Download or read book The Ramifications of the Reconstruction Era in the Choctaw and Chickasaw Nations 1865 1907 written by Heather L. Raley and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book I ve Been Here All the While written by Alaina E. Roberts and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2021-03-12 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perhaps no other symbol has more resonance in African American history than that of "40 acres and a mule"—the lost promise of Black reparations for slavery after the Civil War. In I've Been Here All the While, we meet the Black people who actually received this mythic 40 acres, the American settlers who coveted this land, and the Native Americans whose holdings it originated from. In nineteenth-century Indian Territory (modern-day Oklahoma), a story unfolds that ties African American and Native American history tightly together, revealing a western theatre of Civil War and Reconstruction, in which Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creek, and Seminole Indians, their Black slaves, and African Americans and whites from the eastern United States fought military and rhetorical battles to lay claim to land that had been taken from others. Through chapters that chart cycles of dispossession, land seizure, and settlement in Indian Territory, Alaina E. Roberts draws on archival research and family history to upend the traditional story of Reconstruction. She connects debates about Black freedom and Native American citizenship to westward expansion onto Native land. As Black, white, and Native people constructed ideas of race, belonging, and national identity, this part of the West became, for a short time, the last place where Black people could escape Jim Crow, finding land and exercising political rights, until Oklahoma statehood in 1907.
Download or read book The Chickasaw Freedmen written by Daniel F. Littlefield and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1980-12-19 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Littlefield's account of the freed blacks' social and economic life is a valuable discussion. Students of the West and race relations will welcome this book.
Download or read book The 1921 Tulsa Race Massacre written by Karlos K. Hill and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 2021-03-18 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On the evening of May 31, 1921, and in the early morning hours of June 1, several thousand white citizens and authorities violently attacked the African American Greenwood District of Tulsa, Oklahoma. In the course of some twelve hours of mob violence, white Tulsans reduced one of the nation’s most prosperous black communities to rubble and killed an estimated 300 people, mostly African Americans. This richly illustrated volume, featuring more than 175 photographs, along with oral testimonies, shines a new spotlight on the race massacre from the vantage point of its victims and survivors. Historian and Black Studies professor Karlos K. Hill presents a range of photographs taken before, during, and after the massacre, mostly by white photographers. Some of the images are published here for the first time. Comparing these photographs to those taken elsewhere in the United States of lynchings, the author makes a powerful case for terming the 1921 outbreak not a riot but a massacre. White civilians, in many cases assisted or condoned by local and state law enforcement, perpetuated a systematic and coordinated attack on Black Tulsans and their property. Despite all the violence and devastation, black Tulsans rebuilt the Greenwood District brick by brick. By the mid-twentieth century, Greenwood had reached a new zenith, with nearly 250 Black-owned and Black-operated businesses. Today the citizens of Greenwood, with support from the broader community, continue to work diligently to revive the neighborhood once known as “Black Wall Street.” As a result, Hill asserts, the most important legacy of the Tulsa Race Massacre is the grit and resilience of the Black survivors of racist violence. The 1921 Tulsa Race Massacre: A Photographic History offers a perspective largely missing from other accounts. At once captivating and disturbing, it will embolden readers to confront the uncomfortable legacy of racial violence in U.S. history.
Download or read book Civil Rights in America written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Prehistory of the Proposed Clayton Lake Area Southeast Oklahoma written by Rain Vehik and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A History of the Rectangular Survey System written by C. Albert White and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 794 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book That Religion in Which All Men Agree written by David G. Hackett and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2015-09-15 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An analysis of how Freemasonry has shaped American religious history.
Download or read book The Chickasaws written by Arrell M. Gibson and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 2012-11-21 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For 350 years the Chickasaws-one of the Five Civilized Tribes-made a sustained effort to preserve their tribal institutions and independence in the face of increasing encroachments by white men. This is the first book-length account of their valiant-but doomed-struggle. Against an ethnohistorical background, the author relates the story of the Chickasaws from their first recorded contacts with Europeans in the lower Mississippi Valley in 1540 to final dissolution of the Chickasaw Nation in 1906. Included are the years of alliance with the British, the dealings with the Americans, and the inevitable removal to Indian Territory (Oklahoma) in 1837 under pressure from settlers in Mississippi and Alabama. Among the significant events in Chickasaw history were the tribe’s surprisingly strong alliance with the South during the Civil War and the federal actions thereafter which eventually resulted in the absorption of the Chickasaw Nation into the emerging state of Oklahoma.
Download or read book The Cherokee Nation in the Civil War written by Clarissa W. Confer and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 2012-03-01 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No one questions the horrific impact of the Civil War on America, but few realize its effect on American Indians. Residents of Indian Territory found the war especially devastating. Their homeland was beset not only by regular army operations but also by guerillas and bushwhackers. Complicating the situation even further, Cherokee men fought for the Union as well as the Confederacy and created their own “brothers’ war.” This book offers a broad overview of the war as it affected the Cherokees—a social history of a people plunged into crisis. The Cherokee Nation in the Civil War shows how the Cherokee people, who had only just begun to recover from the ordeal of removal, faced an equally devastating upheaval in the Civil War. Clarissa W. Confer illustrates how the Cherokee Nation, with its sovereign status and distinct culture, had a wartime experience unlike that of any other group of people—and suffered perhaps the greatest losses of land, population, and sovereignty. Confer examines decision-making and leadership within the tribe, campaigns and soldiering among participants on both sides, and elements of civilian life and reconstruction. She reveals how a centuries-old culture informed the Cherokees’ choices, with influences as varied as matrilineal descent, clan affiliations, economic distribution, and decentralized government combining to distinguish the Native reaction to the war. The Cherokee Nation in the Civil War recalls a people enduring years of hardship while also struggling for their future as the white man’s war encroached on the physical and political integrity of their nation.
Download or read book The Five Civilized Tribes written by and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 1989 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the problems of the Indian tribes in trying to maintain a self-derived culture, while adapting to the alien influences of the white man's society during the nineteenth century
Download or read book The WPA Oklahoma Slave Narratives written by T. Lindsay Baker and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "I never talk to nobody 'bout this" was the response of one aged African American when asked by a Works Project Administration field worker to share memories of his life in slavery and after emancipation. He and other ex-slaves were uncomfortable with the memories of a time when black and white lives were interwoven through human bondage. Yet the WPA field workers overcame the old people's reticence, and American West scholars T. Lindsay Baker and Julie P. Baker have collected all the known WPA Oklahoma "slave narratives" in this volume for the first time - including fourteen never published before. Their careful editorial notes detail what is known about the interviewers and the process of preparing the narratives.
Download or read book The American Indian as Participant in the Civil War written by Annie Heloise Abel and published by . This book was released on 1919 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Oklahoma Historical Society written by Oklahoma Historical Society and published by . This book was released on 1940 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Civil War and Reconstruction Eras written by Tracey Baptiste and published by The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. This book was released on 2015-07-15 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This extensive guide details the political and economic forces that affected the expansion of slavery and how slaves, freed black Americans, and white liberal politicians fought for the freedom of slaves and for the basic rights of dignity and protection that they had not previously enjoyed under the law. The book sheds light on the collective and sometimes little-known contributions of African Americans to their own freedom and traces the economic disparity between the freed slaves and the rest of America, the rise of terrorism targeting African Americans, and the politics that eventually led to the Jim Crow era.
Download or read book Why is the Negro Lynched written by Frederick Douglass and published by Lindhardt og Ringhof. This book was released on 2022-09-13 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written just a year before his death, ‘Why is the Negro Lynched?’ is one of Douglass’ most moving and passionate speeches. Still sadly-pertinent today, his skill as a wordsmith is captured in passages that discuss everything from law and respect for human life to religion and the necessity for belonging. An expert orator, Douglass presents his arguments as though they were part of a court case, deftly switching between the roles of prosecution and defence, before passing sentence against the white establishment of the time. An important book for anyone and everyone. Frederick Douglass (1818-1995) was an American abolitionist and author. Born into slavery in Maryland, he was of African, European, and Native American descent. He was separated from his mother at a young age and lived with his grandmother until he was moved to another plantation. Frederick was taught his alphabet by the wife of one of his owners, a knowledge he passed on to other slaves. In 1838, he successfully escaped slavery by jumping on a north-bound train. After less than 24 hours, he was in New York and free. The same year, he married the woman that had inspired his run for freedom and started working actively as a social reformer, orator, statesman, and women’s rights defender. He remains most known today for his 1845 autobiography "Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave."
Download or read book The Cambridge History of Native American Literature written by Melanie Benson Taylor and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-09-17 with total page 927 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Native American literature has always been uniquely embattled. It is marked by divergent opinions about what constitutes authenticity, sovereignty, and even literature. It announces a culture beset by paradox: simultaneously primordial and postmodern; oral and inscribed; outmoded and novel. Its texts are a site of political struggle, shifting to meet external and internal expectations. This Cambridge History endeavors to capture and question the contested character of Indigenous texts and the way they are evaluated. It delineates significant periods of literary and cultural development in four sections: “Traces & Removals” (pre-1870s); “Assimilation and Modernity” (1879-1967); “Native American Renaissance” (post-1960s); and “Visions & Revisions” (21st century). These rubrics highlight how Native literatures have evolved alongside major transitions in federal policy toward the Indian, and via contact with broader cultural phenomena such, as the American Civil Rights movement. There is a balance between a history of canonical authors and traditions, introducing less-studied works and themes, and foregrounding critical discussions, approaches, and controversies.
