Download or read book The Responses of Marine Microorganisms Communities and Ecofunctions to Environmental Gradients written by Stefan M. Sievert and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-04-05 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine environments are fluid. Microorganisms living in the ocean experience diverse environmental changes over wide spatiotemporal scales. For microorganisms and their communities to survive and function in the ocean, they need to have the capacity to sense, respond to, adapt to and/or withstand periodic and sporadic environmental changes. This eBook collates a variety of recent research reports and theoretical discussions on the ecoenergetic strategies, community structure, biogeochemical and ecosystem functions as well as regulatory processes and mechanisms that marine microorganisms employ in response to environmental gradients and variations.

Download or read book The Responses of Marine Microorganisms Communities and Ecofunctions to Environmental Gradients written by Hongyue Dang and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.

Download or read book Microbial response to a rapidly changing marine environment Global warming and ocean acidification volume II written by Mi Sun Yun and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-01-05 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Responses of Marine Microbes to Multiple Environmental Drivers of Global Change the Interplay of Abiotic and Biotic Factors written by Yuanyuan Feng and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-10-17 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Biosurfactants A Boon to Healthcare Agriculture Environmental Sustainability written by Arun Kumar Pradhan, Manoranjan Arakha and published by Bentham Science Publishers. This book was released on 2024-03-05 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biosurfactants, derived from microbes and plants, exhibit diverse properties that help in emulsifying and foaming processes. With applications in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and agriculture, they also show antimicrobial and environmental benefits, such as oil removal in polluted areas. Biosurfactants show promise for pollution control and improving agriculture. This reference covers the basic science and major applications of biosurfactants. The book brings together contributions from experts in microbiology, cancer biology, pharmaceutical science, nanotechnology, plant biotechnology and environmental sciences into a single volume. The key features of the book are - Explains the basics of biosurfactants - Discusses novel applications of biosurfactants in the field of medicine, agriculture and environmental sustainability. - Includes special chapters that review the role of biosurfactants in environmental remediation and omics research - Includes detailed references in each chapter This book is an essential resource for learners and professional trainees who require knowledge about biosurfactants. It also provides information for anyone who is working on environmental sustainability projects.

Download or read book Microbial Ecology of the Oceans written by Josep M. Gasol and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-03-27 with total page 571 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The newly revised and updated third edition of the bestselling book on microbial ecology in the oceans The third edition of Microbial Ecology of the Oceans features new topics, as well as different approaches to subjects dealt with in previous editions. The book starts out with a general introduction to the changes in the field, as well as looking at the prospects for the coming years. Chapters cover ecology, diversity, and function of microbes, and of microbial genes in the ocean. The biology and ecology of some model organisms, and how we can model the whole of the marine microbes, are dealt with, and some of the trophic roles that have changed in the last years are discussed. Finally, the role of microbes in the oceanic P cycle are presented. Microbial Ecology of the Oceans, Third Edition offers chapters on The Evolution of Microbial Ecology of the Ocean; Marine Microbial Diversity as Seen by High Throughput Sequencing; Ecological Significance of Microbial Trophic Mixing in the Oligotrophic Ocean; Metatranscritomics and Metaproteomics; Advances in Microbial Ecology from Model Marine Bacteria; Marine Microbes and Nonliving Organic Matter; Microbial Ecology and Biogeochemistry of Oxygen-Deficient Water Columns; The Ocean’s Microscale; Ecological Genomics of Marine Viruses; Microbial Physiological Ecology of The Marine Phosphorus Cycle; Phytoplankton Functional Types; and more. A new and updated edition of a key book in aquatic microbial ecology Includes widely used methodological approaches Fully describes the structure of the microbial ecosystem, discussing in particular the sources of carbon for microbial growth Offers theoretical interpretations of subtropical plankton biogeography Microbial Ecology of the Oceans is an ideal text for advanced undergraduates, beginning graduate students, and colleagues from other fields wishing to learn about microbes and the processes they mediate in marine systems.

Download or read book Stressors in the Marine Environment written by Martin Solan and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A multitude of direct and indirect human influences have significantly altered the environmental conditions, composition, and diversity of marine communities. However, understanding and predicting the combined impacts of single and multiple stressors is particularly challenging because observed ecological feedbacks are underpinned by a number of physiological and behavioural responses that reflect stressor type, severity, and timing. Furthermore, integration between the traditional domains of physiology and ecology tends to be fragmented and focused towards the effects of a specific stressor or set of circumstances. This novel volume summarises the latest research in the physiological and ecological responses of marine species to a comprehensive range of marine stressors, including chemical and noise pollution, ocean acidification, hypoxia, UV radiation, thermal and salinity stress before providing a perspective on future outcomes for some of the most pressing environmental issues facing society today. Stressors in the Marine Environment synthesises the combined expertise of a range of international researchers, providing a truly interdisciplinary and accessible summary of the field. It is essential reading for graduate students as well as professional researchers in environmental physiology, ecology, marine biology, conservation biology, and marine resource management. It will also be of particular relevance and use to the regulatory agencies and authorities tasked with managing the marine environment, including social scientists and environmental economists.

Download or read book Microbial Response to a Rapidly Changing Marine Environment Global Warming and Ocean Acidification written by Mi Sun Yun and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-09-24 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Systems Biology of Marine Ecosystems written by Manoj Kumar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-17 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the latest advances in systems biology in four plant-based marine ecosystems: seaweeds, seagrasses, microalgae, and corals. Marine organisms that inhabit the oceanic environment experience a diverse range of environmental fluctuations, anthropogenic stress, and threats from invasive species and pathogens. System biology integrates physiology, genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics into numerical models and is emerging as an important approach to elucidate the functional adaptations of marine organisms to adverse environmental conditions. This book focuses on how ecophysiology, omics platforms, their integration (a systems biology perspective), and next generation sequencing tools are being used to address the stress response of marine seaweeds, seagrasses, corals, marine microbe diversity, and micro-and macroalgae/corals-bacterial interactions to global climate change and anthropogenic activities. The contents of the book are of special interest to graduate and postgraduate marine biology students and marine biology researchers, particularly those interested in marine ecology, stress physiology of marine macrophytes/corals/phytoplankton, and environmental microbiology. This book would also be of interest to marine engineers engaged in the management and conservation of our valuable marine resources.

Download or read book Biodiversity of Marine Microbes written by Savvas Genitsaris and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-08-31 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book entitled “Biodiversity of Marine Microbes” aims at highlighting the significance of marine microbes as primary producers, their contribution in complex ecological processes and their roles in biogeochemical cycles and ecosystem functioning. The book includes five research papers covering the diversity and composition of marine microbial communities representing all three domains of life in various marine environments, including coastal eutrophic areas, ice waters, and lagoons. One paper examines the diversity and succession of bacterial and archaeal communities from coastal waters in mesocosm experiments. The combination of classical tools with novel technological advances implemented in the methods of the papers offered an opportunity to answer fundamental questions and shed light on the complex and diverse life of marine microbes.

Download or read book Spatiotemporal Variability of Bacterial Communities in Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems of California written by Melissa Lynne Partyka and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microorganisms are fundamental members of aquatic and marine ecosystems capable of affecting the macroecology of these systems by serving as the foundation of complex food chains, biogeochemical processes, and disease dynamics. Though recognized as foundational, scientists continue to struggle to apply basic ecological concepts of like community, spatiotemporal variability, gradients, and disturbance regimes to microorganisms in meaningful ways due to the vast differences in scale between macrobial sampling designs and microbial existence. However, until new ecological concepts have been generated for understanding microbial populations, we must continue to sample varied habitats at multiple spatial and temporal scales with the hope of capturing both unique and common characteristics of these communities that will allow us to predict their responses to a changing environment. The ability to predict microbial behavior has particular importance for human health; for that reason, this research focused on bacterial members of the greater microbial community that have been associated with illness and disease in humans utilizing both culture and molecular techniques followed by multiple-regression analyses. In Chapter 1, the intention was to examine bacterial populations at broad spatial and temporal scales within 6 freshwater reservoirs in the foothills of the Sierra Nevada Mountains. We sought to understand whether microbial water quality within reservoirs was driven by upstream conditions and subsequently predictive of downstream outcomes. Specifically, this research sought to understand the variability of fecal indicator bacteria (Escherichia coli and fecal coliforms) and pathogens (E. coli O157:H7, Non-O157 shiga toxin-producing E. coli and Salmonella) along both horizontal and vertical profiles within California reservoirs as it related to upstream river sources and downstream irrigation water supplies. Continued monitoring and modeling of both bacterial indicators and enteric pathogens are critical to our ability to estimate the risk of surface irrigation water supplies and make appropriate management decisions. In this study, the extreme variability in microbial populations across both space and time made successful predictions largely impossible and underlined the extreme importance of sampling these dynamic communities at scales where their behavior can be observed, particularly where human health may be impacted. I sought to further refine the scale of examination in Chapter 2 which moved from the freshwater of the Sierras to the marine habits of coastal California. In these systems the bacterial genus Vibrio is both endemic and occasionally pathogenic. Thus, we strove for greater understanding of how four members of Vibrio, V. alginolyticus, V. parahaemolyticus, V. cholerae, and V. vulnificus, referred to as “the big four” of global human illness, interact with their environment and respond to changing conditions. We examined finer-scale spatial and temporal variability of the “big four” in one bay of Northern California, Tomales Bay, highly popular with tourists and known as a premier region for shellfish production. As with Chapter 1, bacterial populations were highly dynamic in both space and time. However, these data were more easily modeled by capturing weekly, daily, and occasionally hourly changes to the environment during seasonal storms and sub-meter differences in sediment characteristics during acute tidal cycles. As with the previous chapter, pathogen prevalence or concentration in water, sediment, or shellfish did not correlate (p>0.1) with concentrations of fecal indicator bacteria, suggesting the need for revisions to the current regulatory monitoring efforts. For the third and final chapter I chose to manipulate the environment experienced by microorganisms in a manner that is common to intertidal sand and mudflats along most coastlines, recreational clamming activity. The impact of physical disturbance by clamming activity on microbial communities of intertidal sand flats has received relatively little attention, though the state of California estimates that 20-40K clams are taken from California bays annually, suggesting many people are performing the behavior and a large volume of sediment is being moved. I examined these impacts through a replicated cross-factorial longitudinal experiment on two emergent islands at the mouth of Tomales Bay. By following these exact sites through time we were able to reveal a wealth diversity within a single species of Vibrio, V. alginolyticus, and examine how that diversity changed through recurring tidal cycles. Further, while it was apparent that our targeted species were not significantly (p>0.05) impacted by our experimental disturbances, there were clear differences in the responses of indicator bacteria (fecal coliforms and enterococci) and vibrios by location and across time. These data illustrate that a great deal remains to be discovered about human influence over microbial communities in coastal systems, opening the door for further refinement in study designs. Taken as a whole, this series of studies has helped to further highlight the need of studies that examine microbial populations not only at scales that are relevant to the organism under investigation, but to the humans that may encounter them and fall ill. I sought to provide suggestion to aid the regulatory community in modifying current guidelines in the interest of public health and to encourage the ecological community to continue to evaluate the impact of scale on our ability to make inferences and gain understanding of these unseen and complex microbial communities.

Download or read book Towards a Mechanistic Understanding of Marine Microbial Ecosystems written by Julia C. Engelmann and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-01-27 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Socio Ecology of Microbes in a Changing Ocean written by Matthias Wietz and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-08-02 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Socio-ecological interactions between microbes and associated organisms are integral elements of marine ecosystem dynamics. This Research Topic combines sixteen papers on interactions across the major domains of marine life, including prokaryotes, phytoplankton, macroalgae, cnidarians, viruses and fungi. These studies offer exciting insights into microbial cooperation and competition, holobiont ecology, interkingdom signaling, chemical microdiversity, and biogeography. Understanding such network processes is essential for the interpretation of ecosystem functioning and biogeochemical events, particularly in the wake of climate change.

Download or read book Climate Change Ocean Acidification and Sponges written by José Luis Carballo and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-27 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While sponges represent a very simple group of organisms, which are represented by over 8000 species, there is considerable interest in the increasing role they may play in future marine ecosystems. While we still have a comparatively limited understanding of how sponges will respond to ocean warming and acidification there is evidence that some species may have the ability to acclimate or even adapt to these stressors. This comprehensive collection of articles describes our current understanding of the impacts of ocean acidification and warming on sponges across multiple levels of biological organisation, and from the geological past to the present. With expert contributions from across the world this book represents the most up-to-date view on sponge responses to climate change. This book will be of interest to a wide audience of marine scientists and managers, who are grappling with how to manage, conserve and protect marine ecosystems.

Download or read book Pollutant Responses in Marine Organisms PRIMO 16 Held in Long Beach CA written by International Symposium on Pollutant Responses in Marine Organisms and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Diversity and Community Composition in Marine Molluscan Microbiomes written by Alexander Theodore Neu and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ecological communities have been shown to vary in some predictable ways through space, time, and along environmental gradients, suggesting there may be underlying "rules" in ecology which govern these patterns and processes. However, nearly all our knowledge of these trends comes from studies of large eukaryotes such as plants and animals, and we know very little about how these eukaryotic patterns compare to those of bacteria and archaea, the most dominant life forms on the planet. The goal of this dissertation is to determine whether ecological patterns that are evident in plants and animals are also applicable to host-associated microbes. First, I investigated whether these microbes exhibit large-scale spatial trends in diversity and community composition that are concordant with those of their eukaryotic hosts. Specifically, I investigated changes in community composition across a marine biogeographic boundary and changes in diversity along a latitudinal transect. Results showed that microbiome compositions varied significantly between geographic sites, but that the identity of the host species played a greater role than geography in determining community composition. Further, microbes associated with the California mussel, Mytilus californianus, did not show a traditional latitudinal diversity gradient, and latitudinal diversity patterns varied based on microbial group and host body site. Next, I investigated whether host-associated microbial communities vary over time and in response to environmental change in similar ways to their eukaryotic hosts. I found that over an 11-year period, and in response to environmental change, microbial communities of the bean clam, Donax gouldii, significantly differed in composition, but not in richness. Further, I found that microbes did not regularly diverge in concordance with their intertidal gastropod hosts in the ~3.5 million years since the closure of the Isthmus of Panama, though this was dependent on the host taxa and the body site from which the microbes were collected. Finally, I investigated whether current methodologies for determining the core microbiome are guided by ecological and evolutionary principles and identify critical areas for future research. Overall, this dissertation shows that large-scale patterns in host-associated microbial taxa are often context-dependent and distinct from those of their hosts.

Download or read book Microbial Communities written by Li Zhao and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: