Download or read book THE NIGER DELTA No Democratic Divident written by and published by Human Rights Watch. This book was released on with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Price of Oil written by Bronwen Manby and published by Human Rights Watch. This book was released on 1999 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Attempts to Import Weapons
Download or read book From Biafra to the Niger Delta Conflict written by Edlyne Eze Anugwom and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2018-11-23 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes the influence of memory on social conflict as well as the role of ethnicity in state formation and governance in Nigeria. It examines the nexus between the Nigerian civil war and the conflict in the oil rich Niger Delta against the background of memory and ethnicization of the state. Ultimately, both social conflicts, though separated by decades, profit from shared memories in a largely ethnicized state structure. Nigeria emerges as a centrifugal state characterized by bias in resource distribution and concentration of power in the center. These forces create the perception of marginalization and sponsor enduring memory of a biased state not helped by failure of the state to ensure closure of the civil war. The book argues that the non-systematic closure of the civil war has generated memory lapse which has given rise to social conflicts and dissension in the socio-geographical region of the erstwhile Biafra republic. These conflicts in the contemporary history of Nigeria include the persistent Niger Delta oil conflict and recurrent struggle for the realization of a sovereign state of Biafra. In effect, these conflicts are products of structural bias and distributional injustice; and both can be related to the social memory lag of the civil war and weak Nigerian state. The book traces how memory is produced and disseminated within social groups in Southeastern Nigeria, which is the theater of both the civil war and youth-driven oil conflict in the Niger Delta. While these conflicts have without doubt benefitted from memory lapse of the past, they have equally drawn momentum from ethnicity which has significantly and negatively affected the role of the state.
Download or read book Where Vultures Feast written by Ike Okonta and published by Verso Books. This book was released on 2020-05-05 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On February 22, 1895, a naval force laid siege to Brass, the chief city of the Ijo people of Nembe in Nigeria's Niger Delta. After severe fighting, the city was razed. More than two thousand people perished in the attack. A hundred years later, the world was shocked by the murder of Ken Saro-Wiwa-writer, political activist, and leader of the Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People. Again the people of Nembe were locked in a grim life-and-death struggle to safeguard their livelihood from two forces: a series of corrupt and repressive Nigerian governments and the giant multinational Royal Dutch Shell. Ike Okonta and Oronto Douglas present a devastating case against the world's largest oil company, demonstrating how (in contrast to Shell's public profile) irresponsible practices have degraded agricultural land and left a people destitute. The plunder of the Niger Delta has turned full circle as crude oil has taken the place of palm oil, but the dramatis personae remain the same: a powerful multinational company bent on extracting the last drop of blood from the richly endowed Niger Delta, and a courageous people determined to resist.
Download or read book Fresh Dimensions on the Niger Delta Crisis of Nigeria written by Victor Ojakorotu and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2009-05-03 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edited Volume dealing with the Niger Delta.Topics Covered: Militarism, resource management, development, etc.Part of the Conflict and Development Series of the Journa of Alternative Perspectives in the Social Sciences
Download or read book The Unfinished Revolution in Nigeria s Niger Delta written by Cyril Obi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-06-04 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 1990s heralded waves of spectacular forms of local resistance and globalized protest against oil exploitation and environmental pollution in oil-producing regions of the developing world. One of the most spectacular local uprisings against global oil multinationals was led by the Ogoni people who were protesting against the exploitation and marginalization of oil-producing ethnic minority communities in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. However, the hanging on November 10, 1995 of nine Ogoni ethnic minority and environmental justice activists, including Ken Saro-Wiwa, only served to exacerbate protests in later years. Within a decade, dozens of locally rooted insurgent groups emerged in the Niger Delta and construed themselves as part of the social movement for ethnic minority rights and environmental justice which dates back to colonial times. However, the trajectory of the revolutionary momentum has changed over time, reflecting a mix of progressive, opportunistic and retrogressive trends. This book provides a critical study of the trajectory of struggles in the Niger Delta since 1995, paying attention to continuities and changes, including recent developments linked to the shift from local resistance, to the rupturing of the Presidential Amnesty peace deal (largely to the Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta) and the resurgence low-intensity sporadic armed militancy—led by the Niger Delta Avengers militia among others. The contributors critically interrogate the nature of the region’s political economy, socio-economic trends and trajectories over the past two decades. This collection also accentuates the lessons learnt, prospects for self-determination, socio-economic and environmental justice and peace in the aftermath of the hanging.
