Download or read book The Gastrointestinal Circulation written by Peter R. Kvietys and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2010 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The microcirculation of the gastrointestinal tract is under the control of both myogenic and metabolic regulatory systems. The myogenic mechanism contributes to basal vascular tone and the regulation of transmural pressure, while the metabolic mechanism is responsible for maintaining an appropriate balance between O2 demand and O2 delivery. In the postprandial state, hydrolytic products of food digestion elicit a hyperemia, which serves to meet the increased O2 demand of nutrient assimilation. Metabolically linked factors (e.g., tissue pO2, adenosine) are primarily responsible for this functional hyperemia. The fenestrated capillaries of the gastrointestinal mucosa are relatively permeable to small hydrolytic products of food digestion (e.g., glucose), yet restrict the transcapillary movement of larger molecules (e.g., albumin). This allows for the absorption of hydrolytic products of food digestion without compromising the oncotic pressure gradient governing transcapillary fluid movement and edema formation. The gastrointestinal microcirculation is also an important component of the mucosal defense system whose function is to prevent (and rapidly repair) inadvertent epithelial injury by potentially noxious constituents of chyme. Two pathological conditions in which the gastrointestinal circulation plays an important role are ischemia/reperfusion and chronic portal hypertension. Ischemia/reperfusion results in mucosal edema and disruption of the epithelium due, in part, to an inflammatory response (e.g., increase in capillary permeability to macromolecules and neutrophil infiltration). Chronic portal hypertension results in an increase in gastrointestinal blood flow due to an imbalance in vasodilator and vasoconstrictor influences on the microcirculation. Table of Contents: Introduction / Anatomy / Regulation of Vascular Tone and Oxygenation / Extrinsic Vasoregulation: Neural and Humoral / Postprandial Hyperemia / Transcapillary Solute Exchange / Transcapillary Fluid Exchange / Interaction of Capillary and Interstitial Forces / Gastrointestinal Circulation and Mucosal Defense / Gastrointestinal Circulation and Mucosal Pathology I: Ischemia/Reperfusion / Gastrointestinal Circulation and Mucosal Pathology II: Chronic Portal Hypertension / Summary and Conclusions / References / Author Biography

Download or read book Vascular Disorders of the Liver written by Dominique Valla and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-03 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive account on individually rare, but collectively frequent diseases of the liver. In the first part, conditions such as hepatic vascular malformations, ischemic cholangiopathy, hepatic artery occlusion, sinusoidal conditions and Budd-Chiari syndrome are discussed among others. The second part examines the causes of vascular liver disease namely, coagulation disorders, neoplasm disorders, non-malignant blood disorders, systemic diseases and toxins, among others. The unique expertise of the authors, who are all members of the Vascular Liver Disease Disorders Group, an independent network of researchers with a common interest in Vascular Liver Diseases, are merged for an optimal pragmatic and individualized approach. This book is of interest to a broad range of experts, such as hepatologists, internists, radiologists and angiologists.

Download or read book Variceal Bleeding written by David Westaby and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Handbook of Pediatric Surgery written by Chandrasen K. Sinha and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-06-25 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although pediatric surgery is a distinct and evolving specialty, it still remains an integral part of most general surgical and paediatric medical practice. Nevertheless, surgery in children does differ from adult practice in various fundamental ways, and there are key physiological and anatomical differences that constantly need underlining. Progress and improvement in outcome has also been rapid but it is sometimes difficult for practitioners to keep themselves up-to-date with the usual surgical or paediatric text books. This book will give a concise overview of all important topics and is designed to provide information in order to recognise the common surgical conditions; namely typical symptoms and signs, investigation and then treatment management. It will also provide an anatomical and physiological background to aid understanding, in addition to emphasising logical, and where possible, evidence-based practice by the use of flow charts, tables and algorithms. Authored by an international range of leading contributors, this is the first book of its kind to offer comprehensive coverage to this topic in a quick reference, pocket-book format.

Download or read book Anatomy for the FRCA written by James Bowness and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-07-11 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This practical, comprehensive anatomy book arms FRCA candidates with detailed, robust anatomical knowledge via a question-based approach.

Download or read book Hepatic Circulation written by W. Wayne Lautt and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2009-11-17 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Hepatic circulation is unique among vascular beds. The most obvious unique features include the dual vascular supply; the mechanism of intrinsic regulation of the hepatic artery (the hepatic arterial buffer response); the fact that portal blood flow, supplying two thirds of liver blood flow, is not controlled directly by the liver; the fact that 20% of the cardiac output rushes through the most vascularized organ in the body, driven by a pressure gradient of only a few millimeters of mercury; the extremely distensible capacitance and venous resistance sites; the unidirectional acinar blood flow that regulates parenchymal cell metabolic specialization; and the high concentration of macrophagic (Kupffer) cells filtering the blood. The liver is the only organ reported to have regional blood flow monitored by the autonomic nervous system. This mechanism, when dysfunctional, accounts for the hepatorenal syndrome and offers a mechanistic therapeutic target to treat this syndrome. The trigger for liver regeneration is dependent on hepatic hemodynamics so that chronic liver blood flow regulates liver cell mass. In severe liver disease, the whole body circulation is reorganized, by forming portacaval shunts, to accommodate the increased intrahepatic venous resistance. These shunts protect the venous drainage of the splanchnic organs but lead to loss of major regulatory roles of the liver. The development of knowledge of the hepatic vasculature is presented from a historical perspective with modern concepts summarized based on the perspective of the author's four decades of devotion to this most marvelous of organs. Table of Contents: Acknowledgements / Historical Perspectives / Overview / Fluid Exchange / Capacitance / Resistance in the Hepatic Artery / Resistance in the Venous System / Fetal and Neonatal Hepatic Circulation / In Vivo Pharmacodynamic Approaches / Nitric Oxide / Adenosine / Hepatic Nerves / Hepatic Circulation and Toxicology / Hepatorenal Syndrome / Integrative Hepatic Response to Hemorrhage / Blood Flow Regulation of Hepatocyte Proliferation / Multiple Mechanisms Maintaining a Constant Hepatic Blood Flow to Liver Mass Ratio / Pathopharmacology and Repurposing Drugs as a Research Strategy / References

Download or read book Body MDCT in Small Animals written by Giovanna Bertolini and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-05 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an up-to-date, technically detailed yet easy-to-read reference book on current clinical applications of MDCT in small animals. It has been designed to serve as the reference book for all MDCT-users, such as veterinary radiologists, imaging technicians, oncologists, surgeons, and non-radiologist clinicians. Individual chapters on novel clinically important topics include applications in endocrinology, oncology, trauma, and cardiovascular CT, as well as sections on organ-specific pathologies and their CT characteristics. The book will also cover main domains of CT, such as thorax and the trauma imaging. Anatomy, clinical aspects, pathology, and CT signs are integrated to provide the reader with the basis for interpretation of MDCT findings. Many excellent 2D multiplanar and 3D figures illustrating typical CT findings of various conditions will serve as a clinical reference for the reader.

Download or read book The Portal Venous System written by Charles Marks and published by Charles C. Thomas Publisher. This book was released on 1973 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Portal Hypertension written by Plinio Rossi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Portal hypertension is a relatively common condition, the complications of which are frequently life threatening. Patients with portal hypertension represent an important por tion of the daily clinical work of abdominal radiologists, gastroenterologists and abdominal surgeons. During the past two decades the development of new radiological devices and of new percutaneous image-guided treatment methods has resulted in fundamental changes in the clinical management of patients with portal hypertension. During the same period tremen dous progress was achieved in the visualization of the numerous morphological and func tional changes observed in patients with portal hypertension, due to the clinical introduc tion of the new cross-sectional imaging methods: ultrasonography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. I am very grateful to Prof. Plinio Rossi, an internationally recognized leader in the field of interventional radiology, for accepting the challenging task of compiling and presenting in a structured way the numerous facts and data that have become available during the past few years in this rapidly developing field. The editor has been inspired and successful in his selection of the impressive group of international experts that has contributed to many chapters of this volume.

Download or read book Common Surgeries Made Easy written by Efstathios Karamanos and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-27 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are about 1,300 general surgery residency spots a year in the US alone. In addition, 20,000 medical students rotate through surgery a year. With medical students and residents routinely scrubbing into surgeries that they've never seen or have only seen a handful of times, an easy, practical, to the point, user friendly reminder of the major steps of an operation is vital. It is not uncommon to see medical students and residents watching videos or searching online frantically to understand a common operation. This book serves as a practical guide for the resident to easily carry in their pocket, quickly skim through, and have the basic steps of every major operation at their fingertips. Common Surgeries Made Easy is written in a bullet point format with clear illustrations to provide an easy to read, quick overview of the "core" surgeries encountered during residency with some added advanced operations for extended use in the beginning stages of a medical career. Geared towards quick review for the oral board exams, this study guide caters specifically to the resident.

Download or read book Biomarkers in Liver Disease written by Victor R. Preedy and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-14 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past decade there has been a major sea change in the way disease is diagnosed and investigated due to the advent of high throughput technologies, such as microarrays, lab on a chip, proteomics, genomics, lipomics, metabolomics etc. These advances have enabled the discovery of new and novel markers of disease relating to autoimmune disorders, cancers, endocrine diseases, genetic disorders, sensory damage, intestinal diseases etc. In many instances these developments have gone hand in hand with the discovery of biomarkers elucidated via traditional or conventional methods, such as histopathology or clinical biochemistry. Together with microprocessor-based data analysis, advanced statistics and bioinformatics these markers have been used to identify individuals with active disease or pathology as well as those who are refractory or have distinguishing pathologies. New analytical methods that have been used to identify markers of disease and is suggested that there may be as many as 40 different platforms. Unfortunately techniques and methods have not been readily transferable to other disease states and sometimes diagnosis still relies on single analytes rather than a cohort of markers. There is thus a demand for a comprehensive and focused evidenced-based text and scientific literature that addresses these issues. Hence the formulation of Biomarkers in Disease The series covers a wide number of areas including for example, nutrition, cancer, endocrinology, cardiology, addictions, immunology, birth defects, genetics, and so on. The chapters are written by national or international experts and specialists.

Download or read book Diseases of the Abdomen and Pelvis 2018 2021 written by Juerg Hodler and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-03-20 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book deals with imaging of the abdomen and pelvis, an area that has seen considerable advances over the past several years, driven by clinical as well as technological developments. The respective chapters, written by internationally respected experts in their fields, focus on imaging diagnosis and interventional therapies in abdominal and pelvic disease; they cover all relevant imaging modalities, including magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and positron emission tomography. As such, the book offers a comprehensive review of the state of the art in imaging of the abdomen and pelvis. It will be of interest to general radiologists, radiology residents, interventional radiologists, and clinicians from other specialties who want to update their knowledge in this area.

Download or read book Atlas of Critical Care Echocardiography written by Alexis Salerno and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-28 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This atlas covers the basics of ultrasound physics, provides the necessary background to successfully perform TEE and TTE procedures, and provides tips and tricks that will prove invaluable in the critical care environment. It also features an abundance of high quality photographs, illustrations and videos as well as numerous case studies to test the reader's ability to apply knowledge to real-life clinical situations. Written by experts in the field, The Atlas of Critical Care Echocardiography is a concise, visual guide designed for use by all physicians who see cardiac patients in the ICU.

Download or read book Emergency Radiology written by Hani H. Abujudeh and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emergency Radiology presents a comprehensive review of emergency pathologies commonly encountered by practicing radiologists and residents in training. This book offers a guided approach to imaging diagnosis with examples of all imaging modalities complimented by the basics of interpretation and technique and the nuances necessary to arrive at the best diagnosis.

Download or read book Cognitive Pearls in General Surgery written by Vijay K. Maker and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-12-02 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text is organized by organ system and the illustrations highlight surgical pearls borne of experience and polished by the study of pertinent references. Hand-drawn and illustrated figures show exact anatomical relationships as we see them in-vivo. A question/answer format augments the images to allow the reader to actively reflect on the topic and to appraise his/her knowledge in that area. The discussion sections strive to explain not only what the correct answer is, but also why the distractors are wrong, in order to motivate discussion and self-reflection. Cognitive Pearls in General Surgery details the explicit thought processes and associations that underlie the understanding of the topics at hand, with the intent of enhancing the fun and enjoyment that only an informed and well-grounded practice of surgery can provide.

Download or read book Serum Pharmacochemistry of Traditional Chinese Medicine written by Xijun Wang and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-12-27 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Serum Pharmacochemistry of Traditional Chinese Medicine: Technologies, Strategies and Applications provides a valuable and indispensable guide on the latest methods, research advances, and applications in this area. Chapters offer cutting-edge information on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, analytical chemistry, traditional medicine, natural products, bioinformatics, new technologies, therapeutic applications, and more. For researchers and students in academia and industry, this book provides a hands-on description of experimental techniques, along with beneficial guidelines to help advance research in the fields of Traditional Chinese Medicine and drug development. - Provides a valuable guide for practitioners of serum pharmacochemistry of Traditional Chinese Medicine, along with insights to its current use and future applications - Edited and written by leading scientists at the forefront of this research - Presents well written chapters that include an introduction, description of the method, and identification of chemical constituents, with applications and references to the latest research and literature

Download or read book Chinmedomics written by Xijun Wang and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-07-15 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chinmedomics: The Integration of Serum Pharmacochemistry and Metabolomics to Elucidate the Scientific Value of Traditional Chinese Medicine uses new experimental techniques and research to open doors in drug discovery and development related to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). This book features a unique approach that combines chemometric analysis with metabolomics studies to illuminate significant changes that have occurred in syndrome states while simultaneously analyzing the efficacy of chemical ingredients in herbal medicines. Chapters provide cutting-edge information on traditional medicine, analytical technology, natural products, metabolomics, bioinformatics and their applications. This book provides a valuable resource for pharmacologists, pharmaceutical scientists, medicinal plant researchers, pharmacognosists and chemists working with TCM and highlights ways to further research and advances in this area in the future. - Presents a practical guide for new practitioners of Chinmedomics with insights on the current use and future development of this method - Each chapter includes an introduction, method, references to the latest literature, possible mechanisms of action and applications - Edited by the leading experts of research related to Chinmedomics