFB as alternative fibrous material for papermaking becomes imperative in converting waste to wealth, and initiating environmental wellness. Elaeis guineensis empty fruit bunch (EFB) fibre on the average measures 0.99¬†Œom in length, while the fibre diameter and cell wall thickness are 19.1¬†Œom and 3.38¬†Œom respectively. Fibres of EFB are of ligno-cellulosic materials, consisting on the average of an estimated cellulosic content of 30,Äì50%, 15,Äì35% of hemicelluloses and the lignin constituting about 20,Äì30% of extractive-free fibre. The rich cellulose base of EFB fibre makes Elaeis guineensis a good potential resource for papermaking furnish moreso that the pulp and paper industry is often referred to as the cellulose industry. Every 5 tons of EFB gives 1 ton of pulp for papermaking. This book chapter will therefore attempt to examine the fibre morphological characteristics of oil palm empty fruit bunch, the chemical properties of EFB fibre, papermaking potentials of empty fruit bunches and ultimately their impact on the environment.
Download or read book Comprehensive Biotechnology The principles of biotechnology written by Murray Moo-Young and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1985 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biotechnology is defined as the evaluation and use of biological agents and materials in the production of goods and services for industry, trade and commerce. In this four-volume set there are two main divisions of the subject matter: an academic coverage of the disciplinary underpinnings of the field in Volumes 1 and 2, followed by a practical view of the various processes and products in Volumes 3 and 4. In the integration of these two areas, other common factors dealing with product quality, process economics and government policies are introduced at appropriate points throughout all four volumes. Volume 1 specifically delineates and integrates the unifying multidisciplinary principles in terms of relevant genetic, biological, chemical and biochemical fundamentals. As in the other volumes, a glossary of terms and nomenclature guidelines is included to assist both the beginner and the non-specialist.
Download or read book Current Developments in Solid state Fermentation written by Ashok Pandey and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-09-16 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the period of last two decades, there has been significant resurgence in solid-state fermentation due to the numerous benefits it offers, especially in the engineering and environmental aspects. SSF has shown much promise in the development of several bioprocesses and products. This resurgence gained further momentum during the last 5-6 years with the developments in fundamental and applied aspects. A good deal of information has been generated in published literature and patented information. Several commercial ventures have come up based on SSF in different parts of the world. The contents are organized into four parts: Part 1 deals with the General and Fundamentals aspects of SSF; Part 2 deals with the production of bulk chemicals and products such as enzymes, organic acids, spores and mushrooms in SSF; Part 3 is on the use of SSF for specialty chemicals such as gibberellic acid, antibiotics and other pharmaceutically valuable secondary metabolites, pigments, and aroma compounds; Part 4 deals with the use of SSF miscellaneous application such as SSF for food and feed applications, agro-industrial residues as substrates in SSF and the production of silage and vermicompost.
Download or read book Bio valorization of Waste written by Shachi Shah and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-02-19 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the concept and methods of waste management with a new approach of biological valorization. Waste valorization is a process that aims to reduce, reuse, and recycle the waste into usable, value-added, and environmental benign raw materials which can be a source of energy. The book brings together comprehensive information to assert that waste can be converted into a resource or a raw material for value addition. Waste valorization imbibes the natural recycling principles of zero waste, loop closing, and underlines the importance of sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives. Drawing upon research and examples from around the world, the book is offering an up-to-date account, and insight into the contours of waste valorization principles, biovalorization technologies for diverse group of wastes including agricultural, municipal, and industrial waste. It further discusses the emerging paradigms of waste valorization, waste biorefineries, valorization technologies for energy, biofuel, and biochemical production. The book meets the growing global needs for a comprehensive and holistic outlook on waste management. It is of interest to teachers, researchers, scientists, capacity builders and policymakers. Also, the book serves as additional reading material for undergraduate and graduate students of biotechnology and environmental sciences.
Download or read book Principles and Applications of Environmental Biotechnology for a Sustainable Future written by Ram Lakhan Singh and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-10-14 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook on Environmental Biotechnology not only presents an unbiased overview of the practical biological approaches currently employed to address environmental problems, but also equips readers with a working knowledge of the science that underpins them. Starting with the fundamentals of biotechnology, it subsequently provides detailed discussions of global environmental problems including microbes and their interaction with the environment, xenobiotics and their remediation, solid waste management, waste water treatment, bioreactors, biosensors, biomining and biopesticides. This book also covers renewable and non-renewable bioenergy resources, biodiversity and its conservation, and approaches to monitoring biotechnological industries, genetically modified microorganism and foods so as to increase awareness. All chapters are written in a highly accessible style, and each also includes a short bibliography for further research. In summary this textbook offers a valuable asset, allowing students, young researchers and professionals in the biotechnology industry to grasp the basics of environmental biotechnology.