Download or read book Oil and Insurgency in the Niger Delta written by Cyril Obi and published by Zed Books Ltd.. This book was released on 2011-02-10 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The recent escalation in the violent conflict in the Niger Delta has brought the region to the forefront of international energy and security concerns. This book analyses the causes, dynamics and politics underpinning oil-related violence in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. It focuses on the drivers of the conflict, as well as the ways the crises spawned by the political economy of oil and contradictions within Nigeria's ethnic politics have contributed to the morphing of initially poorly coordinated, largely non-violent protests into a pan-Delta insurgency. Approaching the issue from a number of perspectives, the book offers the most up-to-date and comprehensive analysis available of the varied dimensions of the conflict. Combining empirically-based and analytic chapters, it attempts to explain the causes of the escalation in violence, the various actors, levels and dynamics involved, and the policy challenges faced with regard to conflict management/resolution and the options for peace. It also examines the role of oil as a commodity of global strategic significance, addressing the relationship between oil, energy security and development in the Niger Delta.
Download or read book Nigeria s Niger Delta written by Sabella Ogbobode Abidde and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2017-01-31 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The problems and challenges of the Niger Delta predate Nigeria as a Republic. The resultant violence can be traced to 1966, when the late Isaac Boro and his colleagues attempted to secede from Nigeria due, in large part, to the underdevelopment of the region. Historical reality aside, since 1970 oil has displaced agriculture as Nigeria’s primary revenue earner and it has, for the last four decades, been the nation’s breadbasket. But in spite of this, the Niger Delta remains vastly underdeveloped and has been given the least federal presence. These deficiencies led to high unemployment, social dislocations, youth restiveness, and extralegalities. It was these realities that bred disaffection with the government and the multinational oil companies and eventually, to violent militancy. Between 2003 and 2009, it also led to low intensity conflict between militant youths and the Nigerian government. In the summer of 2009, however, the Nigerian government extended an offer of presidential pardon (amnesty) to the militants. The amnesty program was intended to bring peace and quiet to the region. However, this has not been the case. In spite of the financial and political resources that have been expended, the region continues on the path of volatility. This book looks at the issue of nationhood, the cause and cost of the crisis, past approaches and current efforts at solving the crisis. In addition, it offers a tenable solution to the decades-old crisis. Furthermore, the case is made that unless there is a fundamental restructuring of the Nigerian state and its governing structure and institutions, the problems of the region—and the larger problems that makes the country such a difficult to place to live in and govern, is likely to continue.
Download or read book The Causes of Instability in Nigeria and Implications for the United States written by Clarence J. Bouchat and published by Army War College Press. This book was released on 2013 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The political economy problems of Nigeria, the root cause for ethnic, religious, political and economic strife, can be in part addressed indirectly through focused contributions by the U.S. military, especially if regionally aligned units are more thoroughly employed.
Download or read book Natural Resources Conflict and Sustainable Development written by Okechukwu Ukaga and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-05-04 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Niger Delta Region has in the past two decades experienced protracted violent conflicts. At the roots of these violent conflicts are the genuine quests of the people for sustainable development that is based on social justice, equity, fairness and environmental protection. Although richly endowed, the region is hopelessly poor. This paradox of poverty in the midst of plenty has been attributed to a myriad of factors ranging from Nigeria’s centralized federalism, to ethno-regional domination, corruption, poor governance, and oil-related environmental degradation. Development in the Niger Delta is vital not only to the stability and prosperity of Nigeria, but also to global energy security. This book provides unique insights into the challenges of development and peace building in the Niger Delta, and insights into other resource-rich but poverty-stricken, conflict-prone regions of the world.
Download or read book Globality Unequal Development and Ethics of Duty written by Mahmoud Masaeli and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2016-09-23 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Do we have a duty to end poverty? Is this duty to alleviate poverty, or it is for healing of disempowerment? Based on what moral reasoning is this duty grounded? Must this reasoning be based on value consensus, or can it result in convergence on conclusions from plural moral premises? What results derive from this duty? To whom is this duty addressed? What are the dimensions of this duty? Is this a duty to help or a duty for justice? Is it a uniform duty or are there diverse lines of reasoning and justifications for it? Who must undertake this duty? How is the duty undertaken and fulfilled? Bringing together contributions investigating fundamental themes related to globality and ethics of duty, this volume offers a detailed analysis of these questions, while providing some policy solutions. Indeed, it provides a multifaceted and interdisciplinary dialogue about the ethics of duty in an age of globality and extreme poverty.
Download or read book Sudan Oil and Human Rights written by Jemera Rone and published by Human Rights Watch. This book was released on 2003 with total page 772 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For twenty years, southern Sudan has been the site of a tragic and brutal civil war, pitting the northern-based Arab and Islamic government against rebels in African marginalized areas, especially the south. More than two million people have died and four million have been displaced as a result. In 1999, anew element radically changed the war: Sudanese oil, located in the south, was firs exported by the central government. The human price of this bonanza is immeasurable. The government, using oil revenues and aided by co-opted southerners, rained a scorched earth campaign of mass displacement, bombing, and terror on the agro-pastoral southern civilians living in and near the oil zones. The displaced number in the hundreds of thousands.
