Download or read book Costs and Benefits of Reducing Lead in Gasoline written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Phasing Out Lead from Gasoline written by Magda Lovei and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1998 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Bank Technical Paper No. 397.Human exposure to lead represents a serious environmental health problem in many urban areas. This report underlines the World Banks catalytic role in building government commitment, adopting appropriate policies, and facilitating the implementation of lead phaseout. Based on a review of health and technical issues, it points out that the phaseout of lead from gasoline is a desirable policy measure which can yield significant social benefits.

Download or read book Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium and Heavy Duty Vehicles written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-07-30 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles evaluates various technologies and methods that could improve the fuel economy of medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, such as tractor-trailers, transit buses, and work trucks. The book also recommends approaches that federal agencies could use to regulate these vehicles' fuel consumption. Currently there are no fuel consumption standards for such vehicles, which account for about 26 percent of the transportation fuel used in the U.S. The miles-per-gallon measure used to regulate the fuel economy of passenger cars. is not appropriate for medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, which are designed above all to carry loads efficiently. Instead, any regulation of medium- and heavy-duty vehicles should use a metric that reflects the efficiency with which a vehicle moves goods or passengers, such as gallons per ton-mile, a unit that reflects the amount of fuel a vehicle would use to carry a ton of goods one mile. This is called load-specific fuel consumption (LSFC). The book estimates the improvements that various technologies could achieve over the next decade in seven vehicle types. For example, using advanced diesel engines in tractor-trailers could lower their fuel consumption by up to 20 percent by 2020, and improved aerodynamics could yield an 11 percent reduction. Hybrid powertrains could lower the fuel consumption of vehicles that stop frequently, such as garbage trucks and transit buses, by as much 35 percent in the same time frame.

Download or read book The Distributional Implications of the Impact of Fuel Price Increases on Inflation written by Mr. Kangni R Kpodar and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-11-12 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper investigates the response of consumer price inflation to changes in domestic fuel prices, looking at the different categories of the overall consumer price index (CPI). We then combine household survey data with the CPI components to construct a CPI index for the poorest and richest income quintiles with the view to assess the distributional impact of the pass-through. To undertake this analysis, the paper provides an update to the Global Monthly Retail Fuel Price Database, expanding the product coverage to premium and regular fuels, the time dimension to December 2020, and the sample to 190 countries. Three key findings stand out. First, the response of inflation to gasoline price shocks is smaller, but more persistent and broad-based in developing economies than in advanced economies. Second, we show that past studies using crude oil prices instead of retail fuel prices to estimate the pass-through to inflation significantly underestimate it. Third, while the purchasing power of all households declines as fuel prices increase, the distributional impact is progressive. But the progressivity phases out within 6 months after the shock in advanced economies, whereas it persists beyond a year in developing countries.

Download or read book Phasing Lead Out of Gasoline written by United Nations Environment Programme. Division of Technology, Industry, and Economics and published by UNEP/Earthprint. This book was released on 1999 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Limit Lead in Gasoline written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce. Subcommittee on the Environment and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hearing on regulations of the Environmental Protection Agency to limit lead in gasoline.

Download or read book Lead written by Lorna Fewtrell and published by . This book was released on 2003-05 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This guide outlines a method for estimating the disease burden at national, city or local levels caused by environmental exposure to lead. The method described in the guide assesses lead exposure from the distribution of lead levels in blood samples representative of the study population.

Download or read book Airborne Lead Reduction Act of 1984 written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Limit Lead in Gasoline Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Environment Of 93 1 November 29 1973 written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Phasing Out Lead from Gasoline in Central and Eastern Europe written by Magda Lovei and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation Implementing the Environmental Action Programme for Central and Eastern Europe As a result of increasing awareness of the dangers of lead to human health and measures to tackle urban air pollution, the use of lead additives in gasoline has been declining rapidly worldwide since the 1970s. A number of countries have completely eliminated the use of lead additives in gasoline, but in Central and Eastern Europe, lead still ranks as one of the most serious and widespread environmental hazards--yet one that is relatively inexpensive to remedy. At a major international conference on the environment held in Switzerland in 1993, fifty countries endorsed the Environmental Action Programme for Central and Eastern Europe, which addressed environmental priority issues such as lead exposure. Phasing out Lead from Gasoline in Central and Eastern Europe summarizes the findings of case studies on lead phase-out as a first-step study designed to assist in the implementation of the Environmental Action Programme. It examines major sources and levels of lead exposure in the region, looks at the costs of phasing out leaded gasoline, describes progress in reducing lead exposure over the past 5-8 years, identifies human health improvements, and draws on lessons of experience from countries in the region. One of the case studies, for example, describes in detail the complete phase-out of leaded gasoline in the Slovak Republic. Although it recognizes the importance of dealing with all significant sources of lead exposure, the study focuses on lead exposure from the exhaust of vehicles using leaded gasoline.

Download or read book Inorganic Lead Exposure and Intoxications written by Nicolo Castellino and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1994-11-22 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inorganic Lead Exposure: Metabolism and Intoxication offers a comprehensive review of the evolution of scientific knowledge and the current state of the art in relation to lead interaction with the environment and the mammalian body. The authors focus on the sources of lead pollution to which humans are exposed during daily and working life, and on lead uptake, distribution, and excretion, clarifying our knowledge of the toxicity of this metal. They also provide a highly detailed description of saturnism and a thorough analysis of its critical effects on target organs.

Download or read book Transactions of the American Institute of Mining Metallurgical and Petroleum Engineers written by American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers and published by . This book was released on 1924 with total page 1320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some vols., 1920-1949, contain collections of papers according to subject.

Download or read book Annual Report of the Secretary of the Treasury on the State of the Finances for the Year written by United States. Department of the Treasury and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 1124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Annual Report of the Secretary of the Treasury on the State of the Finances with Accompanying Tables written by United States. Department of the Treasury and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 930 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Letter from the Secretary of the Treasury Transmitting His Annual Report on the State of the Finances written by United States. Department of the Treasury and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 928 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Statistical Appendix to Annual Report of the Secretary of the Treasury on the State of the Finances written by United States. Department of the Treasury and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 924 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Federal Register written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 1482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: