Download or read book The Spanish Subjunctive A Reference for Teachers written by Hans-Jorg Busch and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-03-27 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Complete Guide to the Spanish Subjunctive is the most complete reference guide to the use of the subjunctive in Spanish. Along with an exhaustive review of published literature on the subjunctive, the book also includes a thorough discussion of the uses and meanings of the subjunctive as well as examples throughout drawn from linguistic corpora such as the CREA database. The book presents a comprehensive theory of the subjunctive and provides practical rules for understanding, teaching and acquiring the Spanish subjunctive. This book includes: "Your Turn" sections that invite readers to reflect on the content discussed and on their own experiences in teaching the subjunctive A "Synopsis" section that summarizes the content of the work and offers practical suggestions for teaching the subjunctive Two indexes providing a summary of verb conjugation in the subjunctive and an alphabetical list of expressions used with the subjunctive.
Download or read book Variation and Evolution written by Sandro Sessarego and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2020-08-11 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a collection of original studies analyzing how different internal and external factors affect Spanish language variation and evolution across a number of (socio)linguistic scenarios. Its primary goal is to expand our understanding of how native and non-native varieties of Spanish co-exist with other languages and dialects under the influence of several linguistic and extra-linguistic forces. While some papers analyze the linguistic dynamics affecting Spanish grammars from a cross-dialectal perspective, others focus more closely on the relations established between Spanish and other languages with which it is in contact. In particular, some of these studies show how power and prestige may support (or not) the use of Spanish in different social contexts and educational realities, given that the attitudes toward this language vary greatly across the Spanish-speaking world. On the one hand, in some regions, Spanish represents the variety spoken by the majority of the population, typically related to prestige and power (Spain and Latin America). On the other hand, in other contexts, the same language is conceived as a minority variety, which may or may not be associated with stigmatized immigrant groups (i.e., in the US).
Download or read book A New Reference Grammar of Modern Spanish written by John Butt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 533 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (abridged and revised) This reference grammar offers intermediate and advanced students a reason ably comprehensive guide to the morphology and syntax of educated speech and plain prose in Spain and Latin America at the end of the twentieth century. Spanish is the main, usually the sole official language of twenty-one countries,} and it is set fair to overtake English by the year 2000 in numbers 2 of native speakers. This vast geographical and political diversity ensures that Spanish is a good deal less unified than French, German or even English, the latter more or less internationally standardized according to either American or British norms. Until the 1960s, the criteria of internationally correct Spanish were dictated by the Real Academia Espanola, but the prestige of this institution has now sunk so low that its most solemn decrees are hardly taken seriously - witness the fate of the spelling reforms listed in the Nuevas normas de prosodia y ortograjia, which were supposed to come into force in all Spanish-speaking countries in 1959 and, nearly forty years later, are still selectively ignored by publishers and literate persons everywhere. The fact is that in Spanish 'correctness' is nowadays decided, as it is in all living languages, by the consensus of native speakers; but consensus about linguistic usage is obviously difficult to achieve between more than twenty independent, widely scattered and sometimes mutually hostile countries. Peninsular Spanish is itself in flux.
Download or read book Breaking Out of Beginner s Spanish written by Joseph J. Keenan and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many language books are boring—this one is not. Written by a native English speaker who learned Spanish the hard way—by trying to talk to Spanish-speaking people—it offers English speakers with a basic knowledge of Spanish hundreds of tips for using the language more fluently and colloquially, with fewer obvious "gringo" errors. Writing with humor, common sense, and a minimum of jargon, Joseph Keenan covers everything from pronunciation, verb usage, and common grammatical mistakes to the subtleties of addressing other people, "trickster" words that look alike in both languages, inadvertent obscenities, and intentional swearing. He guides readers through the set phrases and idiomatic expressions that pepper the native speaker's conversation and provides a valuable introduction to the most widely used Spanish slang. With this book, both students in school and adult learners who never want to see another classroom can rapidly improve their speaking ability. Breaking Out of Beginner's Spanish will be an essential aid in passing the supreme language test-communicating fluently with native speakers.
Download or read book Teacher s Manual for All Spanish Method Short Course written by Guillermo Franklin Hall Aviles and published by . This book was released on 1926 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Methodological Developments in Teaching Spanish as a Second and Foreign Language written by Guadalupe Ruiz-Farjardo and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2012-11-16 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book on applied linguistics presents new trends and improvements on the teaching of Spanish. It deals with two major scopes in the field of linguistics that have a crucial role in the development of language teaching in general and of the teaching of Spanish in particular: Interaction and Grammar. The topics chosen coincide with the areas in which the communicative approach to language teaching, dominant in European and American language programs since the 1970s and 80s, has been the object of most revision. In its first part, the book appeals both to pragmatics and to discourse analysis to research the specifics of classroom discourse and classroom interaction, as well as the differences between interactions among Spanish native speakers and interactions among non natives, in order to develop methodologies for the effective incorporation of these aspects to the Spanish language classroom, such as tasks to teach interaction or techniques to implement learner-centered interactive class dynamics and cooperative learning. In its second part, this book reviews the pedagogical advantages of language description based on Cognitive Linguistic theory to explain different aspects of Spanish grammar. The main purpose of our contribution is to show how taking different dimensions of construal and perspective in linguistic representations into account helps teachers to elucidate idiosyncratic and subtle contrasts of Spanish structure that other views and approaches cannot clarify on a meaningful base, such as the aspectual opposition between preterits or the modal opposition between indicative and subjunctive, both of high importance for the English speaking student. The work selected for this book, by experts from Columbia University and from several universities in Spain, represents the most current lines of inquiry in this “post-communicative” approach as applied specifically to the teaching of Spanish. This book seeks to be to be a “must-read” for the present and future. It tackles unexplored territory, for journals and applied linguistics collections have mainly addressed these problems in relation to English language and instruction.
Download or read book Teaching Spanish My Way written by Dee L. Eldredge and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2014-05-02 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Professor Dee L. Eldredge's Teaching Spanish, My Way is a treasure trove of information and a resource manual of over 370 pages to aid Spanish teachers / professors in their efforts to help students learn Spanish. It contains the author’s philosophy of teaching; suggestions for course and class preparation; principles of teaching that he follows; general linguistic, syntax, lexical, phonetic, and morphological explanations; Spanish language rules; Spanish historical, cultural, and geographical information; handouts that have been used a lot by the professor; and cards that have been utilized with great success to teach Spanish, especially at the beginning of classes. Would you like to read information about how to take charge of a class and more about the responsibilities of a teacher? Chapter 1 of the book gives the reader the author’s philosophy of teaching and much information on his perspectives relating to a teacher’s responsibilities. Topics such as being in charge of the class, being prepared for everything, grading practices, using time efficiently during class, presenting grammar, implementing oral drills, students speaking as much Spanish as possible during the class and before / after class with the teacher, being courteous, and others will help you be a better teacher / professor. Would you like to be better organized and run your classes more smoothly? Chapter 2 details many subjects important to course organization, class preparation, and class instruction. As part of course organization, syllabuses, schedule of classes, handouts, marking up textbooks, folders, copies, tests, and examining classrooms are discussed. Appertaining to class preparation, planning of the activities for the next class, grading, recording and placing papers in folders, handouts, and tests are explained. Concerning class instruction and activities, the following topics are presented: directing a class, starting a class, reviewing homework, asking questions, presenting new grammar, practicing new grammar, presenting new homework, reading, using handouts, giving tests/exams, grading and reviewing tests, and ending class. Would you like to have some excellent rules that would help you teach your classes more suitably? Chapter 3 lists the many rules that the author follows in teaching his classes. Some deal with the interaction with students, others with the organization of the classroom, others with the preparation of classes, and others with the way he organizes everything. Would you like to have explanations of grammar and linguistics that very much help you teach more competently? Chapter 4, which is by far the longest, gives explanations of many items in linguistics that can greatly aid Spanish teachers---such as synthetic and analytic languages; declensions; syntactical notation; thematic relations and relators; complementation; arguments; vocalic and consonantal languages; adverbials; markers; a sentence; moods; voices; raising; pro-forms; noun phrases; cases with pronouns; pronouns after prepositions; clitics; leísmo, laísmo, and loísmo; relative pronouns; clitic doubling; determiners; homonyms; verb phrases; verbal complementation; verbal particles; verbal aspect; verb forms; the English “dummy it”; usage comparison of auxiliary verbs in English and Spanish; prepositional phrases; prepositional complementation; modifiers; position of modifier adjectives; conjunctions; multiple meanings of English and Spanish verbs and other words; affirmative and negative words; question words; false cognates; Spanish and English verb problems; the silent h and u; juncture; phonemes; diphthongs; phonetic stress; vowels and consonants; representatives of sounds; spelling problems; cognates; and usage of linguistics in the classroom. This chapter aids the teacher to deliver the whys and wherefores to many grammatical problems—as for example, why the h became silent in Spanish, where the name California came from, and why the Spanish chose habla
Download or read book The Spanish Teacher written by Francisco Javier Vingut and published by . This book was released on 1871 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pedagogical Norms for Second and Foreign Language Learning and Teaching written by Susan M. Gass and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2002-09-03 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concept of Pedagogical Norm is grounded in both sociolinguistic and psycholinguistic principles. Pedagogical norms guide the selection and sequencing of target language features for language teaching and learning. This book both situates and expands on this concept highlighting the interaction of research and pedagogy. The papers collectively illustrate how the concept of pedagogical norm applies to all components of language, including phonology, morphology, syntax, and discourse. The book begins with a discussion of definitions including papers that trace the history of the concept and define what is meant by norms. Also included are papers that apply the concept of pedagogical norms in specific contexts (e.g., intonation, morphology) and to specific languages. Finally, pedagogical norms are extended beyond the more traditional areas of grammatical competence to such disparate areas as listening, discourse, and circumlocution.
Download or read book Production oriented and Comprehension based Grammar Teaching in the Foreign Language Classroom written by Anna Mystkowska-Wiertelak and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-03-02 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book addresses one of the key controversies in teaching foreign language grammar, which is the utility of production-oriented instruction, as exemplified in the PPP sequence, and comprehension-based teaching, as implemented in interpretation tasks and processing instruction. It provides a thorough overview of issues related to learning and teaching grammar, with a particular focus on input-oriented approaches, and reports the findings of four studies which sought to compare their effects with instruction based on different forms of output practice. The findings serve as a basis for guidelines on how the two options can be successfully combined in the classroom
Download or read book A Handbook on the Teaching of Spanish and Portuguese written by Henry Grattan Doyle and published by . This book was released on 1945 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Practice Makes Perfect The Spanish Subjunctive Up Close Second Edition written by Eric W. Vogt and published by McGraw-Hill Education. This book was released on 2017-09-15 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master the Spanish subjunctive with this authoritative, updated guide As you study Spanish you may view the subjunctive as an obstacle to your full understanding of the language. Learning the subjunctive can be one of the most frustrating aspects of studying Spanish grammar, but it is also one of the most important for being understood and following what others say. By adding Spanish pronouns to your range of language skills, you will open up a whole new world of communication. Practice Makes Perfect: The Spanish Subjunctive Up Close, 2nd Edition helps you better understand the nuances of this tricky grammar element and develop your skills and confidence as a Spanish speaker. This valuable resource features: • Easy-to-absorb explanatory materials, examples, and exercises • Authoritative guidance on how to form the four subjunctive tenses and when to use them • A comprehensive answer key that not only gives you the correct solutions to the exercises but explains the why behind them
Download or read book Teaching Spanish written by Herschel J. Frey and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Second Language Acquisition Theory and Pedagogy written by Fred R. Eckman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-08 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A volume on second-language acquisition theory and pedagogy is, at the same time, a mark of progress and a bit of an anomaly. The progress is shown by the fact that the two disciplines have established themselves as areas of study not only distinct from each other, but also different from linguistic theory. This was not always the case, at least not in the United States. The anomaly results from the fact that this book deals with the relationship between L2 theory and pedagogy despite the conclusion that there is currently no widely-accepted theory of SLA. Grouped into five sections, the papers in this volume: * consider questions about L2 theory and pedagogy at the macro-level, from the standpoint of the L2 setting; * consider input in terms of factors which are internal to the learner; * examine the question of external factors affecting the input, such as the issue of whether points of grammar can be explicitly taught; * deal with questions of certain complex, linguistic behaviors and the various external and social variables that influence learners; and * discuss issues surrounding the teaching of pronunciation factors that affect a non-native accent.
Download or read book Spanish Verbs Made Simple r written by David Brodsky and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2009-08-17 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It's time for a new approach to learning Spanish verbs. Unlike popular verb guides that require the rote memorization of hundreds of verb forms, this book clearly explains the rules that govern the conjugation of all classes of Spanish verbs—especially the irregular ones that give second-language learners the most trouble. These simple, easy-to-understand rules for conjugating Spanish verbs are effective learning tools for both beginning students and more advanced speakers who want to perfect their usage of Spanish verb forms. Spanish Verbs Made Simple(r) has many helpful features that you won't find in any other verb guide: Clear explanations of all verb tenses and forms. The simple rules that govern the conjugation of all verbs—including the 90% of irregular verbs whose irregularities are entirely predictable. A detailed discussion of how each verb form is used, with numerous examples. A full explanation of the distinction between ser and estar—the single most confusing element in the Spanish verbal system. An extended treatment of the subjunctive that will help you understand why it is used in some situations but not others. Conjugations for 35 model Spanish verbs and a comprehensive listing of 4,800 verbs that indicates which of the models each verb follows. Going well beyond any other guide in the clarity and detail of its explanations—as well as the innovative manner in which individual verbs are linked to model conjugations—Spanish Verbs Made Simple(r) is the only guide to Spanish verbs a learner needs.
Download or read book Subject Headings Used in the Dictionary Catalogs of the Library of Congress from 1897 Through June 1964 written by Library of Congress. Subject Cataloging Division and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 1438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modern language Teaching written by Charles Hart Handschin and published by . This book was released on 1940 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
