Download or read book Leveraged Exchange Traded Funds written by Peter Miu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-29 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leveraged Exchange-Traded Funds (LETFs) are publicly-traded funds that promise to provide daily returns that are in a multiple (positive or negative) of the returns on an index. To meet that promise, the funds use leverage, which is typically obtained through derivatives such as futures contracts, forward contracts, and total-return swaps. As of the end of 2012, there were over 250 LETFs in North America with total assets of approximately $32.24 billion. While the amount of assets held by these funds is still small, their popularity continues to grow as their trading volume is significantly larger and much more dynamic than traditional, non-leveraged ETFs. This comprehensive guide to LETFs provides high-level practitioners and researchers with a detailed reference tool for navigating the market and making informed investment decisions. Written from a measured analytical perspective, Miu and Charupat use clear and concise explanations of all important aspects of LETFs, focusing on such key elements as structure, pricing, performance, regulations, taxation, and trading strategies. The first two chapters set the stage for the book by identifying exactly what LETFs are and how they are regulated. The following chapters then look to bridge theory with practice to dive deep into the mechanics, portfolio rebalancing techniques, and daily compounding effects that make investing in these funds so lucrative.
Download or read book The Performance of Leveraged and Inverse Leveraged Exchange Traded Funds written by Brian J. Henderson and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We document significant abnormal daily returns to leveraged and inverse leveraged exchange-traded funds (ETFs). Abnormal returns are positive for leveraged funds and negative to inverse leveraged funds, and the magnitude increases in the absolute value of the leverage multiple. We propose and test a model linking the abnormal return performance to transactions costs associated with the frequent (daily) rebalancing necessary to maintain target exposures as well as other costs including the swap financing costs and the cost to borrow in the lending market. In the full cross-section, the results suggest funding costs associated with achieving leverage impact returns negatively (positively) for leveraged (inverse leveraged) funds. Capitalizing on a key institutional feature, analysis of pairs of mirror funds reveals transactions costs associated with the maintenance of daily leverage multiples meaningfully impact fund returns. The results are also consistent with inverse leveraged funds bearing the cost-to-borrow to the benefit of the leveraged (long) funds.
Download or read book Leveraged Exchange Traded Funds written by Peter Miu and published by Palgrave Macmillan. This book was released on 2016-01-05 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leveraged Exchange-Traded Funds (LETFs) are publicly-traded funds that promise to provide daily returns that are in a multiple (positive or negative) of the returns on an index. To meet that promise, the funds use leverage, which is typically obtained through derivatives such as futures contracts, forward contracts, and total-return swaps. As of the end of 2012, there were over 250 LETFs in North America with total assets of approximately $32.24 billion. While the amount of assets held by these funds is still small, their popularity continues to grow as their trading volume is significantly larger and much more dynamic than traditional, non-leveraged ETFs. This comprehensive guide to LETFs provides high-level practitioners and researchers with a detailed reference tool for navigating the market and making informed investment decisions. Written from a measured analytical perspective, Miu and Charupat use clear and concise explanations of all important aspects of LETFs, focusing on such key elements as structure, pricing, performance, regulations, taxation, and trading strategies. The first two chapters set the stage for the book by identifying exactly what LETFs are and how they are regulated. The following chapters then look to bridge theory with practice to dive deep into the mechanics, portfolio rebalancing techniques, and daily compounding effects that make investing in these funds so lucrative.
Download or read book Quantum Fading Strategies for Leveraged and Inverse ETFs written by Andreas Cseh and published by Anchor Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2013-08 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Suppose the market is going to ‘crash’. What would you do? The most common answer would probably be: Sell what you have and get out of it. However, what if you have nothing to sell? A couple of years ago, simple investors would have said: ‘Stay on the sidelines’. The sophisticated and professionals always had plenty of avenues, such as shorting the stock, buying put options or selling naked calls. The gap was narrowed with the arrival of leveraged and inverse ETFs. These allow even novice investors to short the market in a less risky way. Traditional ETFs track an index or basket in a one-for-one approach, basically they are managed passively. In contrast, leveraged and inverse ETFs are intraday traded, and shouldn’t be confused with more-vanilla ETFs. Leveraged ETFs require active management which involves the borrowing of funds to purchase additional shares (bullish LETFs) or the short-selling (bearish LETFs) and the rebalance of the position on a daily basis. At present, most levered ETFs are either 2X, 3X, -2X, or 3X, and therefore they give investors the possibility to earn two or three times (and loose two or three times) the daily return of a simple long or short position in the index. These levered ETFs have leverage (borrowing) built into their structure, thus eliminating the need for investors to do their own borrowing (margin, futures, swaps etc.) or short-selling. But, the leveraging process is built to achieve an objective quite different from that of the simple and classical ETF.