Download or read book Bionanocomposites written by Carole Aimé and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-09-05 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beginning with a general overview of nanocomposites, Bionanocomposites: Integrating Biological Processes for Bio-inspired Nanotechnologies details the systems available in nature (nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids) that can be integrated within suitable inorganic matrices for specific applications. Describing the relationship between architecture, hierarchy and function, this book aims at pointing out how bio-systems can be key components of nanocomposites. The text then reviews the design principles, structures, functions and applications of bionanocomposites. It also includes a section presenting related technical methods to help readers identify and understand the most widely used analytical tools such as mass spectrometry, calorimetry, and impedance spectroscopy, among others.
Download or read book Corynebacterium glutamicum written by Nami Tatsumi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-08-14 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corynebacterium glutamicum was discovered in Japan in 1956 as a natural glutamate producer. Its “microbial factory” qualities, such as its physiological plasticity and robust catalytic functionalities, have since facilitated the development of efficient production processes for amino acids, nucleotides and vitamins. This monograph illustrates how the information gleaned from complete genome sequencing allows the rational engineering of the entire cellular metabolism and how systems biology permits the further optimization of C. glutamicum as a biocatalyst. Aspects of gene regulation, metabolic pathways, sugar uptake, protein secretion, cell division and biorefinery applications highlight the enormous biotechnological and biorefinery potential.
Download or read book Recent Advancement in White Biotechnology Through Fungi written by Ajar Nath Yadav and published by Springer. This book was released on 2020-10-14 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last decade considerable progress has been made in white biotechnology research and further major scientific and technological breakthroughs are expected in the future. The first large-scale industrial applications of modern biotechnology have been in the areas of food and animal feed production (agricultural/green biotechnology) and in pharmaceuticals (medical/red biotechnology). In contrast, the productions of bioactive compounds through fermentation or enzymatic conversion are known as industrial or white biotchnology. The fungi are ubiquitous in nature and have been sorted out from different habitats, including extreme environments (high temperature, low temperature, salinity and pH); and associated with plants (Epiphytic, Endophytic and Rhizospheric). The fungal strains are beneficial as well as harmful for human beings. The beneficial fungal strains may play important roles in the agricultural, industrial, and medical sectors. The fungal strains and its product (enzymes, bioactive compounds, and secondary metabolites) are very useful for industry (e.g., the discovery of penicillin from Penicillium chrysogenum). This discovery was a milestone in the development of white biotechnology as the industrial production of penicillin and antibiotics using fungi moved industrial biotechnology into the modern era, transforming it into a global industrial technology. Since then, white biotechnology has steadily developed and now plays a key role in several industrial sectors providing both high value nutraceutical and pharmaceutical products. The fungal strains and bioactive compounds also play an important role in environmental cleaning. This volume covers the latest research developments related to value-added products in white biotechnology through fungi.
Download or read book Microbial Diversity written by T. Satyanarayana and published by I. K. International Pvt Ltd. This book was released on 2005 with total page 1159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbial Diversity: Current Perspectives and Potential Applications is woven around the recent global perceptions of microbial diversity in its all embracing facets. Diversity perspectives are discussed in the context of ecosystem dynamics, taking into consideration environments that are rather unique to microorganisms. Considerable thrust is placed on the role that microorganisms play in sustainable production systems. Microbe-plant interaction arena is highlighted through the discussion of mycorrhizal partners, on which depends not only the plant community structure but also abatement of abiotic and biotic stresses. Other mutualist, rhizobia gets its due coverage whereas plant disease component carries examples from both, fungal and viral disease point of view. Considerable emphasis is placed on a discussion of the environmental issues such as the approaches that will lead to newer bioremediation technologies. No discussion of microbial diversity is complete without their implications in animal and human health. Discussed in this context are L-arginases in cancer therapy as also bioactives from cyanobacteria. Genomics and pathogenicity of two groups of viruses, viz., blue tongue and flaviviruses is highlighted whereas keratinophilic fungal forms are discussed in the context of dermatophytic infections. This volume also carries a fair number of articles on commercial microbiology.
Download or read book Biochemistry and Genetics of Cellulose Degradation written by Jean-Paul Aubert and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume reviews basic research into the biochemistry and genetics of lignocellulose biodegradation; the breakdown of cellulose containing products utilizing microorganisms. This topic has received much attention of late because of possibilities for the biotechnology industry and because it is hoped that advances in the field will make a contribution to the energy crisis by utilizing biomass. However, there remains a good deal of basic research still to be done before full exploitation can be achieved.
Download or read book Current Status and Future Scope of Microbial Cellulases written by Deepak K. Tuli and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-04-01 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current Status and Future Scope of Microbial Cellulases not only explores the present and future of cellulase production, it also compares solid state fermentation (SSF) and submerged fermentation (SMF) for cellulase production. Chapters explore bioprocess engineering, metabolic engineering and genetic engineering approaches for enhanced cellulase production, including the application of cellulase for biofuel production. This important resource presents current technical status and the future direction of advances in cellulase production, including application of cellulases in different sectors. - Covers the present industrial scenarios and future prospect of cellulase production - Describes the molecular structure of cellulase - Explores genetic engineering, metabolic engineering and other approaches for improved cellulase production - Includes different applications of cellulases, including their application in the bioenergy sector
