Download or read book The Short Run Approach to Long Run Equilibrium in Competitive Markets written by Anthony Horsley and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-10-19 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors present a new formal framework for finding the long-run competitive market equilibrium through short-run equilibria by exploiting the operating policies and plant valuations. This “short-run approach” develops ideas of Boiteux and Koopmans. Applied to the peak-load pricing of electricity generated by thermal, hydro and pumped-storage plants, it gives a sound and practical method of valuing the fixed assets—in this case, the river flows and the geological sites suitable for reservoirs. Its main mathematical basis is the producer’s short-run profit maximization programme and its dual; their solutions have relatively simple forms that can greatly ease the fixed-point problem of solving for the general equilibrium. Since the optimal values (profit and cost functions) are usually nondifferentiable—this is so when there are joint costs of production such as capacity constraints—nonsmooth calculus is employed to resolve long-standing discrepancies between textbook theory and industrial reality by giving subdifferential extensions of basic results of microeconomics, including the Wong-Viner Envelope Theorem.
Download or read book Principles of Macroeconomics for AP Courses 2e written by Steven A. Greenlaw and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles of Macroeconomics for AP® Courses 2e covers the scope and sequence requirements for an Advanced Placement® macroeconomics course and is listed on the College Board's AP® example textbook list. The second edition includes many current examples and recent data from FRED (Federal Reserve Economic Data), which are presented in a politically equitable way. The outcome is a balanced approach to the theory and application of economics concepts. The second edition was developed with significant feedback from current users. In nearly all chapters, it follows the same basic structure of the first edition. General descriptions of the edits are provided in the preface, and a chapter-by-chapter transition guide is available for instructors.
Download or read book Modern Economics An Analytical Study 20th Edition written by Ahuja H.L. and published by S. Chand Publishing. This book was released on 2016 with total page 1775 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In its 20th edition, this trusted definitive text is a comprehensive treatise on modern economics. It discusses in detail microeconomics, macroeconomics, monetary theory and policy, international economics, public finance and fiscal policy and above all economics of growth and development. The book has been exhaustively revised to provide students an in-depth understanding of the fundamental concepts and is streamlined to focus on current topics and developments in the field.
Download or read book Microeconomics Theory And Applications written by D. N. Dwivedi and published by Pearson Education India. This book was released on 2002-09 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is intended to be a comprehensive and standard textbook for undergraduate students of Microeconomics. Apart from providing students with sufficient study material for examination purpose, it aims at making them understand economics. An effort has been made to explain abstract and complex microeconomic theories in a simple and lucid language without sacrificing analytical sophistication. The subject matter has been structured in a systematic manner without leaving gaps for the readers to fill in. Though the approach is non-mathematical, simple algebra has been used to give a concrete view of economic concepts and theories and to show the applicability of economic theories in decision making.
Download or read book Marginal Cost in the New Economy A Proposal for a Uniform Approach to Policy Evaluations written by Roger L. Conkling and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-04-29 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents an approach for resolving a variety of public policy debates. It proposes that a single standard - marginal cost methodology - be adopted to replace the haphazard arrays of methods and techniques currenly employed to measure the costs and benefits of disputed policy issues.
Download or read book What is the Impact of Increased Business Competition written by Sónia Félix and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-12-13 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper studies the macroeconomic effect and underlying firm-level transmission channels of a reduction in business entry costs. We provide novel evidence on the response of firms' entry, exit, and employment decisions. To do so, we use as a natural experiment a reform in Portugal that reduced entry time and costs. Using the staggered implementation of the policy across the Portuguese municipalities, we find that the reform increased local entry and employment by, respectively, 25% and 4.8% per year in its first four years of implementation. Moreover, around 60% of the increase in employment came from incumbent firms expanding their size, with most of the rise occurring among the most productive firms. Standard models of firm dynamics, which assume a constant elasticity of substitution, are inconsistent with the expansionary and heterogeneous response across incumbent firms. We show that in a model with heterogeneous firms and variable markups the most productive firms face a lower demand elasticity and expand their employment in response to increased entry.
Download or read book Principles of Economics UUM Press written by Anizah Md Ali and published by UUM Press. This book was released on 2021-11-14 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is organized to make it easier for students to understand its contents, which is based on nearly 20 years of teaching experience in economics. It is presented in a simple and yet in-depth format to benefit readers, especially students studying, Principles of Economics. The book provides appropriate examples in understanding issues and questions on economic studies. There are also discussion questions to reinforce the reader’s understanding.
Download or read book EBOOK Microeconomics written by Wyn Morgan and published by McGraw Hill. This book was released on 2009-03-16 with total page 777 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microeconomics, 2nd European Edition offers comprehensive and accessible coverage of microeconomic theory, explaining how this is used to analyse and evaluate contemporary market systems. The book draws on relevant real world examples to highlight how theory can help to solve or understand a range of problems and is a central basis for thinking like an economist.
Download or read book Economics for Today written by Allan Layton and published by Cengage AU. This book was released on 2018-09-01 with total page 577 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economics for Today 6e simplifies the array of confusing economic analyses and presents a straightforward and balanced approach that effectively teaches the application of basic economics principles. Only essential material is included in the book and key concepts are explained in clear and simple terms. Written in an engaging and user-friendly manner, the book is designed for non-majors (although can also be used in these courses) with a continued focus on ethics in economics, sustainability and environmental economics, housing stress, development, health, happiness and debt crises. Economics for Today 6e is also available in MindTap, a personalised eLearning solution. MindTap provides interactive graph builders, online tests, video content and access to Aplia to build student confidence and give you a clear picture of their progress.
Download or read book Modern Microeconomics Theory and Applications 19th Edition written by Ahuja H.L. and published by S. Chand Publishing. This book was released on with total page 973 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The nineteenth edition of Modern Microeconomics continues to provide a detailed understanding of the foundations of microeconomics. While it provides a solid foundation for economic analysis, it also lucidly explains the mathematical derivations of various microeconomic concepts. This textbook would be extremely useful for the students of economics.
Download or read book Market Entry and Competition Law in Latin America written by Francisco Eduardo Beneke Avila and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-01-13 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the relationship between market entry analysis in competition law and the study of the determinants of aggregate investment. Macroeconomic and social characteristics, such as widespread corruption, political instability, and low levels of education are associated with lower investment rates. Progress on these indicators on the other hand is also strongly associated with sustained growth and higher investment rates. This book analyzes the interaction between these macro variables and the market-specific analysis typical in antitrust cases. Against this background, representative decisions of four Latin American competition authorities – México, El Salvador, Colombia, and Chile – on unilateral conduct are analyzed, focusing on market power assessment. The analysis shows that there is little to no explicit or implicit consideration of the impact of the macroeconomic environment on market dynamism and therefore on market power. This book also explores the influence that EU and US competition law have in the standards to prove ease of market entry developed by the Latin American authorities. Although most of the Latin American authorities share a lack of reliance on market forces, which is characteristic of EU competition law, this book argues that market entry analysis still needs to be adjusted to fit the socio-economic context that affects investment within the country and the degree to which each particular market is affected. Finally, the book proposes a framework on how the macro characteristics covered can be incorporated into competition law enforcement.
Download or read book Principles of Microeconomics 22e written by Ahuja H.L. and published by S. Chand Publishing. This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book makes a comprehensive and analytical study of theories of demand, production/cost and determination of price and output of products in different market structures. It also discusses theory of factor pricing and income distribution as wages, rent, interest and profits. Above all, it critically analyses the conditions of economic efficiency and maximum social welfare and causes of market failures. It takes a further lead with this revision by aligning its contents with the prescribed UGC model curriculum and new Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) syllabus.
Download or read book Principles of Microeconomics A New Look Textbook of Microeconomic Theory 22e written by Ahuja H.L. and published by S. Chand Publishing. This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This most popular and proven text takes a further lead with this revision by aligning its contents with the prescribed UGC model curriculum and new Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) syllabus. The book provides carefully tailored content for undergraduate courses in economics across a range of academic disciplines.
Download or read book Electricity Transmission Pricing and Technology written by Michael A. Einhorn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The electric utility industry and its stakeholders in the. United States appear to be at a critical juncture in time. Powerful forces of global proportions are propelling the industry instinctively and in a secular fashion towards restructuring. That the industry will change is a fait accomplii. The nature and timing of the change is still a matter of intense debate, however. Because of the evolution of the industry into its present-day form, i.e. regulated local monopolies in their designated franchise service territories, the relative roles and expectations of various institutions would have to change to conform to the new state in the future. In either encouraging, or allowing this change to happen, society is essentially saying that future societal welfare would be better served by the changed structure contemplated. What that assumption translates into in more direct terms is that creation of future wealth would be better accomplished through redistribution of wealth today. Thoughtful individuals recognize the enormous responsibility placed upon the various entities empowered with jurisdiction over the timing and nature of the structural change. They are trying hard to bring analytical rigor to bear on the debate. One very critical element of this debate on restructuring is the issue of the treatment of transmission. The issue has been variously labeled transmission access, or pricing. Volumes have been written and spoken on this topic.
Download or read book Electricity Transmission Pricing and Technology written by A.F. Kalverboer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The electric utility industry and its stakeholders in the.United States appear to be at a critical juncture in time. Powerful forces of global proportions are propelling the industry instinctively and in a secular fashion towards restructuring. That the industry will change is a fait accomplii. The nature and timing of the change is still a matter of intense debate, however. Because of the evolution of the industry into its present-day form, i.e. regulated local monopolies in their designated franchise service territories, the relative roles and expectations of various institutions would have to change to conform to the new state in the future. In either encouraging, or allowing this change to happen, society is essentially saying that future societal welfare would be better served by the changed structure contemplated. What that assumption translates into in more direct terms is that creation of future wealth would be better accomplished through redistribution of wealth today. Thoughtful individuals recognize the enormous responsibility placed upon the various entities empowered with jurisdiction over the timing and nature of the structural change. They are trying hard to bring analytical rigor to bear on the debate. One very critical element of this debate on restructuring is the issue of the treatment of transmission. The issue has been variously labeled transmission access, or pricing. Volumes have been written and spoken on this topic.
Download or read book Modern Economic Theory written by Dewett K.K. & Navalur M.H. and published by S. Chand Publishing. This book was released on 2010 with total page 992 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern Economic Theory is a critique on how monetary revolution across the globe is changing the course of world economies, financial systems and markets. Beginning with discussion on price theory and microeconomics, this classic textbook progresses to describe comprehensively, theory of income and employability or macroeconomics, money and banking, international economies and public finance. Economic systems, economics of development and planning and economies of welfare provide a clear idea about recent developments in and criticism of compensation principle, market structures and social welfare. It adequately meets the requirements of the BA and B.Com courses (Pass and Honours). In addition, postgraduate students of Arts and Commerce and aspirants of various competitive examinations will also find the book very useful and informative.
Download or read book New Keynesian Economics Post Keynesian Alternatives written by Roy Rotheim and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-03-07 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The New Keynesian Economics has been the most significant development in economics in recent years. Does it actually build upon Keynes' work? In this volume, leading post Keynesian economists challenge New Keynesianism both on the grounds that it is not Keynesian, and does not provide an adequate account of our current economic problems.
