Download or read book The Political Re Education of Germany and her Allies written by Nicholas Pronay and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-06-26 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1985, this book provides an important insight into the principal aspects of the history of the policy and practice of political re-education from its origins to 1951. ‘Political re-education’ was the British alternative to the ideas put forward by the USA and the USSR in the common search for a post-war policy which would permanently prevent the resurgence of Germany for a third time as a hostile military power. It was adopted as Allied policy and remains one of the boldest and most imaginative policies in history for securing lasting peace. This book discusses the question of the place of this policy in the preservation of peace and the integration of Germany and Japan into the community of their historical enemies.

Download or read book Disciplining Germany written by Jaimey Fisher and published by Wayne State University Press. This book was released on 2007-06-20 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A look at how the discussions, debates, and controversies in Germany about youth and reeducation after World War II helped Germans come to terms with their Nazi past, negotiate Allied occupation, and construct postwar German identity. During Hitler’s reign, the Nazis deliberately developed and exploited a youthful image and used youth to define their political and social hierarchies. After the war, with Hitler gone but still requiring cultural exorcism, many intellectuals, authors, and filmmakers turned to these images of youth to navigate and negotiate the most difficult questions of Germany’s recent, nefarious past. Focusing on youth, education, and crime allowed postwar Germans to claim one last realm of sovereignty against the Allies’ own emphatic project of reeducation. Youth, reeducation, and reconstruction became important sites for the occupied to confront not only the recent past, but to negotiate the present occupation and, ultimately, direct the future of the German nation. Disciplining Germany analyzes a variety of media, including literature, news media, intellectual history, and films, in order to argue that youth and education played a central role in Germany’s coming to terms with the Nazi past. Although there has been a recently renewed interest in Germany’s coming to terms with the past, this attention has largely ignored the role of youth and reeducation. This lacuna is particularly perplexing given that the Allies’ reeducation project became, in many ways, a cipher for the occupational project as a whole. Disciplining Germany opens up the discussion and points toward more general conclusions not only about youth and education as sites for wider socio-political and cultural debates but also about the complexities of occupation and the intertwining of different national cultures. In this investigation, the study attends to both "high" and "low" cultural text—to specialized versus popular texts—to examine how youth was mobilized across the generic spectrum. With these interdisciplinary approaches and timely interventions, Disciplining Germany will find a diverse readership, including upper-division and graduate courses in German studies and German history as well as those general readers interested in Nazi Germany, cultural history, film and literary studies, youth culture, American studies, and post-conflict and occupational situations.

Download or read book Orderly and Humane written by R. M. Douglas and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2012-06-26 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The award-winning history of 12 million German-speaking civilians in Europe who were driven from their homes after WWII: “a major achievement” (New Republic). Immediately after the Second World War, the victorious Allies authorized the forced relocation of ethnic Germans from their homes across central and southern Europe to Germany. The numbers were almost unimaginable: between 12 and 14 million civilians, most of them women and children. And the losses were horrifying: at least five hundred thousand people, and perhaps many more, died while detained in former concentration camps, locked in trains, or after arriving in Germany malnourished, and homeless. In this authoritative and objective account, historian R.M. Douglas examines an aspect of European history that few have wished to confront, exploring how the forced migrations were conceived, planned, and executed, and how their legacy reverberates throughout central Europe today. The first comprehensive history of this immense manmade catastrophe, Orderly and Humane is an important study of the largest recorded episode of what we now call "ethnic cleansing." It may also be the most significant untold story of the World War II.

Download or read book Regarding Frank Capra written by Eric Smoodin and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2005-01-13 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this innovative historical examination of the American movie audience, Eric Smoodin focuses on reactions to the films of Frank Capra. Best known for his Hollywood features—including It Happened One Night, It’s a Wonderful Life, and Mr. Smith Goes to Washington—Capra also directed educational films, military films, and documentaries. Based on his analysis of the reception of a broad range of Capra’s films, Smoodin considers the preferences and attitudes toward Hollywood of the people who watched movies during the “Golden Age” of studio production, from 1930 to 1960. Drawing on archival sources including fan letters, exhibitor reports, military and prison records, government and corporate documents, and trade journals, Smoodin explains how the venues where Capra’s films were seen and the strategies used to promote the films affected audience response and how, in turn, audience response shaped film production. He analyzes issues of foreign censorship and government intervention in the making of The Bitter Tea of General Yen; the response of high school students to It Happened One Night; fan engagement with the overtly political discourse of Meet John Doe and Mr. Smith Goes to Washington; San Quentin prisoners’ reaction to a special screening of It’s a Wonderful Life; and at&t’s involvement in Capra’s later documentary work for the Bell Science Series. He also looks at the reception of Capra’s series Why We Fight, used by the American military to train recruits and re-educate German prisoners of war. Illuminating the role of the famous director and his films in American culture, Regarding Frank Capra signals new directions for significant research on film reception and promotion.

