Download or read book The Physiological and Genetic Basis of Drought Tolerance in Bread Wheat and Ancestral Wheat Species written by Yadgar Ali Mahmood Roghzai and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Application of Physiology in Wheat Breeding written by M. P. Reynolds and published by CIMMYT. This book was released on 2001 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Multiple abiotic stresses Molecular physiological and genetic responses and adaptations in cereals written by Sindhu Sareen and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-04-05 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Plant Breeding for Water Limited Environments written by Abraham Blum and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-11-09 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume will be the only existing single-authored book offering a science-based breeder’s manual directed at breeding for water-limited environments. Plant breeding is characterized by the need to integrate information from diverse disciplines towards the development and delivery of a product defines as a new cultivar. Conventional breeding draws information from disciplines such as genetics, plant physiology, plant pathology, entomology, food technology and statistics. Plant breeding for water-limited environments and the development of drought resistant crop cultivars is considered as one of the more difficult areas in plant breeding while at the same time it is becoming a very pressing issue. This volume is unique and timely in that it develops realistic solutions and protocols towards the breeding of drought resistant cultivars by integrating knowledge from environmental science, plant physiology, genetics and molecular biology.

Download or read book Genetics of Some Morpho physiological and Biochemical Traits Associated with Drought Tolerance in Bread Wheat Triticum Aestivum L written by Ashok Kumar and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Advances in Wheat Genetics From Genome to Field written by Yasunari Ogihara and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-09-15 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This proceedings is a collection of 46 selected papers that were presented at the 12th International Wheat Genetics Symposium (IWGS). Since the launch of the wheat genome sequencing project in 2005, the arrival of draft genome sequences has marked a new era in wheat genetics and genomics, catalyzing rapid advancement in the field. This book provides a comprehensive review of the forefront of wheat research, across various important topics such as germplasm and genetic diversity, cytogenetics and allopolyploid evolution, genome sequencing, structural and functional genomics, gene function and molecular biology, biotic stress, abiotic stress, grain quality, and classical and molecular breeding. Following an introduction, 9 parts of the book are dedicated to each of these topics. A final, 11th part entitled “Toward Sustainable Wheat Production” contains 7 excellent papers that were presented in the 12th IWGS Special Session supported by the OECD. With rapid population growth and radical climate changes, the world faces a global food crisis and is in need of another Green Revolution to boost yields of wheat and other widely grown staple crops. Although this book focuses on wheat, many of the newly developed techniques and results presented here can be applied to other plant species with large and complex genomes. As such, this volume is highly recommended for all students and researchers in wheat sciences and related plant sciences and for those who are interested in stable food production and food security.

Download or read book Genetic Diversity for Drought Resistance in Wheat written by Anila Afridi and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The genus Triticum includes bread (Triticum aestivum) and durum wheat (Triticum durum) and constitutes a major source for human food consumption. Drought is currently the leading threat on world's food supply, limiting crop yield, and is complicated since drought tolerance is a quantitative trait with a complex phenotype affected by the plant's developmental stage. Drought tolerance is crucial to stabilize and increase food production since domestication has limited the genetic diversity of crops including wild wheat, leading to cultivated species, adapted to artificial environments, and lost tolerance to drought stress.

Download or read book Wheat Production in Changing Environments written by Mirza Hasanuzzaman and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-05-14 with total page 685 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents recent advances in global wheat crop research, including the effects of abiotic stresses like high and low temperatures, drought, hypoxia, salinity, heavy metals, nutrient deficiency, and toxicity on wheat production. It also highlights various approaches to alleviate the damaging effects of abiotic stress on wheat as well as advanced approaches to develop abiotic-stress-tolerant wheat crops. Wheat is probably one of the world’s most important cereals; it is a staple food in more than 40 countries, and because of its adaptability is cultivated in almost every region. Global wheat production has more than doubled in the last 50 years due to higher yields. However, despite their high yield potential, modern wheat cultivars are often subject to crop loss due to the abiotic stresses. As such, plant breeders have long aimed to improve tolerance in order to maintain yield. Written by 85 experts, and offering the latest insights into wheat responses and tolerance to various abiotic stresses, it is a valuable tool for agronomists, plant breeders, plant physiologists and students in the field of plant science and agriculture. It is the first book to comprehensively cover past and current abiotic stress problems and tolerance mechanisms.

Download or read book Genetic Variability for Some Morpho physiological Characters Associated with Drought Tolerance in Bread Wheat Triticum Aestivum L Em Thell written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book International Symposium on Wheat Yield Potential written by Reynolds, M.P. and published by CIMMYT. This book was released on 2008 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Genetic Dissection of Drought and Heat Tolerance Related Traits in Bread Wheat Triticum Aestivum L written by Dion Bennett and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study was conducted with the aim of improving our understanding of the genetic basis of the superior grain yield of an elite bread wheat breeding line, RAC875, under drought and heat stressed Mediterranean-type climates in southern Australia. Here, these abiotic stresses present a significant barrier to production. Kukri is a locally adapted variety which achieves acceptable grain yield under more favourable conditions, but relatively low grain yields under severe stress. A cross between the two lines resulted in an F1 derived doubled haploid population consisting of 368 individuals. The population was initially used for the genetic dissection of time to ear emergence and flag leaf glaucousness, with the latter trait hypothesised to explain a significant proportion of RAC875's relative drought and heat tolerance. Whilst parents of the population achieved similar time to ear emergence, segregation for Ppd-B1 and Ppd-D1a created large variation for this trait within the population. Two novel minor loci were detected for time to ear emergence (Q.Eet.aww-1A and Q.Zad.aww-4A), in addition to another eight known, minor loci. Five novel loci were detected for flag leaf glaucousness (Q.W.aww-3A, Q.W.aww-3B, Q.W.aww-3D, Q.W.aww-4D and Q.W.aww-5B), with one in particular (Q.W.aww-3A) accounting for up to 52 percent of the genetic variance for this trait. Sixteen field experiments were sown across southern Australia between 2006 and 2010, where average site grain yields ranged from 314 to 5275 kg ha−1. Kernels per square metre was the trait most correlated with grain yield, while spikelet fertility, which had a significant positive correlation with grains per square metre in all experiments and the subsequently derived environment clusters, was also related to grain yield. Nine loci were detected for grain yield independent of time to ear emergence and plant height. Five of these loci co-located with loci for kernels per square metre and only one of these nine loci were associated with any of the loci for flag leaf glaucousness and this genetic effect was opposite (i.e. Kukri allele resulting in large glaucousness value and lower grain yield). The RAC875 allele at QTL on chromosomes 1B and 7A (Q.Yld.aww-1B and Q.Yld.aww-7A-2) was associated with greater grain yield, kernels per spikelet and kernels per square metre. These two loci were detected in environment clusters where heat stress was a differentiating factor and it was concluded that these may therefore be associated with heat stress tolerance. Another QTL of large effect was consistently detected on chromosome 6A (Q.Tkw.aww-6A), with the RAC875 allele positively affecting grain size, flag leaf width and stem water soluble carbohydrate content but resulting in lower kernels per spikelet and therefore kernels per square metre. Experiments were also sown to assess the performance of the population in north-west Mexico under well watered, high yield potential conditions, as well as drip irrigated drought treatment and late planted but well watered conditions to expose the experiments to heat stress. This resulted in three very distinctive treatments and subsequently detected different genetic regions controlling grain yield. Two distinct QTL were detected for grain yield and canopy temperature on chromosome 3B, under irrigated (Q.Yld.aww-3B-1) and irrigated, drought and heat stressed treatments (Q.Yld.aww-3B-2). The latter QTL accounted for up to 22 percent of the genetic variance for grain yield and 20 percent of the genetic variance for canopy temperature under the heat stress treatment. However, all three treatments failed to detect any major QTL of common effect to southern Australia. This study highlighted the complex genetic basis of grain yield and physical grain quality in drought and heat stressed conditions, as well as the importance of conducting QTL dissection in the target environment. However, key loci detected offer potential for marker development and deployment of marker assisted selection within wheat breeding programmes targeting southern Australia. In the longer term, this should help improve the rate of genetic gain for grain yield, increasing production by growers in the Mediterranean type climate of southern Australia.

Download or read book Durum Wheat Breeding written by Conxita Royo and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-11-07 with total page 571 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is your knowledge about this important grain crop up to date? This comprehensive two-volume resource reviews the latest advances in scientific and technical knowledge for durum wheat breeding. With a scope of coverage that includes genetics and molecular biology, plant and crop physiology, and breeding strategies and methodology, Dur

Download or read book Genetics and Physiology of Drought Tolerance in Wheat written by J Morgan and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Wheat Landraces written by Nusret Zencirci and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-09-15 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Landraces possess a very large genetic base in population structure and are dynamic populations of cultivated plants with historical origin, distinct identity, and without any formal crop improvement. They are often genetically diverse, locally adapted, and associated with traditional farming systems. Resistance genes to biotic and abiotic stress factors, which are especially diversified in landraces, are of great interest to plant breeders, faced with global climate challenge. In addition, gene pools made of different landraces grown in different ecological conditions can be used for wheat breeding to enhance quality; yield and other desirable agricultural parameters. An estimated 75% of the genetic diversity of crop plants was lost in the last century due to the replacement of high yielding modern varieties. There is, thus, an urgent need to preserve existing species, not only for posterity but also as a means to secure food supply for a rising world population. In this book, we provide an overview of wheat landraces with special attention to genetic diversities, conservation, and utilization.

Download or read book Wheat Improvement for Heat and Drought Stress Tolerance written by Anju Giri and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heat and drought are the major abiotic factors that limit wheat production worldwide. Wheat is one of the important staple crops, so, the production decline due to these factors faces a major challenge in addressing food security. Grain filling in wheat occurs when the temperature is rising, and soil moisture is declining in most wheat growing environment, so there is high demand in breeding wheat for post anthesis heat and drought stress tolerance. However, limited genetic variability in wheat cultivars possess a challenge. The objective of the first study was to screen wild emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccoides) for post anthesis heat tolerance and measure physiological traits and yield trait associated with the tolerance. Twenty-one accessions of Triticum dicoccoides and four check varieties were screened at optimum temperature (25/19 °C day/night) and high temperature (35/29 °C day/night). High temperature decreased flag leaf survival duration, chlorophyll content, and chlorophyll fluorescence more in the wild accessions than in the checks. A few wild accessions were found to be heat tolerant based on the lower heat susceptibility index (HSI) value in seed weight. Therefore, there is a potential for utilizing this genetic variability from the accessions to improve post anthesis heat tolerance in wheat. The maintenance in seed weight might be coming from the mobilization of stored reserve in the stem. The stem reserves are commonly called water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC). WSC accumulated during the vegetative stage, pre-flowering, or right after flowering can be mobilized to assist grain filling when assimilate supply is limited under stress. The second chapter is about the physiological and genetic basis of water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) concentration during mid- grainfilling stage in wheat. We evaluated 400 diverse winter wheat breeding lines and 30 released varieties in different environments ranging from irrigated to rainfed for WSC concentration. WSC concentration was significantly and positively correlated with the seed weight, whereas the height was mostly negatively correlated, and we didn't see any relation with heading date. Less decline in grain yield under simulated terminal drought stress was observed in varieties with high WSC content. Further, we identified six significant SNP markers in 7D region significantly associated with the WSC concentration, and each marker explained 4-5% of the variation. On running several genomic selection prediction models on WSC using ridge regression, partial least squares, elastic net, and random forest models and different training population sizes (20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%), the prediction accuracy increased from 0.2 to 0.6. The accuracy increased as a large amount of data was available to train the model, and overall the highest accuracy was observed with the random forest and average of all four models. The accuracy can be further increased with the inclusion of a large number of samples, and multi- year and location testing on WSC. Higher genetic variation, high heritability, and significant positive relation with seed weight make WSC an important trait for selection under post anthesis drought. In the third study, aerial phenotyping using UAV with a multispectral camera was used to capture the images in three different wave bands: red, green, and near infrared. Normalized Difference Vegetative Index (NDVI) was calculated from red and near infrared bands. NDVI calculated from the aerial imaging during reproductive stages were more correlated with the grain yield than a visual screening of percentage greenness. NDVI measurement during grain filling had the highest significant correlation and explained more than 50% variation in the yield. Lodging was another factor impacting yield explaining about 60% variability in yield. With its wide applicability, aerial phenotyping has the potential for assisting breeders in selecting diverse genotypes and can outperform visual selection.

Download or read book Climate Change and Food Security with Emphasis on Wheat written by Munir Ozturk and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-04-03 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate Change and Food Security with Emphasis on Wheat is the first book to present the full scope of research in wheat improvement, revealing the correlations to global issues including climate change and global warming which contribute to food security issues. Wheat plays a key role in the health of the global economy. As the world population continuously increases, economies modernize, and incomes rise, wheat production will have to increase dramatically to secure it as a reliable and sustainable food source. Since covering more land area with wheat crops is not a sustainable option, future wheat crops must have consistently higher yields and be able to resist and/or tolerate biotic and abiotic stresses that result from climate change. Addressing the biophysical and socioeconomic constraints of producing high-yielding, disease-resistant, and good quality wheat, this book will aid in research efforts to increase and stabilize wheat production worldwide. Written by an international team of experts, Climate Change and Food Security with Emphasis on Wheat is an excellent resource for academics, researchers, and students interested in wheat and grain research, especially as it is relevant to food security. Covers a wide range of disciplines, including plant breeding, genetics, agronomy, physiology, pathology, quantitative genetics and genomics, biotechnology and gene editing Explores the effect of climate change on biotic stresses (stripe rust, stem rust, leaf rust, Karnal bunt, spot blotch) on wheat production and utilization of biotechnology Focuses on whole genome sequencing and next-generation sequencing technologies to improve wheat quality and address the issue of malnutrition in developing world

Download or read book Breeding for Drought Tolerance in Bread Wheat written by Mohamed El-Hawary and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2010-12 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bread Wheat is considered the important winter crop in Egypt and World. Great efforts of wheat breeders and geneticists must be continue to increase the productivity of unit area to face the gap between the production and consumption in Egypt. Increasing wheat production under abiotic stress condition i.e. drought stress has become important during recent years, since wheat production in these areas with optimum growth conditions does not meet the needs of ever increasing population of Egypt. Genetic information regarding important economic characters of wheat under drought stress is required to develop breeding strategies for drought prone areas. So that, this study concentrates on estimating these genetic information under both normal and drought conditions to use these information at breeding program for drought tolerant.