Download or read book Trade and Culture written by Patricia M. Goff and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-12-18 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Governments that seek to liberalize trade can find that doing so is often in tension with their desire to achieve the objectives of cultural policy. This is because measures like local content requirements can seem like discriminatory practices when viewed through the lens of trade liberalization. This tension has prompted a long-standing debate, with great variation in how countries have approached it. Trade and Culture: The Ongoing Debate explores this variation across geographic space. It also seeks to explain the evolution in these various policies over time. Policies are not static, largely due to domestic politics, shifts in the international trading system and technological developments. The chapters in this volume explore the different approaches to the trade and culture debate and provide an up-to-date look at current versions of these policies in Canada, the European Union, South Africa, Latin America, South Korea, the United States and China. This book will be of great value to scholars and researchers interested in cultural policies and the politics of international trade. This book was originally published as a special issue of the International Journal of Cultural Policy.
Download or read book The Trade and Culture Debate written by Gilbert Gagné and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: US trade agreements entail the wide-ranging liberalization of cultural products and significant constraints on the ability of states' parties to pursue cultural policies as a result. This book explains the strategies and means by which the government of the United States secures its policy preferences on the treatment of cultural products, with key implications for the evolution of the trade and culture debate.
Download or read book The Trade and Culture Debate written by Gilbert Gagne and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2016-10-17 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the first exporter of cultural goods and services, the United States has long held that such products should be treated like any other merchandise and be liberalized. On the other hand, for countries such as France and Canada who are concerned about the impact of economic globalization and the digital revolution on their cultural identity, cultural products should be exempted from economic liberalization or subject to a cultural exception. conflicting views and interests between states as to the treatment of cultural products in international economic law lie at the hearth of the trade and culture debate. These differences have led to serious tensions over the liberalization of cultural services within the World Trade Organization, as well as to a Convention within UNESCO to recognize the economic and cultural character of cultural products and the states’ right to pursue cultural policies. With most states still not keen on liberalizing the cultural sector and the stalemate in the Doha Round, the United States has turned to preferential trade agreements to secure its policy preferences on the treatment of cultural products. Since the beginning of the twenty-first century, the US government has concluded eleven trade agreements grouping sixteen countries and has been involved in three sets of plurilateral negotiations, with major implications for the evolution of the trade and culture debate.
Download or read book The Culture and Trade Debate from the Exception Culturelle Via Cultural Diversity to the Creative Economy What s Law Got to Do with It written by Rostam J. Neuwirth and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout the 20th century, the culture and trade debate evolved with the emergence of related concepts, such as cultural industries, cultural specificity, and cultural diversity. Traditionally, the dominant regulatory method in approaching the relationship between cultural concerns, on the one hand, and of trade concerns, on the other, consisted in the formulation of general or particular exceptions aimed at separating culture from trade. Only gradually, and backed by drastic advances in technologies affecting the cultural industries, the traditional regulatory method shifted towards a more inclusive approach by virtue of the use of so-called “integration clauses”. Put briefly, the dominant approach changed from one of “exclusive inclusion” towards one of “inclusive exclusion”, given that the greater integration of cultural concerns in commercial contexts at the level of substantive law was, at the international level, not matched by a major shift towards greater institutional coherence. The recent concept of the “creative economy” can thus be regarded as a new opportunity to rethink not only the scope and content of the cultural and trade debate but also the principal features of the role of law in tackling the challenges that lie ahead.
Download or read book The Trade and Culture Debate in the Digital Age written by Zhijie Chen and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "The Trade and Culture Debate in the Digital Age: Towards an Adaptive Regulatory Approach From Fragmentation to Coherence" by Zhijie, Chen, 陈志杰, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: The trade and culture debate has been a tension with a long history and yet with indefinite result. The essence of the debate is the dual nature of cultural products (goods/services), which embodies the commercial value and cultural value simultaneously and seems not easy to synthesize both together. Traditionally, the dominant regulatory approach towards the trade and culture debate 1.0 is the particular or general exceptions under the WTO regulatory framework. However, it has been widely argued that the existing WTO regulatory framework cannot provide sufficient flexibilities to accommodate cultural policy measures. The over politicized bifurcation of regulatory regime of trade and culture renders the possible suggestions mere academic projects, which lack of political incentives and are highly unlikely to implement. Gradually, the second dominant regulatory approach for the trade and culture debate 1.0 relies on the UNESCO Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expression (UNESCO CDCE). This convention marks that the dominant regulatory approach has shifted gradually from negative exceptions (exclusive inclusion) to more positive integration clauses (inclusive exclusion). A critical analysis on the context and substantive norms of the UNESCO CDCE reveals that the legal value of the convention under international law and its role in the trade and culture debate are negligible. The recent development of international trade law, the dispute of China-Measures Affecting Trading Rights and Distribution Services for Certain Publications and Audiovisual Entertainment Products, has questioned the overall suitability and accuracy of the well-established convention. Except for the old problems pertaining to the trade and culture debate remain unresolved, some new emerging domains in the digital age, including digital technology and intellectual property rights, have posted crucial challenges as well, which however has not been paid due attention. Therefore, along with the update of the debate, the overall complexity has increased in the changed regulatory environment, rendering even the acceptance of the dual nature of the cultural industries obsolete. These new trends invite the careful reconsideration of the role of law, the dominant legal responses and regulatory approaches. It has been recognized that the cultural industries have transformed to the creative industries, marking that the dual natured cultural products have shifted to multifaceted natured creative products. This illustrates that creative industries tend to more properly reflect the status quo of the current economy, and the concept of creative economy could be employed as the concept to design a new regulatory approach for the debate in the digital age. Building upon this, the global governance debate seems to be a holistic approach for the trade and culture debate 2.0. For the WTO regulatory framework, a two-steps approach could be considered. The first step is to formulae the 'creative economy' as a legal concept, followed by the second step of introducing the concept into the WTO regulatory framework. It is suggested that such approach could be a more adaptive and coherent regulatory approach for the trade and culture debate in the digital age. Subjects: Cultural policy
Download or read book The Future of the Culture and Trade Debate written by Rostam J. Neuwirth and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout the 20th century, the culture and trade debate evolved in parallel with the emergence of related concepts, such as cultural industries, cultural specificity, and cultural diversity. Traditionally, the dominant regulatory method in approaching the relationship between cultural concerns, on the one hand, and of trade concerns, on the other, consisted in the formulation of general or particular exceptions aimed at separating culture from trade. Only gradually, and backed by drastic technological advances affecting and transforming the nature of economic offerings particularly in the area of the pioneering cultural industries, the traditional regulatory method shifted towards a more inclusive approach by virtue of the use of so-called “integration clauses”. In practical terms, however, the dominant regulatory approach changed from one of “exclusive inclusion” towards one of “inclusive exclusion”, given that the greater integration of cultural concerns in commercial contexts at the level of substantive law was, at the international level, not matched by a major shift towards greater institutional coherence. As a possible remedy, the recent emergence of the concept of the “creative economy” can thus be regarded as a new opportunity to rethink not only the scope and content of the cultural and trade debate but also the principal features of the role of law in tackling the important governance challenges that lie ahead.
Download or read book The Trade and Culture Debate in the Context of Creative Economy written by Zhijie Chen and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The trade and culture debate has been a long tension without a definite result. It has been widely argued that neither the existing WTO regulatory framework nor the UNESCO Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expression (UNESCO CDCE) can address the debate. More recently, some new emerging domains in the digital age, including digital technology and intellectual property rights, have posted crucial challenges as well. These new trends invite the careful reconsideration of the role of law, the dominant legal responses and regulatory approaches, however they have not been paid due attention. To this end, this paper attempts to investigate a possibly more adaptive regulatory approach for the trade and culture debate under the changed regulatory environment. Compared with cultural industries, it appears that creative industries tend to more properly reflect the status quo of the current economy, and the concept of creative economy could be employed as the concept to design a new regulatory approach for the debate in the digital age. Building upon this, the global governance debate seems to be a holistic approach for the trade and culture debate in the digital age. For the WTO regulatory framework, a two-steps approach could be considered. The first step is to formulae the 'creative economy' as a legal concept, followed by the second step of introducing the concept into the WTO regulatory framework. It is suggested that such approach could be a more adaptive and coherent regulatory approach for the trade and culture debate in the digital age.
Download or read book How Culture Shapes the Climate Change Debate written by Andrew J. Hoffman and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2015-03-11 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Though the scientific community largely agrees that climate change is underway, debates about this issue remain fiercely polarized. These conversations have become a rhetorical contest, one where opposing sides try to achieve victory through playing on fear, distrust, and intolerance. At its heart, this split no longer concerns carbon dioxide, greenhouse gases, or climate modeling; rather, it is the product of contrasting, deeply entrenched worldviews. This brief examines what causes people to reject or accept the scientific consensus on climate change. Synthesizing evidence from sociology, psychology, and political science, Andrew J. Hoffman lays bare the opposing cultural lenses through which science is interpreted. He then extracts lessons from major cultural shifts in the past to engender a better understanding of the problem and motivate the public to take action. How Culture Shapes the Climate Change Debate makes a powerful case for a more scientifically literate public, a more socially engaged scientific community, and a more thoughtful mode of public discourse.
