Download or read book The Political Economy of Postwar Reconstruction in Lebanon written by Hayat Mostafa Hariri and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Political Economy of Postwar Reconstruction Case Study written by Hayat El Hariri and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012-07 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: this thesis examines postwar reconstruction in Lebanon as an example for postwar reconstruction in weak states. Postwar reconstruction has attracted many scholars in the last few decades. Some theories suggest that postwar reconstruction entails financial security and policy. In contrast some others argued that any postwar program cannot be effective without building state institutions as a precondition for fiscal policy. In 1992, the postwar reconstruction program implemented in Lebanon focused on physical infrastructure but neglected other productive sectors. Opponents of the project argue that the economic policy adopted was transformed into a "monetary-biased policy" in which it focused on physical infrastructure rather than the productive sectors that constitute the cornerstone of any postwar reconstruction program creating thus a network on interests between the government and commercial banks. Also, the project was characterized by the financial support for different sectarian regions on Lebanon. In contrast, proponents argue that the failure of the program was Diego political circumstances and not in the project itself.
Download or read book The Political Economy of Postwar Reconstruction in Lebanon written by Ghassan Dibeh and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Lebanon s Renaissance written by Tom Najem and published by Garnet & Ithaca Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study presents a comprehensive analysis of political developments in the aftermath of the Lebanese civil war. The author argues that despite the complexity of Lebanese society and a host of unresolved issues that triggered the civil war, Lebanese political discourse and political activity during the period under discussion (1990-2000) was dominated by a single issue: economic reconstruction. The author establishes the main reasons behind this and proceeds to render a penetrating analysis of the Lebanese political setting as it impinges on the reconstruction process.
Download or read book The State and the Political Economy of Reconstruction in Lebanon written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Citizen Hariri written by Hannes Baumann and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-06-01 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rafiq Hariri was Lebanon's Silvio Berlusconi: a 'self-made' billionaire who became prime minister and shaped postwar reconstruction. His assassination in February 2005 almost tipped the country into civil strife. Yet Hariri was neither a militia leader nor from a traditional political family. How did this outsider rise to wield such immense political and economic power? Citizen Hariri shows how the billionaire converted his wealth and close ties to the Saudi monarchy into political power. Hariri is used as a prism to examine how changes in global neoliberalism reshaped Lebanese politics. He initiated urban megaprojects and inflated the banking sector. And having grown rich as a contractor in the Gulf, he turned Lebanon into an outlet for Gulf capital. The concentration of wealth and the restructuring of the postwar Lebanese state were comparable to the effects of neoliberalism elsewhere. But at the same time, Hariri was a deeply Lebanese figure. He had to fend against militia leaders and a hostile Syrian regime. The billionaire outsider eventually came to behave like a traditional Lebanese political patron. Hannes Baumann assesses not only the personal legacy of the man dubbed 'Mr Lebanon' but charts the wider social and economic transformations his rise represented.
Download or read book Spoils of Truce written by Reinoud Leenders and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2012-10-15 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Spoils of Truce, Reinoud Leenders documents the extensive corruption that accompanied the reconstruction of Lebanon after the end of a decade and a half of civil war. With the signing of the Ta’if peace accord in 1989, the rebuilding of the country’s shattered physical infrastructure and the establishment of a functioning state apparatus became critical demands. Despite the urgent needs of its citizens, however, graft was rampant. Leenders describes the extent and nature of this corruption in key sectors of the Lebanese economy and government, including transportation, health care, energy, natural resources, construction, and social assistance programs. Exploring in detail how corruption implicated senior policymakers and high-ranking public servants, Leenders offers a clear-eyed perspective on state institutions in the developing world. He also addresses the overriding role of the Syrian leadership’s interests in Lebanon and in particular its manipulation of the country’s internal differences. His qualitative and disaggregated approach to dissecting the politics of creating and reshaping state institutions complements the more typical quantitative methods used in the study of corruption. More broadly, Spoils of Truce will be uncomfortable reading for those who insist that power-sharing strategies in conflict management and resolution provide some sort of panacea for divided societies hoping to recover from armed conflict.
Download or read book A Study on the Political Economy of Postwar Lebanon written by Imad Sami Mansour and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The East Asian Rim and countries in East and South East Asia has provided a remarkable model of relatively underdeveloped economies which were able to grow in a remarkable manner. The time period taken for growth and the quality of economic output they developed has been frequently studied by policy analysts and economists as offering a new approach to the study of development and economic growth.--The thesis structures a development model out of the experiences of selected Asian economies, namely Hong Kong, Singapore, and Malaysia Analyzing for this purpose the series of policies adopted by the governments of the above countries in the initial phases of their economic take-off, situating them in the regional and domestic political context Each of the three HPAEs harbors variables and characteristics that coincide in one form or another with factors in Lebanon Moving to study Lebanon would be feasible after a thorough study of the factors and variables contributing to the Asian Miracle.--The thesis then provides policy recommendations for postwar attempts at recovery and development in Lebanon, taking into consideration the particularities of Lebanon. Those particularities involve the conditions and problems of the various productive sectors (agriculture, industry, and services), impact of the war on the social stratification and the economic conditions of the Lebanese society, and the political situation in the country conducive and/or resistive to the current process of development.
Download or read book The Lessons of Lebanon written by Samir Makdisi and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2004-02-26 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1945, over 200 intrastate conflicts have taken place in countries that achieved independence from colonial rule after the second world war. The case of Lebanon offers a striking illustration of these interlocking influences on projects of national economic development. The persistently sectarian nature of the country's political institutions, the relatively poor quality of governance, and the major civil war that engulfed the country from 1975 to 1990, together define not only the context in which the achievements and failures of Lebanese development must be assessed, but also the continuing challenges that it must face in the era of globalization. This book offers an in-depth analysis of Lebanese economic development during the second half of the twentieth century with special emphasis on the civil war and its aftermath. Makdisi offers a definitive assessment of the principal phases of national development since Lebanese independence in the 1940s, and a study of those conditions requisite for sustainable development for Lebanon, as for many other developing countries.
Download or read book Political Economy of Contemporary Lebanon written by Tom Pierre Najem and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Lebanon written by and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lebanon's economy has been getting weaker since the financial crisis of October 2019. The rate of poverty rose from 25% in 2019, to 74% in 2021. This has mainly been the result of the depreciation of the Lebanese pound and of the incremental lifting of subsidies, especially on oil derivatives, since June 2021. The roots of the current crisis in Lebanon are, however, to be found in the country's political economy and the way it has developed since the end of the Lebanese Civil War. There has been a consistent emphasis placed on deeper integration into the global economy and, likewise, on private-sector growth. These neoliberal policies have reinforced certain historical features of the Lebanese economy: a development model focussed on finance, real estate and services, in which social inequalities and regional disparities have become pronounced. These policies have accentuated spatial and social inequalities in Lebanon and are closely linked to the heavily financialised nature of the country's political economy and the marginalisation of important sectors such as agriculture and industry. The economic and political elites of sectarian communities benefited most from these policies through the various privatisation schemes and through, too, the clientelist allocation of state contracts. Neighbouring and Western states also played an important role in the economic trajectory of Lebanon. Regional foreign capital inflows have helped to strengthen the position of various bourgeoise factions in the country. In addition, international actors, both states and monetary institutions, have played a significant role in consolidating the ruling elite and the neoliberal system in Lebanon. The financial crisis of October 2019 has only reinforced Lebanon's economic limitations, while the social and health consequences of all this have also been dramatic. In this context, potential lessons can be learned for Libya from Lebanon's post war experience. Lebanon is, indeed, far from unique in this respect. A number of countries, emerging from wars and/ or severe crises have pursued and/or deepened economic liberalization, often with the assistance of international financial institutions.
Download or read book A Political Economy of Lebanon 1948 2002 written by Toufic Gaspard and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2003-12-01 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about the laissez-faire strategy for economic development, a strategy inspired by neoclassical/mainstream economics, advocated by the “Washington Consensus”, and implemented by the Bretton Woods institutions. Mainstream economics has taken legitimacy from the historical failure of command economies. But this view has not been balanced by an examination of the performance of laissez-faire economies, the closest to the pure market model. Lebanon provides a unique test case in this regard. The book assesses Lebanon’s development during 1948-2002, including its industrial and financial performance. The dynamics of the laissez-faire system is separately studied from a Post-Keynesian perspective, highlighting institutional behavior. It is found that laissez-faire is not a sufficient condition for economic development, and can even be counterproductive.
Download or read book Postwar written by Tony Judt and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2006-09-05 with total page 1000 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Finalist for the Pulitzer Prize • Winner of the Council on Foreign Relations Arthur Ross Book Award • One of the New York Times' Ten Best Books of the Year “Impressive . . . Mr. Judt writes with enormous authority.” —The Wall Street Journal “Magisterial . . . It is, without a doubt, the most comprehensive, authoritative, and yes, readable postwar history.” —The Boston Globe Almost a decade in the making, this much-anticipated grand history of postwar Europe from one of the world's most esteemed historians and intellectuals is a singular achievement. Postwar is the first modern history that covers all of Europe, both east and west, drawing on research in six languages to sweep readers through thirty-four nations and sixty years of political and cultural change-all in one integrated, enthralling narrative. Both intellectually ambitious and compelling to read, thrilling in its scope and delightful in its small details, Postwar is a rare joy. Judt's book, Ill Fares the Land, republished in 2021 featuring a new preface by bestselling author of Between the World and Me and The Water Dancer, Ta-Nehisi Coates.
Download or read book Lebanon in Limbo written by Theodor Hanf and published by Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft Mbh & Company. This book was released on 2003 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Twelve years after the wars ended, the country of Lebanon entered a state of limbo. It was no longer in the center of the Middle Eastern conflicts, yet it remained under the impact of the region's conflicts. Ethno-religious communities persisted, with a modernization of their co-existence. However, the entrepreneurial middle classes had become weakened by emigration, and social cleavages deepened. Considerable achievements in reconstruction were followed by economic stagnation. The danger of authoritarianism by diffusion could not be overlooked. In this reprint - originally published in 2003 - a representative survey shows what lessons the Lebanese learned from the war. They refused the use of violence and war. Their willingness to co-exist in diversity increased. The citizens have not particularly valued their political leaders, yet they remain democratic by conviction.
Download or read book Europe s Postwar Recovery written by Barry Eichengreen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1995-12-07 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Western Europe's recovery from World War II was nothing short of miraculous. From the chaos of the war and the crisis of 1947, Europe moved directly to the most rapid quarter-century of economic growth in her history. The contributors to this volume seek to identify the sources of this singularly successful recovery. That all European countries shared in the miracle suggests that its roots may lie at the international level. The chapters therefore focus on the role played by international institutions - the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank, the European Coal and Steel Community, the European Payments Union, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade - and weigh the relative importance of domestic and international factors in Europe's postwar recovery. This book will be of interest to students of modern European history and to economists interested in economic growth, European economic integration, and reform of the Bretton Woods institutions.
Download or read book Developing Post war Beirut 1990 2016 written by Bruno Marot and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Beirut, today, is a giant construction site. Over the past 25 years, the Lebanese metropolis has experienced a property-led (re)development process that has gone far beyond the controversial downtown megaproject, Solidere, initiated just after the country emerged from civil war. Its most conspicuous manifestations are the proliferation of condominium towers, the three-digit inflation of land and real estate prices, and the unprecedented growth of mortgage-based homeownership. The objective of this thesis is to unravel the mystery of this post-war property frenzy by identifying the major drivers, mechanisms and agents that underlie a financialized trajectory of urban change, a trajectory clearly embedded in globalized circuits of capital and people. To do so, it develops an institution-based and regulation-inspired investigation that reveals, by means of a concept I have termed 'pegged urbanization,' the interdependance of Beirut's urban production and the amplification and reproduction of Lebanon's rentier and finance-led form of capitalism. This shows the nature, intensity and features of the city's development activity to be, first and foremost, socially produced phenomena shaped by the post-1990 recovery and the growth strategy intended to restore the country's position as a financial hub in the Middle East. The thesis begins with an explanation of its plurilevel and multidisciplinary theoretical social science framework. It then introduces the work's key conceptual contribution, the regulation-urbanization nexus of post-war Lebanon's political economy in which the property market, through its financing of both demand and supply, is the peg. The market, more specifically, is conceptualized as an institution of regulation governed through the state by local elites in order to stimulate economic growth and secure short-term financial and monetary stability. In contrast to mainstream beliefs in the failure of the Lebanese state and the spontaneous and self-adjusting character of supply and demand, the local property market is argued to be the product of public policies, particularly those of the central bank. Analysis of the state-sponsored centrality of real estate and construction activity to Lebanese capitalism, and its links to the financial sector, has exposed the influence of polical-economic dimensions such as elite growth politics and the accelerated financialization of property on Beirut's production of space. It is shown to be equal to that of the country's sectarianism. Next explored are the concrete repercussions of the state-sponsored nexus on the key workings of the development process (i.e., price formation, property cycles, construction dynamics); the profile, practices and elite networks of city builders; and the financing and functioning of the system of local housing provision. Also brought to light are its implications for social structures and relations in Lebanese society and for the multidimensional nature and exercise of urban power. The research concludes with an identification of the risks, to 2018, run by the Beirut-based property sector. Against a background of the further entwinment of the property and finance spheres, a property crisis, if it occurs, could weaken the fundamentals of the local model of 'pegged urbanization' and, more widely, threaten the precarious stability of post-war Lebanon's political economy." --
Download or read book Networks of Privilege in the Middle East The Politics of Economic Reform Revisited written by S. Heydemann and published by Springer. This book was released on 2004-08-20 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores the role of informal networks in the politics of Middle Eastern economic reform. The editor's introduction demonstrates how network-based models overcome limitations in existing approaches to the politics of economic reform. The following chapters show how business-state networks in Egypt, Morocco, Tunisia, Syria, Lebanon, and Jordan have affected privatization programs and the reform of fiscal policies. They help us understand patterns and variation in the organization and outcome of economic reform programs, including the opportunities that economic reforms offered for reorganizing networks of economic privilege across the Middle East.
