Download or read book The Politics of Social Security in Brazil written by James Malloy and published by University of Pittsburgh Pre. This book was released on 2010-11-23 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brazil has one of the most elaborate social security systems in Latin America. This study follows the progressive evolution of social insurance policy from 1889 to 1979, through four alternating periods of democratic and authoritarian governments: oligarchic democracy, organic authoritarianism, populist democracy, and bureaucratic authoritarianism.
Download or read book Politics Fiscal Crisis and Social Security Reform in Brazil written by James M Malloy and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Brazil written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social security is the single most important fiscal issue facing the Brazilian government today. This report summarizes the state, and potential policy implications, of the Brazilian Social security system. It also discusses policy recommendations for: social security and pensions, the national social security system, government pensions and funds, and the complementary pension systems. An overview of the social security challenge reviews the system components, revealing unsustainable fiscal imbalances and administrative weaknesses in both the unreformed General Regime for Social Security (RGPS), and the Pension Regime for Government Workers (RJU), with large tax-related distortions, and labor market inefficiency. Thus the goals of Brazil's reforms are to reduce fiscal deficits, lower actuarial imbalances, increase equity and redistribution, reduce collateral inefficiencies, and facilitate growth of funded pensions. The study implies there is no recourse for the country, but to lower the high, uniform replacement rates (experience suggests that rates higher than 40-70 percent, cannot be sustained). The key to effective reform of social security is widening the debate to include potential winners from these changes, particularly the private sector, the young, and the poor. Policy recommendations suggest that the adverse equity effects of RGPS reforms should be widely publicized to generate political support for deeper RJU reform.
Download or read book Politics and Social Security Reform in the Southern Cone and Brazil written by Stephen James Kay and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book One Hundred Years of Social Protection written by Lutz Leisering and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-12-14 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While the rise of social protection in the global North has been widely researched, we know little about the history of social protection in the global South. This volume investigates the experiences of four middle-income countries - Brazil, India, China and South Africa - from 1920 to 2020, analysing if, when, and how these countries articulated a concern about social issues and social cohesion. As the first in-depth study of the ideational foundations of social protection policies and programmes in these four countries, the contributions demonstrate that the social question was articulated in an increasingly inclusive way. The contributions identify the ideas, beliefs, and visions that underpinned the movement towards inclusion and social peace as well as counteracting doctrines. Drawing on perspectives from the sociology of knowledge, grounded theory, historiography, discourse analysis, and process tracing, the volume will be of interest to scholars across political science, sociology, political economy, history, area studies, and global studies, as well as development experts and policymakers.
Download or read book The System of Social Protection in Brazil written by Sônia Draibe and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Political and Institutional Drivers of Social Security Universalization in Brazil written by Marcus André Campelo de Melo and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses the political and institutional factors that shaped the emergence and consolidation of a universal health system (SUS) in Brazil after the transition to democracy in the late 1980s. It argues that a combination of political incentives and political, fiscal and institutional capacities have been at the root of the process of creating such a system. First, the political incentives have been associated with a competitive political system leading a race to serve poor constituencies and to the policy communities and activists within and outside the state. SUS benefitted from this political dynamic and thus became politically sustainable. Second, fiscal capacity and sustainability have been secured by a massive increased taxation and earmarked social expenditures. Third, the systemś success stems from the institutional capacity to run a complex decentralized system. The system appears to reach its limit in terms of the capacity to extend coverage in a context where there is universal formal entitlement to health, but some 30 per cent of the population has access to private insurance. Despite many improvements, many challenges continue to beset the delivery of health care in Brazil, and addressing them adequately will require significant policy changes, not only additional resources. However, finding resources has proven increasingly costly politically and improvements will have to be achieved through efficiency gains. Politically, this is a situation of a zero sum game rather than that of the positive game typical of coverage expansion. Most importantly, the perceived increased personal risks are leading citizens to support creating new resources for the system and for policies to improve the quality of care. A new window of opportunity thus seems to have been opened.
Download or read book Social Security in Latin America written by William Paul McGreevey and published by Washington, D.C. : World Bank. This book was released on 1990 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study reviews the findings of a number of background papers on social security in Latin America, sector work, and a series of three meetings of experts that explored the major issues facing social security institutions. In Latin America, social security institutes have been competently managed for the most part and have a proven record of successfully delivering social services to their members. The central theme of this report is the great, and largely untapped, potential of social security institutions to relieve poverty in Latin America. By taking advantage of the positive characteristics of these institutions and repairing at least some of the efficiency problems, countries could achieve an enhanced level of income security for the aged, better coverage of basic health services, and wider protection from economic disasters for the whole population. A wider revenue base would accommodate an increase in coverage of the population if combined with a prudently designed benefit package. There is ample evidence from countries in the region that have experimented with such reforms that they can be made, and that they are desirable and feasible on economic grounds. Political feasibility is more difficult to assess but can be enhanced by well informed, carefully designed reforms.
Download or read book Brazil written by Weltbank and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study consists of two volumes, the first volume contains a detailed summary of the report findings, and policy implications, and, the second volume, the Policy Report, contains discussions on policy recommendations for each of the components of the Brazilian social security system. An overview on the dimensions of the social security challenge, reviews the system components, revealing unsustainable fiscal imbalances, and administrative weaknesses in both the unreformed General Regime for Social Security (RGPS), and the Pension Regime for Government Workers (RJU), with large tax-related distortions, and labor market inefficiency. Thus the goals of Brazil's reforms are to reduce fiscal deficits, lower actuarial imbalances, increase equity and redistribution, reduce collateral inefficiencies, and facilitate growth of funded pensions. The study implies there is no recourse for the country, but to lower the high, uniform replacement rates (experience suggests that rates higher than 40-70 percent, cannot be sustained) and, spells out that the key to effective reform of social security, is widening the debate to include potential winners from these changes, particularly the private sector, the young, and the poor. Policy recommendations suggest, that the adverse equity effects of RGPS reforms, should be widely publicized to generate political support for deeper RJU reform.