Download or read book The Trade and Culture Debate in the Digital Age written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Preferential Trade Agreements and Cultural Products written by Gilbert Gagné and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-09-06 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the treatment of cultural products within international trade law, focusing on preferential trade agreements. Trade and culture intersect when cultural products are involved. These mainly encompass cinema, broadcasting, music, videos, and publishing, either in traditional or digital formats. As such products reflect the cultural identities of states, they have led to a debate as to whether, or the extent to which, they should be exempted from trade obligations. With multilateral negotiations in gridlock, states have increasingly turned to preferential trade agreements. Concurrently, digital technologies have revolutionized how cultural contents are created and distributed. The book analyzes the provisions relating to cultural products within trade agreements, as well as their relationship with the provisions and guidelines on cultural goods and services under the UNESCO Convention on Cultural Diversity. Drawing comparisons between states as to the treatment of cultural products in preferential trade agreements and considering the norms and provisions relating to cultural products under different regimes, the book offers a truly comprehensive overview of the evolution of the trade and culture debate. The book will be of interest to researchers in the fields of cultural products, trade agreements, digital technology, trade law, and cultural diversity.
Download or read book Abundant Paradox written by M.M. Hart and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Culture and Trade Debate Continues written by Rostam J. Neuwirth and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This article looks at the present state of the 'culture and trade debate' by tracing the developments that have taken place since the adoption and entry into force of the UNESCO Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions on 18 March 2007. It examines whether actual progress has been made in the regulatory field addressing the issues of trade liberalization, on the one hand, and cultural diversity, on the other. Against a strong sentiment of a déjà vu, the evaluation is based on scholarly writings on the expected legal impact of the Convention as well as novel regulatory problems in the field of the cultural industries. It also briefly looks at the work of the bodies established under the UNESCO Convention and, last but not least, reviews it in light of the recent Appellate Body Report in China - Measures Affecting Trading Rights and Distribution Services for Certain Publications and Audiovisual Entertainment Products.
Download or read book The Politics of Cultural Development written by Ben Garner and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-28 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a growing recognition of the role that culture can play in sustainable development strategies. This development has generally been welcomed, but also raises a number of questions: What are the implications in policy and practice? Who are the most influential voices in promoting a global agenda for culture and development, and to what extent has the creation of new international policy instruments reflected a consensus? More fundamentally, what is meant by "culture" in these discussions and who has the power to give particular definitions political and legal authority? The Politics of Cultural Development seeks to provide a theoretically and historically informed response to such questions, illustrated by reference to case studies (including the European Union, the Caribbean and China). Particular attention is paid to the formation of the UNESCO Convention on the Protection and the Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions, a landmark instrument in debates about culture and development. The book goes on to explore some of the practical implications that this international treaty is beginning to have for the ways that culture is (and is not) being integrated into contemporary development policy and practice. This book will be useful for students, academics and policymakers in the fields of international development, international relations, international political economy, cultural policy and cultural theory.
Download or read book Cultural Products and the World Trade Organization written by Tania Voon and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-06-28 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Debate about trade and culture has a long history, but the application of WTO rules to cultural products such as films, radio, and books remains one of the most divisive issues in the organization. After assessing the economic and social arguments for treating cultural products differently from things like steel or wheat, this 2007 book explains how the vastly different views of WTO members in earlier negotiations led to an outcome that is disappointing for all. It goes on to provide a comprehensive evaluation of possible solutions, including evolution of the law through WTO dispute settlement, an agreement outside the WTO, and reforms to improve the balance between trade liberalization and cultural policy objectives.
Download or read book Rhetoric and Reality written by Christopher J. Maule and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Palgrave Handbook of European Media Policy written by K. Donders and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-03-28 with total page 819 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Containing state-of-the-art contributions on the various domains of European media policies, this Handbook deals with theoretical approaches to European media policy: its historical development; specific policies for film, television, radio and the Internet; and international aspects of the fragmented policy domain.
Download or read book Culture Inc Or Trade Revisited written by C. Pauwels and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
