Download or read book The Term Structure of Implied Costs of Equity Capital written by Jeffrey L. Callen and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We model and estimate the term structure of implied costs of equity capital (and implied risk premia) at the firm level for the years 1996-2015 from forward looking option contracts. Empirical tests reject the assumption that the term structure of implied firm-level costs of equity is constant over different time horizons. Instead, we find that the term structure is often upward sloping and concave. However, we also find that the term structure flattened during the 1998 and 2007-2008 crises periods and even sloped downward during part of 2008. Term structure estimates are shown to predict future stock returns and volatilities over multiple horizons. In contrast to static implied cost of capital models, the term structure estimates are able to capture ex ante the well-documented earnings announcement premium. Moreover, various firm-level characteristics related to firm performance and risk are shown to explain some of the cross-sectional variation in the term structure.

Download or read book Estimating the Cost of Capital Implied by Market Prices and Accounting Data written by Peter Easton and published by Now Publishers Inc. This book was released on 2009 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estimating the Cost of Capital Implied by Market Prices and Accounting Data focuses on estimating the expected rate of return implied by market prices, summary accounting numbers, and forecasts of earnings and dividends. Estimates of the expected rate of return, often used as proxies for the cost of capital, are obtained by inverting accounting-based valuation models. The author describes accounting-based valuation models and discusses how these models have been used, and how they may be used, to obtain estimates of the cost of capital. The practical appeal of accounting-based valuation models is that they focus on the two variables that are commonly at the heart of valuations carried out by equity analysts -- forecasts of earnings and forecasts of earnings growth. The question at the core of this monograph is -- How can these forecasts be used to obtain an estimate of the cost of capital? The author examines the empirical validity of the estimates based on these forecasts and explores ways to improve these estimates. In addition, this monograph details a method for isolating the effect of any factor of interest (such as cross-listing, fraud, disclosure quality, taxes, analyst following, accounting standards, etc.) on the cost of capital. If you are interested in understanding the academic literature on accounting-based estimates of expected rate of return this monograph is for you. Estimating the Cost of Capital Implied by Market Prices and Accounting Data provides a foundation for a deeper comprehension of this literature and will give a jump start to those who have an interest in these topics. The key ideas are introduced via examples based on actual forecasts, accounting information, and market prices for listed firms, and the numerical examples are based on sound algebraic relations.

Download or read book COST OF CAPITAL A FINANCIAL TOOL TO CREATE AND MAXIMIZE SHAREHOLDER VALUE written by EMMANUEL ATTAH KUMAH and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2013-07-27 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The cost of capital is important in the financial management of every business. A measure of the cost of capital is required when evaluating various aspects of strategic business plans, e.g., selecting a financial leverage position, calculating the profitability of alternative investment opportunities, measuring economic value-added and comparing various merger and acquisition plans. The task of determining the appropriate cost of capital to use requires a careful analysis of the effect of alternative financing choices which are open to every business. This report considers the cost of capital of Royal Roots Company. Ways are examined to determine the cost of capital by Royal Roots Company. This book sequentially identifies: principles of cost of capital, the capital structure, the cost of debt, cost of equity, cost of preference shares and overall cost of capital (weighted average cost of capital).The cost of equity capital and debt determines the overall cost of capital of any company (public or private)

Download or read book Cost of Capital Dynamics Implied by Firm Fundamentals written by Matthew Lyle and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We provide a tractable stock valuation model to study the dynamics of discount rates using only two firm fundamentals: the book-to-market ratio and expected ROE. We find that the model is easily applied to a large cross section of firms and that firm-level discount rates vary over time and are highly persistent. The model can forecast stock returns up to three years into the future and tracks economic conditions. During normal or expansion periods in the economy, the dynamics of cost of capital generate an upward sloping term structure; however, in times of high economic uncertainty, the term structure flattens and can be downward sloping.

Download or read book Cost of Capital written by Shannon P. Pratt and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-02-25 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this long-awaited Third Edition of Cost of Capital: Applications and Examples, renowned valuation experts and authors Shannon Pratt and Roger Grabowski address the most controversial issues and problems in estimating the cost of capital. This authoritative book makes a timely and significant contribution to the business valuation body of knowledge and is an essential part of the expert's library.

Download or read book Commentary on Implied Cost of Equity Capital Estimates as Predictors of Accounting Returns and Stock Returns written by Charles C. Y. Wang and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The expected rate of equity returns is a central input into various managerial and investment decisions that affect the allocation of scarce resources. Research on capital markets has devoted significant effort to studying how and why expected returns vary over time and across firms. Cochrane (2011) called these questions the central organizing agenda in contemporary asset-pricing research.At the heart of this research agenda lies a longstanding measurement problem: ex-ante expected returns are unobservable and ex-post realized returns are noisy proxies (Campbell, 1991; Vuolteenaho, 2002). Since Botosan (1997), the accounting literature offered a promising solution to this measurement problem: the development of a novel class of expected-return proxies (ERPs), collectively known as the implied cost of equity capital (ICC).

Download or read book Implied Cost of Equity Capital in Earnings Based Valuation written by Feng Chen and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Assuming the clean surplus relation, the Edwards-Bell-Ohlson residual income valuation (RIV) model expresses market value of equity as the sum of the book value of equity and the expected discounted future residual incomes. Without assuming the clean surplus relation, Ohlson and Juettner-Nauroth (2000) articulate the role of forward earnings per share in valuation. We compare the implied costs of equity capital from these two approaches to earnings-based valuation within seven developed countries. We hypothesize superior performance from the RIV model in countries where the clean surplus relation holds well. First, we provide preliminary international evidence on the frequency and magnitude of the clean surplus deviations. Consistent with our hypothesis, we document superior reliability of the implied cost of equity capital derived from the RIV model when clean surplus adequately describes the firms' financial reporting. That is, the implied cost of equity capital derived from Ohlson and Juettner-Nauroth (2000) is relatively more reliable in countries where the clean surplus deviations are common. Our analyses suggest that the proper choice of earnings-based valuation model may depend on analysts' interpretation of their financial reporting environment.