Download or read book A History of Germany 1918 2014 written by Mary Fulbrook and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-10-13 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fourth edition of A History of Germany, 1918-2014: A Divided Nation introduces students to the key themes of 20th century German history, tracing the dramatic social, cultural, and political tensions in Germany since 1918. Now thoroughly updated, the text includes new coverage of the Euro crisis and a review of Angela Merkel’s Chancellorship. New edition of a well-known, classic survey by a leading scholar in the field, thoroughly updated for a new generation of readers Provides an overview of the turbulent history of Germany from the end of the First World War through the Third Reich and beyond, examining the character and consequences of war and genocide Treats German history from 1918 to 2014 from the perspectives of instability, division and reunification, covering East and West German history in equal depth Offers important reflections on Angela Merkel’s Chancellorship as it extends into a new term Concise, substantive coverage of this period make it an ideal resource for undergraduate students

Download or read book Capturing the German Eye written by Cora Sol Goldstein and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2009-08-01 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shedding new light on the American campaign to democratize Western Germany after World War II, Capturing the German Eye uncovers the importance of cultural policy and visual propaganda to the U.S. occupation. Cora Sol Goldstein skillfully evokes Germany’s political climate between 1945 and 1949, adding an unexpected dimension to the confrontation between the United States and the USSR. During this period, the American occupiers actively vied with their Soviet counterparts for control of Germany’s visual culture, deploying film, photography, and the fine arts while censoring images that contradicted their political messages. Goldstein reveals how this U.S. cultural policy in Germany was shaped by three major factors: competition with the USSR, fear of alienating German citizens, and American domestic politics. Explaining how the Americans used images to discredit the Nazis and, later, the Communists, she illuminates the instrumental role of visual culture in the struggle to capture German hearts and minds at the advent of the cold war.

Download or read book Teaching a Dark Chapter written by Daniela R. P. Weiner and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2024-07-15 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Teaching a Dark Chapter explores how textbook narratives about the Fascist/Nazi past in Italy, East Germany, and West Germany followed relatively calm, undisturbed paths of little change until isolated "flashpoints" catalyzed the educational infrastructure into periods of rapid transformation. Though these flashpoints varied among Italy and the Germanys, they all roughly conformed to a chronological scheme and permanently changed how each "dark past" was represented. Historians have often neglected textbooks as sources in their engagement with the reconstruction of postfascist states and the development of postwar memory culture. But as Teaching a Dark Chapter demonstrates, textbooks yield new insights and suggest a new chronology of the changes in postwar memory culture that other sources overlook. Employing a methodological and temporal rethinking of the narratives surrounding the development of European Holocaust memory, Daniela R. P. Weiner reveals how, long before 1968, textbooks in these three countries served as important tools to influence public memory about Nazi/Fascist atrocities. As Fascism had been spread through education, then education must play a key role in undoing the damage. Thus, to repair and shape postwar societies, textbooks became an avenue to inculcate youths with desirable democratic and socialist values. Teaching a Dark Chapter weds the historical study of public memory with the educational study of textbooks to ask how and why the textbooks were created, what they said, and how they affected the society around them.

Download or read book Remapping Modern Germany after National Socialism 1945 1961 written by Matthew D. Mingus and published by Syracuse University Press. This book was released on 2017-10-05 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Located in the often-contentious center of the European continent, German territory has regularly served as a primary tool through which to understand and study Germany’s economic, cultural, and political development. Many German geographers throughout the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries became deeply invested in geopolitical determinism—the idea that a nation’s territorial holdings (or losses) dictate every other aspect of its existence. Taking this as his premise, Mingus focuses on the use of maps as mediums through which the United States, Great Britain, and the Soviet Union sought to reshape German national identity after the Second World War. As important as maps and the study of geography have been to the field of European history, few scholars have looked at the postwar development of occupied Germany through the lens of the map—the most effective means to orient German citizens ontologically within a clearly and purposefully delineated spatial framework. Mingus traces the institutions and individuals involved in the massive cartographic overhaul of postwar Germany. In doing so, he explores not only the causes and methods behind the production and reproduction of Germany’s mapped space but also the very real consequences of this practice.