Download or read book Resource Conflict and Environmental Relations in Africa written by Kelechi Johnmary Ani and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-03-15 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book discusses the failure of many African governments in providing the social needs of the masses, thereby placing the citizenry on the desperate quest for economic resources. Unfortunately, in many African States, mineral resources are owned, explored and marketed by the machinery of the state. The problem arises when the masses begin to challenge state access and ownership of resources that are domiciled within their ancestral land, communities, and constituencies. Often the challenge and resistance to state ownership of resources is generated by communal or group sense of exploitation, negligence and widespread poverty in the face of high resource endowment and waste by the government officials. Paradoxically, in Niger Delta of Nigeria, as discussed in the book, the state has unleashed unlimited might upon all social groups and agitators, thereby leading to the increased act of taking arms by such groups. When the informal resource agitators succeed in arming themselves, they begin to demand social and environmental justice, thereby leading to mass armed conflict between them and the government security agencies. Sometimes, the confrontation could be between them and other rival local resource actors in the informal sector of their country’s economy bearing in mind that the resources within their jurisdiction have become the central determinant of national commonwealth. It is at that state of desperado to control access, extraction and sale of natural resources in a State, by different armed groups that the process of natural resources extraction qualifies as the most visible cause of conflicts and crises around the African continent that is the centrepiece of the book. This is quite understandable given that mineral resource is a gift of nature; and nature is that phenomenon that every human, group and nation claim to represent, or, believe to represent them.
Download or read book Human Rights Watch World Report 2003 written by Human Rights Watch and published by Human Rights Watch. This book was released on 2003 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers in this volume cover a wide range of social, economic and ideological aspects of the culture of early Anglo-Saxon England, from an interdisciplinary perspective. The status of Anglo-Saxondom and Englishness as cultural and ethnic categories are a recurrent theme, while other topics include social and political structures, farming in medieval England, the spiritual world of the Anglo-Saxons, and the reconstruction of settlement.
Download or read book The Root Causes of Terrorism written by Mahmoud Masaeli and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2017-01-06 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fifteen years after the tragic events of 9/11, bombs are still exploding and innocent people are being killed by terrorist groups in both western and Islamic societies. Most of these sinisterly threatening events are motivated by religious claims, or are taking place in religiously affected places. Is religion the main cause of terrorism, or does terrorism still arise because of leaders who brainwash and coach future terrorists so that they kill under the banner of religion? The religious imagination seems to hold here an influential power in the creation of ‘delusion’ to orient the ‘bigot’ believers toward fulfilling their religious duty against those who are religious in a different way or are not religious at all. Religion, in this sense, is tightly allied with political aspirations. In spite of the religious justification of the act of killing, ‘enlightened’ religious leaders and religious-minded people believe and argue that religion is a source of love and affection. Therefore, the sacred texts of religious tradition must be read from a ‘humanist’ perspective because the ultimate message of religion is about the appreciation of the principle of humanity. This is a growing attitude among many religious people today who believe that God is merciful and compassionate, and never orders resentment, violence, and killing of innocent people. In addition, no true religious tradition appreciates self-serving interpretations promoting violence against others. If religion disregards love, affection, and compassion as its essence, it drops into the dire vortex of ideological dogma, as it is in the case for the Taliban, ISIS, Boko Haram, and Al-Shabab. Therefore, any interpretation that admits violence and killing would be a mere provincial reading of the religious texts agitated by purposeful intentions aimed at political goals. This book investigates and addresses the root causes of terrorism from a religious studies perspective. The themes analysed and discussed here mainly include a range of religious and philosophical issues such as religious violence in scriptural monotheism, radical interpretations of religious texts, militancy and sacrifice, apocalypticism and terrorism, and religious terrorism today. The book brings together new approaches adopted by the authors to not only trace the causes of terrorism in various religious interpretations and realms, but also reach a common definition of the main religious causes beyond diverse perspectives, and advance solutions against religious-inspired terrorism.
Download or read book Oil Thefts and Pipeline Vandalization in Nigeria written by Igbinovia, Patrick Edobor and published by Safari Books Ltd.. This book was released on 2014-07-19 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oil Thefts and Pipeline Vandalization in Nigeria focuses on leakages in oil revenue through thefts and vandalisation which has now become a national shame and embarrassment. The book presents a scholarly evaluation of the evolution, etiology, causes, nature, extent, characteristics, legal aspects, trends rationale and modus operandi of the phenomena in the country. This study is a substantial academic contribution to our knowledge on the subject matter for further research by social scientists and scholars, legal practitioners, law enforcement professionals, criminal justicians, corporate officials and other interest groups and stakeholders.