Download or read book Leveraged Exchange Traded Funds written by Narat Charupat and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Guide to Exchange traded Funds and Indexing Innovations written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Performance of the Leveraged and Inverse ETFs and Their Multiples written by Yi-Ting Chiang and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Leveraged Exchange Traded Funds written by Tim Leung and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-02-24 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an analysis, under both discrete-time and continuous-time frameworks, on the price dynamics of leveraged exchange-traded funds (LETFs), with emphasis on the roles of leverage ratio, realized volatility, investment horizon, and tracking errors. This study provides new insights on the risks associated with LETFs. It also leads to the discussion of new risk management concepts, such as admissible leverage ratios and admissible risk horizon, as well as the mathematical and empirical analyses of several trading strategies, including static portfolios, pairs trading, and stop-loss strategies involving ETFs and LETFs. The final part of the book addresses the pricing of options written on LETFs. Since different LETFs are designed to track the same reference index, these funds and their associated options share very similar sources of randomness. The authors provide a no-arbitrage pricing approach that consistently value options on LETFs with different leverage ratios with stochastic volatility and jumps in the reference index. Their results are useful for market making of these options, and for identifying price discrepancies across the LETF options markets. As the market of leveraged exchange-traded products become a sizeable connected part of the financial market, it is crucial to better understand its feedback effect and broader market impact. This is important not only for individual and institutional investors, but also for regulators.
Download or read book Tracking Error of Leveraged and Inverse ETFs written by John A. Romano and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tracking ability of leveraged and inverse exchange traded funds can be very important to investors looking for a dependable return. If the investor wants to put their money on a certain index they feel strongly about, they expect their investment vehicle to track that return appropriately. Over the years, we have seen tremendous growth in the exchange traded fund industry. In 2006, leveraged and inverse funds were introduced to the market, allowing investors to take leveraged and directional trades on indices. These investment vehicles can be traded as easily as any stock, and therefore need some attention. Since any novice investor can access and trade these funds, they need to be aware of the risks they are taking.
Download or read book Understanding the Risk of Investing with ETFs and Why They Still Beat Mutual Funds written by Jeffrey Feldman and published by Pearson Education. This book was released on 2010-09-13 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the eBook version of the printed book. This Element is an excerpt from Three Paths to Profitable Investing: Using ETFs in Healthcare, Infrastructure, and the Environment to Grow Your Assets (9780137054268) by Jeffrey Feldman and Andrew Hyman. Available in print and digital formats. Systematically evaluate the risks of ETFs, so you can use them more safely and profitably. Despite their advantages, ETFs (Exchange Traded Funds) are not risk free. No investment is. However, understanding the risks that are particular to ETFs helps investors prepare for unforeseen events and build their portfolios. The first risk to understand is index risk. ETFs are designed to match an index and are passive investments.
Download or read book Are Concerns About Leveraged Etfs Overblown written by Federal Reserve Federal Reserve Board and published by . This book was released on 2016-04-06 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leveraged and inverse exchange-traded funds seek to track a multiple of the performance of an underlying index, commodity, currency, or some other benchmark over a specified time frame, which is usually one day. These products have been heavily criticized based on the belief that they exacerbate volatility in financial markets. Commentators have referred to them as "weapons of mass destruction" and claim that they pose "serious threats to market stability" because they "have turned the market into a casino on steroids." Others have claimed that leveraged ETFs "could send volatility through the roof, and prices through the floor." It appears as though policy makers are also concerned about these products, as the Securities and Exchange Commission has issued a moratorium on approving excemtive requests for new leveraged and inverse ETFs.
Download or read book A Comprehensive Guide to Exchange Traded Funds ETFs written by Joanne M. Hill and published by CFA Institute Research Foundation. This book was released on 2015-05 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exchange-traded funds (ETFs) have become in their 25-year history one of the fastest growing segments of the investment management business. These funds provide liquid access to virtually every financial market and allow large and small investors to build institutional-caliber portfolios. Yet, their management fees are significantly lower than those typical of mutual funds. High levels of transparency in ETFs for holdings and investment strategy help investors evaluate an ETF’s potential returns and risks. This book covers the evolution of ETFs as products and in their uses in investment strategies. It details how ETFs work, their unique investment and trading features, their regulatory structure, how they are used in tactical and strategic portfolio management in a broad range of asset classes, and how to evaluate them individually.
Download or read book Leveraged Funds written by Paolo Guasoni and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leveraged and inverse exchange-traded funds seek daily returns equal to fixed multiples of indexes' returns. Trading costs implied by frequent adjustments of funds' portfolios create a tension between tracking error, reflecting short-term correlation with the index, and excess return, the long-term deviation from the leveraged index' performance. With proportional costs, the optimal replication policy is robust to the index' dynamics. Overall fund performance is summarized by the implied spread, the product of tracking error and excess return, rescaled for leverage and volatility. The implied spread is insensitive to risk-premia and enables comparisons of funds tracking different factors of an index.
Download or read book Getting Investment Leverage in the Markets written by Tom Lydon and published by Pearson Education. This book was released on 2010-03-15 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the eBook version of the printed book. This Element is an excerpt from The ETF Trend Following Playbook: Profiting from Trends in Bull or Bear Markets with Exchange Traded Funds (ISBN: 9780137029013) by Tom Lydon. Available in print and digital formats. Why go “short”–and how to use leveraged ETFs to do it more effectively. During the last several bear markets, you might have been well served by reducing your exposure to equities. A number of investors–perhaps even you–decided to “short” the market instead of exiting entirely. By shorting stocks, investors can potentially make money when the stock loses value. Short selling can help you accomplish several goals.
Download or read book Investment Performance of Shorted Leveraged ETF Pairs written by Xinxin Jiang and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We analyze trading strategies involving triple-leveraged and inverse triple-leveraged ETF pairs by simulating daily returns over a 48 year period. Our results show that many such strategies significantly outperform the S&P 500 on a risk-adjusted basis. The Sharpe ratio appears to be maximized when shorting the bear triple-leveraged ETF and the bull triple-leveraged ETF in a 2:1 proportion, and simultaneously holding Treasuries long. In this case we find that the average annual Sharpe ratio is more than four times higher than for the S&P 500, and that the strategy outperforms the market in 43 of the 48 years.
Download or read book Exchange Traded Funds written by C. Valle and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We present a snapshot of the Exchange-Traded Fund (ETF) market in September 2011 involving 6937 ETFs with a total market value of US $2.96 trillion. We describe the market's growth since 1993 and its current composition. Only 11% of ETFs reproduce both the mean return and the volatility of their benchmark within 1% p.a. Discrepancies in replicating the mean return of the benchmark tended to be associated with either leveraged or inverse (or both) ETFs. With respect to replicating benchmark volatility most ETFs have higher volatility than their benchmarks.
Download or read book Setting Aside Myths About Leveraged ETFs written by Tom Lydon and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Element is an excerpt from The ETF Trend Following Playbook: Profiting from Trends in Bull or Bear Markets with Exchange Traded Funds (ISBN: 9780137029013) by Tom Lydon. Available in print and digital formats. The real truth about leveraged ETFs-and why commonly held beliefs about them just aren't true. With popularity comes criticism and nit-picking. Leveraged ETFs are no exception. Some pundits believe these specialized ETFs have increased market volatility in the last hour of trading. But many investors and people in the media are having trouble getting their arms around the truth. The SEC has been looking closely at these funds and have had dialogue and visits with ETF providers who are offering them. Here are the facts ...