Download or read book The Bitter Taste of Victory written by Lara Feigel and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2016-05-17 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When Germany surrendered in May 1945 it was a nation reduced to rubble. Immediately, America, Britain, Soviet Russia, and France set about rebuilding in their zones of occupation. Most urgent were physical needs--food, water, and sanitation--but from the start the Allies were also anxious to indoctrinate the German people in the ideas of peace and civilization. Denazification and reeducation would be key to future peace, and the arts were crucial guides to alternative, less militaristic ways of life. In an extraordinary extension of diplomacy, over the next four years, many writers, artists, actors, and filmmakers were dispatched by Britain and America to help rebuild the country their governments had spent years bombing. Ernest Hemingway, Martha Gellhorn, Marlene Dietrich, George Orwell, Lee Miller, W. H. Auden, Stephen Spender, Billy Wilder, and others undertook the challenge of reconfiguring German society. In the end, many of them became disillusioned by the contrast between the destruction they were witnessing and the cool politics of reconstruction. While they may have had less effect on Germany than Germany had on them, the experiences of these celebrated figures, never before told, offer an entirely fresh view of post-war Europe. The Bitter Taste of Victory is a brilliant and important addition to the literature of World War II.

Download or read book Coca Colonization and the Cold War written by Reinhold Wagnleitner and published by Univ of North Carolina Press. This book was released on 2000-11-09 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reinhold Wagnleitner argues that cultural propaganda played an enormous part in integrating Austrians and other Europeans into the American sphere during the Cold War. In Coca-Colonization and the Cold War, he shows that 'Americanization' was the result not only of market forces and consumerism but also of systematic planning on the part of the United States. Wagnleitner traces the intimate relationship between the political and economic reconstruction of a democratic Austria and the parallel process of cultural assimilation. Initially, U.S. cultural programs had been developed to impress Europeans with the achievements of American high culture. However, popular culture was more readily accepted, at least among the young, who were the primary target group of the propaganda campaign. The prevalence of Coca-Cola and rock 'n' roll are just two examples addressed by Wagnleitner. Soon, the cultural hegemony of the United States became visible in nearly all quarters of Austrian life: the press, advertising, comics, literature, education, radio, music, theater, and fashion. Hollywood proved particularly effective in spreading American cultural ideals. For Europeans, says Wagnleitner, the result was a second discovery of America. This book is a translation of the Austrian edition, published in 1991, which won the Ludwig Jedlicka Memorial Prize.

Download or read book The Barbed Wire College written by Ron Theodore Robin and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 1995-04-03 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From Stalag 17 to The Manchurian Candidate, the American media have long been fascinated with stories of American prisoners of war. But few Americans are aware that enemy prisoners of war were incarcerated on our own soil during World War II. In The Barbed-Wire College Ron Robin tells the extraordinary story of the 380,000 German prisoners who filled camps from Rhode Island to Wisconsin, Missouri to New Jersey. Using personal narratives, camp newspapers, and military records, Robin re-creates in arresting detail the attempts of prison officials to mold the daily lives and minds of their prisoners. From 1943 onward, and in spite of the Geneva Convention, prisoners were subjected to an ambitious reeducation program designed to turn them into American-style democrats. Under the direction of the Pentagon, liberal arts professors entered over 500 camps nationwide. Deaf to the advice of their professional rivals, the behavioral scientists, these instructors pushed through a program of arts and humanities that stressed only the positive aspects of American society. Aided by German POW collaborators, American educators censored popular books and films in order to promote democratic humanism and downplay class and race issues, materialism, and wartime heroics. Red-baiting Pentagon officials added their contribution to the program, as well; by the war's end, the curriculum was more concerned with combating the appeals of communism than with eradicating the evils of National Socialism. The reeducation officials neglected to account for one factor: an entrenched German military subculture in the camps, complete with a rigid chain of command and a propensity for murdering "traitors." The result of their neglect was utter failure for the reeducation program. By telling the story of the program's rocky existence, however, Ron Robin shows how this intriguing chapter of military history was tied to two crucial episodes of twentieth- century American history: the battle over the future of American education and the McCarthy-era hysterics that awaited postwar America.

Download or read book Ian Wallace written by Ian Wallace and published by Hatje Cantz Verlag. This book was released on 2011-06-10 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1955 fand die erste documenta in Kassel statt. Zunächst als einmalig konzipiert, ist sie zu einer heute alle fünf Jahre wiederkehrenden, grundlegenden Ausstellung und Reflexion zeitgenössischer Kunst geworden. In seinem Essay, 1987 an der University of British Columbia, Vancouver, als Vorlesung gehalten, beleuchtet Ian Wallace die erste documenta, die nach dem 2. Weltkrieg ebenjenen Künstlern ein Forum bieten wollte, die im Nationalsozialismus als »entartet« verfemt worden waren. Die erste documenta ist gleichermaßen Spiegel wie Protagonist des kulturellen und politischen Klimas der Nachkriegszeit und hat unter der Führung von Arnold Bode, mit Unterstützung Werner Haftmanns, wesentlich zum Siegeszug der Abstraktion beigetragen, der West-Deutschland den Anschluss an die europäische Moderne verschaffte. Ian Wallace (*1943) ist Künstler. Er lebt in Vancouver und hat an der University of British Columbia sowie der Emily Carr University of Art and Design gelehrt. Sprache: Deutsch/Englisch

Download or read book Winning the Peace written by Christopher Knowles and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2017-01-26 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By adopting a unique biographical approach, this book examines the aims and intentions of twelve important and influential individuals who worked for the British Military Government in occupied Germany during the first three years after the end of the Second World War. British policy was distinctive, and the British zone was the largest and economically most important of all four zones. Although the three Western Allies all ended in the same place with the creation of an independent Federal Republic of (West) Germany in 1949, they took different paths to get there. The role of the British has been much misunderstood. Winning the Peace strikes a balance between earlier self-congratulatory accounts of the British occupation, and the later more critical historiography. It highlights diversity of aims and personal backgrounds and in so doing explains some of the complexities and apparent contradictions in British occupation policy. The book concludes that, despite diversity among those studied, all twelve individuals followed a policy described as the 'three Rs' - Reconstruction, Renewal and Reconciliation - rather than the 'four Ds' - De-militarisation, De-nazification, De-industrialisation, and Democratisation - highlighted in earlier histories of the occupation. Whilst reflecting on the role of human agency, Christopher Knowles examines why individuals sometimes failed to achieve what they originally intended, and how their aims and perceptions changed over time to reveal broader political, sociological and cultural forces, outside their direct control. This book is an innovative study for those interested in the Allied occupation, the post-war history of Germany and the study of military occupation generally.

Download or read book The Cross cultural Transfer of Educational Concepts and Practices written by Masahiro Tanaka and published by Symposium Books Ltd. This book was released on 2005-05-16 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyses comparatively the creation of American and Japanese universities on the model of German universities largely in the late nineteenth century, and the reform of German and Japanese universities on the model of American universities after the end of the Second World War. The argument is that transferring educational concepts and practices from one cultural context to another involves not merely a ‘transfer’, but a ‘transformation’. How and why this transformation occurs is what this book is about. More precisely, it is suggested that transformation of educational concepts and practices during their cross-cultural movement can be understood within a theoretical perspective that is proposed and developed in the book. This book is divided into six chapters. Chapter One, as the introduction, analyses several scholars’ approaches to the aspects of educational transfer, then attempts to construct a theoretical perspective for the book on the processes of change in educational concepts and practices during their movement across cultures. Chapters Two and Three offer two narratives to investigate how German university concepts and practices were transmuted as a consequence of local actors’ efforts to import these concepts and practices into Japan and the United States. Chapters Four and Five provide another two narratives to examine how American university concepts and practices were altered as a result of American actors’ attempts to export these concepts and practices to Japan and Germany. Chapter Six, as the conclusion, through reflecting on the four narratives given in the main chapters, re-examines the ways in which the theoretical perspective of this book is useful to understand the processes of transformation of educational concepts and practices during their movement from one culture to another.

Download or read book Transforming Occupation in the Western Zones of Germany written by Camilo Erlichman and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2018-08-23 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transforming Occupation in the Western Zones of Germany provides an in-depth transnational study of power politics, daily life, and social interactions in the Western Zones of occupied Germany during the aftermath of the Second World War. Combining a history from below with a top-down perspective, the volume explores the origins, impacts, and legacies of the occupations of the western zones of Germany by the United States, Britain and France, examining complex yet topical issues that often arise as a consequence of war including regime change, transitional justice, everyday life under occupation, the role of intermediaries, and the multifaceted relationship between occupiers and occupied. Adopting a novel set of approaches that puts questions of power, social relations, gender, race, and the environment centre stage, it moves beyond existing narratives to place the occupation within a broader framework of continuity and change in post-war western Europe. Incorporating essays from 16 international scholars, this volume provides a substantial contribution to the emerging fields of occupation studies and the comparative history of post-war Europe.

Download or read book Television Tabloids and Tears written by Jane Shattuc and published by U of Minnesota Press. This book was released on 1995 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I am Biberkopf, Rainer Werner Fassbinder declared, aligning himself with the protagonist of his widely seen television adaptation of Berlin Alexanderplatz. The statement provoked an unprecedented national debate about what constituted an acceptable German artist and who has the power to determine art. More than any recent German director, Fassbinder embodied this debate, and Jane Shattuc shows us how much this can tell us, not just about the man and his work, but also about the state of "culture" in Germany. It is fascinating in itself that Fassbinder, a highly controversial public f.

Download or read book The Cold War Past and Present written by Richard Crockatt and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-04-12 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Cold War Past and Present (1987) analyses the generally antagonistic postwar relations between the Soviet Union and the West, particularly America. Following the uneasy wartime alliance, Russia’s tightening grip on Eastern Europe and the Berlin Blockade ushered in the first of the ‘cold wars’, with different leaders down the decades bring thaws and frosts, all excellently examined here by a team of leading writers in the field.