Download or read book Democracy Without Equity written by Kurt Weyland and published by University of Pittsburgh Press. This book was released on 1996-05-15 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Democracy without Equity, Weyland investigates the crucial political issue for many Latin American countries: the possibility for redistributing wealth and power through the democratic process. He focuses on Brazil's redistributive initiatives in tax policy, social security, and health care. Weyland's work is based on some 260 interviews with interest group representatives, politicians, and bureaucrats, the publications of interest groups, speeches of policy makers, newspaper accounts, legislative bills, congressional committee reports, and more. He concludes that, in countries whose society and political parties are fragmented, the prospects for effective redistributive policies are poor.
Download or read book Brazil written by Weltbank and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study consists of two volumes, the first volume contains a detailed summary of the report findings, and policy implications, and, the second volume, the Policy Report, contains discussions on policy recommendations for each of the components of the Brazilian social security system. An overview on the dimensions of the social security challenge, reviews the system components, revealing unsustainable fiscal imbalances, and administrative weaknesses in both the unreformed General Regime for Social Security (RGPS), and the Pension Regime for Government Workers (RJU), with large tax-related distortions, and labor market inefficiency. Thus the goals of Brazil's reforms are to reduce fiscal deficits, lower actuarial imbalances, increase equity and redistribution, reduce collateral inefficiencies, and facilitate growth of funded pensions. The study implies there is no recourse for the country, but to lower the high, uniform replacement rates (experience suggests that rates higher than 40-70 percent, cannot be sustained) and, spells out that the key to effective reform of social security, is widening the debate to include potential winners from these changes, particularly the private sector, the young, and the poor. Policy recommendations suggest, that the adverse equity effects of RGPS reforms, should be widely publicized to generate political support for deeper RJU reform.
Download or read book Brazil under Lula written by J. Love and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-01-05 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers the first multidisciplinary analysis of the impact of the government of President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva and his Workers' Party on Brazilian economy and society, as he begins his second four-year term.
Download or read book The Political Economy of Brazil written by Lawrence S. Graham and published by . This book was released on 1990-12 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The transition from authoritarian to democratic government in Brazil unleashed profound changes in government and society that cannot be adequately understood from any single theoretical perspective. The great need, say Graham and Wilson, is a holistic vision of what occurred in Brazil, one that opens political and economic analysis to new vistas. This need is answered in The Political Economy of Brazil, a groundbreaking study of late twentieth-century Brazilian issues from a policy perspective. The book was an outgrowth of a year-long policy research project undertaken jointly by the Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs and the Teresa Lozano Long Institute of Latin American Studies, both at the University of Texas at Austin. In this book, several noted scholars focus on specific issues central to an understanding of the political and economic choices that were under debate in Brazil. Their findings reveal that for Brazil the break with the past—the authoritarian regime—could not be complete due to economic choices made in the 1960s and 1970s, and also the way in which economic resources committed at that time locked the government into a relatively limited number of options in balancing external and internal pressures. These conclusions will be important for everyone working in Latin American and Third World development.
Download or read book Social Security Reform in Brazil written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Political Economic and Labor Climate in Brazil written by James L. Schlagheck and published by Philadelphia : Industrial Research Unit, Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania. This book was released on 1977 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research report on interactions between political developments, economic conditions and labour relations in Brazil from 1964 to 1976 - covers characteristics of the political system, economic development, trade relations, the wage payment system, inflation and its control, trade union rights, etc. Graphs, references and statistical tables.
Download or read book Brazilian Social Security Reform written by Francisco Eduardo B. Oliveira and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Constitutional Amendment No. 20, recently approved by the Brazilian National Congress, does not lead the social security system accounts to solvency (even in the long-run), and does not promote social justice either. The main issue faced by today's pay-as-you-go system are benefit entitlement at an early age besides the demographic transition and the adverse conditions of the economy as well as of the labor market. Thus, this proposal for social security considers a mixed system public/private both for the general regime [Regime Geral de Previdencia Social (RGPS)] and for the civil servants at the federal level. In summary, our proposal is that each individual will be able to choose to take a part of his/her social insurance and invest through a "private insurer," as long as the individual insures at least three minimum wages through the "public insurer." The public insurer operates with defined benefits under a flexible notional account system. Therefore the person can choose the date as well as other conditions of his/her retirement. That person would pay a contribution tax actuarily calculated in order to equal the expected present value of benefits and contributions. Thus, an individual who postpones his/her retirement date pays a lower contribution than a person who does not. The private insurer would operate under a defined contribution system, with a fixed rate of 15,5%. Individuals already working at the time of reform, can still choose to join a private insurer. In this case he/she will receive a recognition bonus equivalent to past contributions paid (from all his/her contributions as well as up to 10 minimum wages from the employer) that exceeds the value insured in the public insurer, capitalized at a fixed rate of 3% a year.
Download or read book The New Fiscal Federalism in Brazil written by Anwar Shah and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1991 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper provides an overview of the existing state of fiscal federalism in Brazil and suggests directions for change.
