Download or read book The Story of Ahikar written by and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on 1913 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Story of Ahikar from the Syriac Arabic Armenian Ethiopic Greekand Slavonic Versions by F C Conybeare J ames Rendel Harris and Agnes Smith Lewis written by Frederick Cornwallis Conybeare and published by . This book was released on 1898 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha of the Old Testament Volume Two written by R. H. Charles and published by Apocryphile Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 804 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Second only to the Apocrypha, the Pseudepigrapha is the most important body of non-canonical literature we possess from ancient Judaism. These writings shed much light upon theological development between the testaments, and provide invaluable historical, cultural, and spiritual information. Contains the Book of Jubilees, the Letter of Aristeas, the Books of Adam and Eve, the Martyrdom of Isaiah, 1 Enoch, the Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs, the Sibylline Oracles, the Assumption of Moses, 2 Enoch, 2 Baruch, 3 Baruch, 4 Ezra, The Psalms of Solomon, 4 Maccabees, Pirke Aboth, and the Story of Ahikar"--Page 4 of cover.

Download or read book Tobit and Ahikar written by Scriptural Research Institute and published by Scriptural Research Institute. This book was released on with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Words of Ahikar is the oldest surviving Israelite story, with known copies in Aramaic dating back to the 5ᵗʰ century BC, making it a couple of centuries older than the oldest of the Dead Sea Scrolls. While the story is set during the Assyrian Captivity of the Samaritans during the 7ᵗʰ century BC, it is generally accepted by scholars that the book was written in its current form in the 6ᵗʰ century BC, during the Babylonian Captivity of the Judahites. It does not appear to have been considered a religious book by Judahites under Greek rule, or later when Judea became independent, and was not included in either the Septuagint or the Masoretic Text. Nevertheless, the author of the Book of Tobit, which is in the Septuagint, clearly viewed the Words of Ahikar as authentic, as his protagonist Tobit claimed that he was Ahikar's uncle, and both Ahikar and his nephew Nadan make a brief appearance in the book of Tobit at Tobit’s son Tobiah’s marriage feast in Nineveh. The Book of Tobit was likely written in the Median Empire, and carried into Judea by the priest Tobiah, who was listed as one of the leaders of the Israelites that returned to Judea after Cyrus II (the Great) released the Judahites when he conquered Babylon. The version of the book of Tobit found in the Codex Vaticanus and most surviving copies of the Septuagint, was translated into Greek from Aramaic and added to the Septuagint, likely before 200 BC when the Judean Revolt against the Ptolemys rule, resulted in most Jews and Samaritans fleeing from Egypt, either east into Judea, or south into Nubia. There is another version of the Book of Tobit found in the Codex Sinaiticus, which appears to be older than the version in the other codices, and not translated in the Ptolemy’s Egypt, but somewhere in the Seleucid’s Empire. The Book of Tobit is generally viewed as fiction by most scholars for a variety of reasons. One major reason it is viewed as fiction is the presence of Tobit’s cousin Ahikar, in both versions of the book, who is the protagonist of the Words of Ahikar, a book set in the same era, which is also considered fiction. It is quite clear from the text of Tobit, that it is the same Ahikar, and not just someone with the same name, as Ahikar’s betrayal by his nephew is mentioned, which is part of the early section of Ahikar. Nevertheless, both books, Tobit and Ahikar survive in various forms, meaning that they were edited multiple times before the versions that survive to the present were transcribed. The surviving copies of the Septuagint include two versions of the Book of Tobit, the more common form, found in the Codex Vaticanus, Codex Alexandrinus, and most other surviving copies of the Septuagint, and the less common version found in the Codex Sinaiticus. Additionally, fragments of Tobit found among the Oxyrhynchus Papyri don’t match either the Vaticanus or Sinaiticus version of Tobit. The Oxyrhynchus Papyri are a collection of ancient texts found in southern Egypt dating to the Greek, Roman, and Byzantine eras of Egyptian history, approximately 300 BC to 640 AD. Among the Oxyrhynchus Papyri, two fragments of Tobit have been found, Papyrus 1594, dated to circa 275 AD, and Papyrus 1076, dated to circa 550 AD. Unfortunately, these fragments are extremely short, with only a few lines surviving from chapters 12 and 2 respectively. The Oxyrhynchus Papyri fragments of Tobit are in Greek but do not match surviving versions found in the Septuagint codices, meaning there were no less than three Greek versions of Tobit in circulation by 350 AD, when the Codex Vaticanus and Codex Sinaiticus are dated to.

Download or read book A Multitude of Counsellors written by Josephus Nelson Larned and published by . This book was released on 1901 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Words of Ahikar written by Scriptural Research Institute and published by Digital Ink Productions. This book was released on 2020-02-09 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Words of Ahikar is the oldest surviving Israelite story, with known copies in Aramaic dating back to the 5ᵗʰ century BC. As it has been translated into many languages over the past two and a half millennia, it now has several names and translations, including the Words of Ahiqar, the Story of Ahikar, and various variations of the name, including Achiacharos, from the Greek translation, Ảḥyqr from the Aramaic translation, Akyrios from the Old Slavonic translation, Ḥayqār from the Arabic translation, and Xikar from the Armenian translation. This translation uses the most common English variation of Ahikar, which is based on a transliteration of the oldest surviving Aramaic version of the name. The oldest fragments of this book found to date, were discovered in Elephantine, Egypt, and date to the 5ᵗʰ century BC, making it a couple of centuries older than the oldest of the Dead Sea Scrolls. It is not considered to be a true historical story by any modern academics or theologians. It is universally considered to be a work of fiction for several reasons, not the least of which are the boys flying on the backs of trained eagles. Another reason that the work is not considered historical, is that the Assyrian kings are not mentioned in the correct order, as King Esarhaddon was actually Sennacherib’s son, not his father. Both Kings are well known from the historical records of the Assyrians, Babylonians, and Egyptians. Moreover, Esarhaddon and his son Ashurbanipal liberated Egypt from Kushite rule and established the vassal state of Egypt which ultimately became independent again when the Neo-Assyrian Empire fell. During the time of Sennacherib, Egypt was still under the control of Kush, and there was no Pharaoh for Ahikar to visit. The book also refers to a King of Persia, centuries before there was a Kingdom of Persia, and is therefore generally dismissed as a quasi-historical work of fiction. Nevertheless, the Book of Tobit records that Ahikar was sent to Elam as an envoy, not Persia. As the Persians settled in the land of Elam after King Ashurbanipal destroyed Elam in the mid-7ᵗʰ century BC, the name Persia would have been the contemporary geographical term when the Aramaic translation was made, and not the original term. In any event, the author of Tobit must have had a copy of Ahikar that used the name Elam instead of Persia, or his reference to Ahikar going to Elam makes no sense.

Download or read book The Story of A i ar from the Syriac Arabic Armenian Ethiopic Greek and Slavonic Versions written by Frederick Cornwallis Conybeare and published by . This book was released on 1898 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The story of Ahiqar written by Apostle Arne Horn and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2016-10-10 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ahiqar or Ahikar was an Assyrian sage known in the ancient Near East for his outstanding wisdom.The Story of Ahikar, also known as the Words of Ahikar, has been found in an Aramaic papyrus of 500 BC among the ruins of Elephantine. The narrative of the initial part of the story is expanded greatly by the presence of a large number of wise sayings and proverbs that Ahikar is portrayed as speaking to his nephew.

Download or read book Tobit and Judith written by Benedikt Otzen and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2002-12-31 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Part of the popular textbook series introducing key themes and issues of books of the Apocrypha and Jewish Pseudepigrapha. The two apochryphal books, Tobit and Judith, are Jewish legends presumably created in the 3rd or 2nd century BCE, the first in the Eastern Diaspora, the other in Palestine. The events related are placed in the Assyrian epoch in the 7th century BCE. The book discusses the problems between real history and historical fiction, the genres and purposes of the two books, and the literary and religious motives of the tales. Also dealt with are textual problems such as the Greek text in the Septuagint vs. Hebrew and Aramaic Tobit-fragments from Qumran.

Download or read book Reflecting Diversity written by Péter Losonczi and published by LIT Verlag Münster. This book was released on 2007 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The term "interreligiosity" is a characteristic invention of the postmodern discourse of religious studies. But the feature it denotes-the mutual connections between religions, whereby they can share new viewpoints and paradigms-is not modern at all. One can say that religiosity and interreligiosity are correlative conceptions: when speaking of religion as a social entity, one is immediately and everywhere confronted by interreligious aspects. The present volume contains various essays exploring such interreligious aspects found within the history and traditions of Judaism and Christianity.

Download or read book Wisdom written by Trevor Curnow and published by Reaktion Books. This book was released on 2015-05-15 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “There’s no fool like an old fool,” the saying goes. What is it about wisdom that sets it apart from mere intelligence? What is that elusive difference between a simple grasp of the facts and profound understanding? Wisdom has fascinated the human race for thousands of years; philosophers are notorious for being in love with it, and for centuries writers have tried to capture its essence in proverbs and fables. In this book, Trevor Curnow provides an accessible introduction to wisdom and the many ways we have thought about and tried to achieve it throughout history. Drawing on examples from a diversity of eras and places—from ancient Egypt to medieval Europe to modern Africa—Curnow explores the ways we have sought to overcome the problems posed by our existence, such as love and death, with a steadfast wisdom. He shows how many cultures have attributed wisdom to deities such as Apollo, Odin, and Sarasvati, and how, especially, we have placed it within the vehicle of the proverb, which has safeguarded its lessons throughout time and across cultures. Including a collection of one hundred sayings that offer a rich record of wisdom’s reification, this history gives new insight into what wisdom actually is and where we might find it.

Download or read book The Apocrypha and Pseudephigrapha of the Old Testament Volume One written by R. H. Charles and published by Apocryphile Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most esteemed body of books left out of the Bible, the Old Testament Apocrypha is of interest to historians, religious scholars, and ordinary laypeople alike. For more than 70 years this version, edited by R.H. Charles, has been the definitive critical edition. Out of print for years, Apocryphile Press is proud to make it available once more to scholars and the curious.

Download or read book The Expository Times written by James Hastings and published by . This book was released on 1899 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Sacred Books and Early Literature of the East written by Charles Francis Horne and published by . This book was released on 1917 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Hebrew Folktale written by Eli Yassif and published by Indiana University Press. This book was released on 2009-04-16 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The most comprehensive account of its subject now available, this impressive study lives up to the encyclopedic promise of its title." -- Choice The Hebrew Folktale seeks to find and define the folk-elements of Jewish culture. Through the use of generic distinctions and definitions developed in folkloristics, Yassif describes the major trends -- structural, thematic, and functional -- of folk narrative in the central periods of Jewish culture.

Download or read book The Deuterocanonical Apocryphal Texts written by Watson E. Mills and published by Mercer University Press. This book was released on 2002-02 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume five of the Mercer Commentary on the Bible comprises commentaries on the deuterocanonical/apocryphal books which Martin Luther called "useful and good for reading" yet did not consider of the same authority as Scripture. Volume five of the Mercer Commentary on the Bible includes commentaries from the critically acclaimed Mercer Commentary on the Bible and appropriate articles from the equally well-received Mercer Dictionary of the Bible. This convenient yet thorough edition is for the classroom and for anyone who wishes to focus study on these particular texts.

Download or read book Resurrection Immortality and Eternal Life in Intertestamental Judaism and Early Christianity Expanded Ed written by George W. E. Nickelsburg and published by Wipf and Stock Publishers. This book was released on 2023-01-03 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: