Download or read book The Second Partition of Poland written by Robert Howard Lord and published by . This book was released on 1915 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Partitions of Poland or Partitions of the Polish?Lithuanian Commonwealth were a series of three partitions which took place in the second half of the 18th century and ultimately ended the existence of the Polish?Lithuanian Commonwealth (Polish: Rzeczpospolita Obojga Narodów; Lithuanian: Abiejų Tautų Respublika), resulting in the elimination of sovereign Poland, and Lithuania, its partner in the Commonwealth, for 123 years. The partitions were conducted by the Russian Empire, the Kingdom of Prussia and Habsburg Austria, which divided up the Commonwealth lands among themselves progressively in the process of territorial seizures."--Wikipedia.
Download or read book Frederick the Great written by Tim Blanning and published by Random House. This book was released on 2016-03-29 with total page 705 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The definitive biography of the legendary autocrat whose enlightened rule transformed the map of Europe and changed the course of history Few figures loom as large in European history as Frederick the Great. When he inherited the Prussian crown in 1740, he ruled over a kingdom of scattered territories, a minor Germanic backwater. By the end of his reign, the much larger and consolidated Prussia ranked among the continent’s great powers. In this magisterial biography, award-winning historian Tim Blanning gives us an intimate, in-depth portrait of a king who dominated the political, military, and cultural life of Europe half a century before Napoleon. A brilliant, ambitious, sometimes ruthless monarch, Frederick was a man of immense contradictions. This consummate conqueror was also an ardent patron of the arts who attracted painters, architects, musicians, playwrights, and intellectuals to his court. Like his fellow autocrat Catherine the Great of Russia, Frederick was captivated by the ideals of the Enlightenment—for many years he kept up lively correspondence with Voltaire and other leading thinkers of the age. Yet, like Catherine, Frederick drew the line when it came to implementing Enlightenment principles that might curtail his royal authority. Frederick’s terrifying father instilled in him a stern military discipline that would make the future king one of the most fearsome battlefield commanders of his day, while deriding as effeminate his son’s passion for modern ideas and fine art. Frederick, driven to surpass his father’s legacy, challenged the dominant German-speaking powers, including Saxony, Bavaria, and the Habsburg Monarchy. It was an audacious foreign policy gambit, one at which Frederick, against the expectations of his rivals, succeeded. In examining Frederick’s private life, Blanning also carefully considers the long-debated question of Frederick’s sexuality, finding evidence that Frederick lavished gifts on his male friends and maintained homosexual relationships throughout his life, while limiting contact with his estranged, unloved queen to visits that were few and far between. The story of one man’s life and the complete political and cultural transformation of a nation, Tim Blanning’s sweeping biography takes readers inside the mind of the monarch, giving us a fresh understanding of Frederick the Great’s remarkable reign. Praise for Frederick the Great “Writing Frederick’s biography . . . requires a diverse set of skills: expertise in eighteenth-century diplomatic and military history, including the intricacies of the Holy Roman Empire; a familiarity with the music, architecture and intellectual traditions of Northern Europe; and, not least, a profound sense of human psychology, the better to grasp the makeup of this complex and tormented man. Fortunately, Tim Blanning . . . has all of these skills in abundance.”—The Wall Street Journal “At once scholarly and highly readable . . . [Blanning] has given us a superb portrait of an enlightened despot, equally at home on the battlefield and in the opera house, both utterly ruthless and culturally refined.”—Commentary “Blanning, in clear thinking and prose, investigates all aspects of Frederick’s personality and reign. . . . The last word on this significant king, for years to come.”—Booklist (starred review) “Masterly . . . Blanning brilliantly brings to life one of the most complex characters of modern European history.”—The Telegraph (five stars) “A supremely nuanced account . . . This biography finds [Blanning] at the height of his powers.”—Literary Review
Download or read book The Papers of Thomas Jefferson Volume 23 written by Thomas Jefferson and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-05 with total page 715 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume deals with an unusually active, dramatic period during Thomas Jefferson's tenure as Secretary of State.
Download or read book The Second Partition of Poland written by Robert Howard Lord and published by . This book was released on 1915 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Secretary s Third Report written by Harvard College (1780- ). Class of 1906 and published by . This book was released on 1906 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Harvard University Gazette written by and published by . This book was released on 1916 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Catalogue of Accessions to the Legislative Library of the Province of Ontario During the Years 1913 1914 and 1915 written by Ontario. Legislative Library and published by . This book was released on 1916 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bulletin written by University of Aberdeen. Library and published by . This book was released on 1917 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Library Bulletin written by University of Aberdeen and published by . This book was released on 1918 with total page 816 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Catalogue of Accessions to the Legislative Library of the Province of Ontario During the Years written by Ontario. Legislative Library and published by . This book was released on 1916 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Multilevel Selection written by Steven C. Hertler and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-09-02 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book embeds a novel evolutionary analysis of human group selection within a comprehensive overview of multilevel selection theory, a theory wherein evolution proceeds at the level of individual organisms and collectives, such as human families, tribes, states, and empires. Where previous works on the topic have variously supported multilevel selection with logic, theory, experimental data, or via review of the zoological literature; in this book the authors uniquely establish the validity of human group selection as a historical evolutionary process within a multilevel selection framework. Select portions of the historical record are examined from a multilevel selectionist perspective, such that clashing civilizations, decline and fall, law, custom, war, genocide, ostracism, banishment, and the like are viewed with the end of understanding their implications for internal cohesion, external defense, and population demography. In doing so, its authors advance the potential for further interdisciplinary study in fostering, for instance, the convergence of history and biology. This work will provide fresh insights not only for evolutionists but also for researchers working across the social sciences and humanities.
Download or read book Punishment written by Mark Tunick and published by University of California Press. This book was released on 1915 with total page 810 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What actions should be punished? Should plea-bargaining be allowed? How should sentencing be determined? In this original, penetrating study, Mark Tunick explores not only why society punishes wrongdoing, but also how it implements punishment. Contending that the theory and practice of punishment are inherently linked, Tunick draws on a broad range of thinkers, from the radical criticisms of Nietzsche, Foucault, and some Marxist theorists through the sociological theories of Durkheim and Girard to various philosophical traditions and the "law and economics" movement. He defends punishment against its radical critics and offers a version of retribution, distinct from revenge, that holds that we punish not to deter or reform, but to mete out just deserts, vindicate right, and express society's righteous anger. Demonstrating first how this theory best accounts for how punishment is carried out, he then provides "immanent criticism" of certain features of our practice that don't accord with the retributive principle. Thought-provoking and deftly argued, Punishment will garner attention and spark debate among political theorists, philosophers, legal scholars, sociologists, and criminologists. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1992. What actions should be punished? Should plea-bargaining be allowed? How should sentencing be determined? In this original, penetrating study, Mark Tunick explores not only why society punishes wrongdoing, but also how it implements punishment.
Download or read book Catherine the Great written by Simon Dixon and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-10-23 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neither a comprehensive 'life and times' nor a conventional biography, this is an engaging and accessible exploration of rulership and monarchial authority in eighteenth century Russia. Its purpose is to see how Catherine II of Russia conceived of her power and how it was represented to her subjects. Simon Dixon asks essential questions about Catherin'es life and reign, and offers new and stimulating arguments about the Englightenment, the power of the monarch in early modern Europe, and the much-debated role of the "great individual" in history.
Download or read book Catalogue of Copyright Entries written by and published by . This book was released on 1915 with total page 824 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Russian Empire written by Andreas Kappeler and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-08-27 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The "national question" and how to impose control over its diverse ethnic identities has long posed a problem for the Russian state. This major survey of Russia as a multi-ethnic empire spans the imperial years from the sixteenth century to 1917, with major consideration of the Soviet phase. It asks how Russians incorporated new territories, how they were resisted, what the character of a multi-ethnic empire was and how, finally, these issues related to nationalism.
Download or read book Joseph II written by T C W Blanning and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-11-26 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Joseph II (1741--90) -- son and eventual successor of Maria Theresa -- has conventionally been seen in the context of the "Enlightened Despot'' reformers. Today's turmoil in his former territories invites a rather different perspective, however, as Joseph grapples with the familiar and intractable problems of creating a viable unitary state out of his multi-national empire in Central Europe. Professor Blanning's brilliant short study, based on extensive archival research, offers a history of the Habsburg monarchy in the eighteenth century, as well as a revaluation of the emperor's complex personality and his ill-fated reform programme.
Download or read book Poland written by George Sanford and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Poland pioneered the collapse of communism in Eastern Europe. Domestic reformism and the negotiated abdication of ruling elites in 1989 have structured the country's politics in the 1990s. But the division between the communist and Solidarity camps continues to cause problems for a potential reform coalition aiming to complete modernisation through the restructuring required for EU membership. Secular-Catholic and rural-urban conflicts, and well as the growing regional split between the north-west and south-east, have fragmented political life and the party system. Nevertheless, Poland has made remarkable steps in the consolidation of democracy and the development of her political system, whilst maintaining social stability; she is also successfully transcending her historical security dilemma of open western and eastern frontiers and stronger, aggressive neighbours, by embedding herself in Europe through membership of NATO and the EU. Poland is overcoming her historical problems.