Download or read book Equity Markets Transaction Costs and Capital Accumulation written by Valerie R. Bencivenga and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1995 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Implied Cost of Equity Capital of Family Firms written by Maximilian Vait Vollenbroich and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book What Affects the Implied Cost of Equity Capital written by Dhananjay (Dan) K. Gode and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We estimate implied cost of equity capital for a sample of firms from 1984 to 1998 using the Ohlson and Juettner (2000) model that does not make restrictive assumptions about clean surplus and payout policies. We find that cost of equity capital is strongly positively associated with conventional risk factors such as earnings variability, systematic and unsystematic return volatility, and leverage, and is negatively associated with analyst following. These associations are robust to controls for industry membership and to running the regression in changes instead of levels. Our results support the Ohlson-Juettner metric as a robust and appealing measure of cost of equity capital.

Download or read book Evaluating Methods to Estimate the Implied Cost of Equity Capital A Simulation Study written by Holger Daske and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cost of Capital written by Shannon P. Pratt and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-03-12 with total page 1344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A one-stop shop for background and current thinking on the development and uses of rates of return on capital Completely revised for this highly anticipated fifth edition, Cost of Capital contains expanded materials on estimating the basic building blocks of the cost of equity capital, the risk-free rate, and equity risk premium. There is also discussion of the volatility created by the financial crisis in 2008, the subsequent recession and uncertain recovery, and how those events have fundamentally changed how we need to interpret the inputs to the models we use to develop these estimates. The book includes new case studies providing comprehensive discussion of cost of capital estimates for valuing a business and damages calculations for small and medium-sized businesses, cross-referenced to the chapters covering the theory and data. Addresses equity risk premium and the risk-free rate, including the impact of Federal Reserve actions Explores how to use Morningstar's Ibbotson and Duff Phelps Risk Premium Report data Discusses the global cost of capital estimation, including a new size study of European countries Cost of Capital, Fifth Edition puts an emphasis on practical application. To that end, this updated edition provides readers with exclusive access to a companion website filled with supplementary materials, allowing you to continue to learn in a hands-on fashion long after closing the book.

Download or read book Toward an Implied Cost of Capital written by William R. Gebhardt and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this study, we propose an alternative technique for estimating the cost of equity capital. Specifically, we use a discounted residual income model to generate a market implied cost-of-capital. We then examine firm characteristics that are systematically related to this estimate of cost-of-capital. We show that a firm's implied cost-of-capital is a function of its industry membership, B/M ratio, forecasted long-term growth rate, and the dispersion in analyst earnings forecasts. Together, these variables explain around 60% of the cross-sectional variation in future (two-year-ahead) implied costs-of-capital. The stability of these long-term relations suggests they can be exploited to estimate future costs-of-capital. We discuss the implications of these findings for capital budgeting, investment decisions, and valuation research.

Download or read book The Degrees of Freedom Problem and Implied Cost of Equity Capital written by Abdul H. Rahman and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recently, Easton and Sommers (2006) provide evidence of a pervasive upward bias of about 3.5 per cent in implied cost of equity estimators arising from persistent optimistic analysts' forecast of earnings. Deng, Kim and Yeo (2006) derive an estimation procedure that infers the bias in earnings forecasts for different horizons and present evidence that investors, on average, adjust one-year earnings forecasts downwards by about 10 percent. In this paper, we assert that another source of bias arises from a degrees-of-freedom problem and we present a general solution to this problem by deriving an equity valuation model that incorporates a forecast horizon of T periods. We also derive an estimate of the implied cost of equity capital as the solution of a polynomial equation of degree T+1. Hence the common practice (e.g., Gode and Mohanram, 2003; Botosan and Plumlee, 2005) of adjusting the forecast horizon beyond two years and yet retain a quadratic equation implied by the Ohlson and Juettner-Nauroth model, may be incorrect. Furthermore, we show that this polynomial equation has a very interesting nested property, where any the polynomial equation of degree n is obtained as a simple algebraic transformation of the polynomial equation of degree n-1.

Download or read book Equity Valuation and Analysis with EVal written by Russell James Lundholm and published by McGraw-Hill/Irwin. This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While focusing on the underlying theories of financial analysis and valuation, this work aims to answer the question, "What is this company really worth?". It takes the view that sound forecasts of financial statements are the key input to a good valuation, and that other aspects of the valuation process are mechanical.

Download or read book Bank Capital and the Cost of Equity written by Mohamed Belkhir and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-12-04 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using a sample of publicly listed banks from 62 countries over the 1991-2017 period, we investigate the impact of capital on banks’ cost of equity. Consistent with the theoretical prediction that more equity in the capital mix leads to a fall in firms’ costs of equity, we find that better capitalized banks enjoy lower equity costs. Our baseline estimations indicate that a 1 percentage point increase in a bank’s equity-to-assets ratio lowers its cost of equity by about 18 basis points. Our results also suggest that the form of capital that investors value the most is sheer equity capital; other forms of capital, such as Tier 2 regulatory capital, are less (or not at all) valued by investors. Additionally, our main finding that capital has a negative effect on banks’ cost of equity holds in both developed and developing countries. The results of this paper provide the missing evidence in the debate on the effects of higher capital requirements on banks’ funding costs.

Download or read book Estimating Firms Expected Cost of Equity Capital written by Jan A. Kempkes and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: