Download or read book The Last Crusade in the West written by Joseph F. O'Callaghan and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2014-03-10 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By the middle of the fourteenth century, Christian control of the Iberian Peninsula extended to the borders of the emirate of Granada, whose Muslim rulers acknowledged Castilian suzerainty. No longer threatened by Moroccan incursions, the kings of Castile were diverted from completing the Reconquest by civil war and conflicts with neighboring Christian kings. Mindful, however, of their traditional goal of recovering lands formerly ruled by the Visigoths, whose heirs they claimed to be, the Castilian monarchs continued intermittently to assault Granada until the late fifteenth century. Matters changed thereafter, when Fernando and Isabel launched a decade-long effort to subjugate Granada. Utilizing artillery and expending vast sums of money, they methodically conquered each Naṣrid stronghold until the capitulation of the city of Granada itself in 1492. Effective military and naval organization and access to a diversity of financial resources, joined with papal crusading benefits, facilitated the final conquest. Throughout, the Naṣrids had emphasized the urgency of a jihād waged against the Christian infidels, while the Castilians affirmed that the expulsion of the "enemies of our Catholic faith" was a necessary, just, and holy cause. The fundamentally religious character of this last stage of conflict cannot be doubted, Joseph F. O'Callaghan argues.
Download or read book The Last Crusade in the West written by Joseph F. O'Callaghan and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2014-04-18 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By the middle of the fourteenth century, Christian control of the Iberian Peninsula extended to the borders of the emirate of Granada, whose Muslim rulers acknowledged Castilian suzerainty. No longer threatened by Moroccan incursions, the kings of Castile were diverted from completing the Reconquest by civil war and conflicts with neighboring Christian kings. Mindful, however, of their traditional goal of recovering lands formerly ruled by the Visigoths, whose heirs they claimed to be, the Castilian monarchs continued intermittently to assault Granada until the late fifteenth century. Matters changed thereafter, when Fernando and Isabel launched a decade-long effort to subjugate Granada. Utilizing artillery and expending vast sums of money, they methodically conquered each Naṣrid stronghold until the capitulation of the city of Granada itself in 1492. Effective military and naval organization and access to a diversity of financial resources, joined with papal crusading benefits, facilitated the final conquest. Throughout, the Naṣrids had emphasized the urgency of a jihād waged against the Christian infidels, while the Castilians affirmed that the expulsion of the "enemies of our Catholic faith" was a necessary, just, and holy cause. The fundamentally religious character of this last stage of conflict cannot be doubted, Joseph F. O'Callaghan argues.
Download or read book The Romance of the Last Crusade written by Vivian Gilbert and published by . This book was released on 1923 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Western Warfare in the Age of the Crusades 1000 1300 written by John France and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text examines the nature of war in the period 1000-1300 A.D. and argues that is was primarily shaped by the people who conducted war - the landowners.
Download or read book The Last Crusade written by Nigel Cliff and published by Atlantic. This book was released on 2013 with total page 547 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in hardcover as: Holy war. New York: HarperCollins, c2011.
Download or read book Nicopolis 1396 written by David Nicolle and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Last Crusade written by Warren Hasty Carroll and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why be satisfied with leftist propaganda on the Spanish Civil War? Carroll's treatment of the events of 1936 is singular in Anglo-American scholarship for seeing the conflict for what is truly was: a death struggle against the Christian faith and a war against Christian civilization in Europe. This outstanding work of scholarship illustrates the phenomenon of the traditionalist as revisionist: the distortions of decades of Marxist historiography are overturned in Carroll's narration of the bloody struggle to preserve Western civilization in the heart of 20th century Europe.
Download or read book Crusade in Europe written by Dwight D. Eisenhower and published by Vintage. This book was released on 2013-01-02 with total page 721 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A classic of World War II literature, an incredibly revealing work that provides a near comprehensive account of the war and brings to life the legendary general and eventual president of the United States. • "Gives the reader true insight into the most difficult part of a commander's life." —The New York Times Five-star General Dwight D. Eisenhower was arguably the single most important military figure of World War II. Crusade in Europe tells the complete story of the war as he planned and executed it. Through Eisenhower's eyes the enormous scope and drama of the war--strategy, battles, moments of great decision--become fully illuminated in all their fateful glory. Penned before his Presidency, this account is deeply human and helped propel him to the highest office. His personal record of the tense first hours after he had issued the order to attack leaves no doubt of his travails and reveals how this great leader handled the ultimate pressure. For historians, his memoir of this world historic period has become an indispensable record of the war and timeless classic.
Download or read book The Prince and the Page written by Charlotte Mary Yonge and published by . This book was released on 1881 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Prince and the Page written by Charlotte M. Yonge and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-01-24 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from The Prince and the Page: A Story of the Last Crusade For the latter part of the story, the old ballad of The Blind Beggar of Bethnal Green, gives the frame work. That ballad is believed to be Elizabethan in date, and the manners therein certainly are scarcely accordant with the real thirteenth century, and still less with our notions of the days of chivalry. Some liberties therefore have been taken with it, the chief of them being that Bessee is not permitted to go forth to seek her fortune in the inn at Romford, and the readers are entreated to believe that the alteration was made by the traditions which repeated Henry de Montfort's song. It was the late Hugh Millar who alleged that the huge stone under which Edward sleeps in West minster Abbey agrees in structure with no rocks nearer than those whence the mighty stones of the Temple at Jerusalem were hewn, and there is no doubt that earth and stones were frequently brought by crusaders from the Holy Land with a view to the hallowing of their own tombs. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Download or read book The Last Crusade written by W. B. Bartlett and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Seventh Crusade and the Final Battle for the Holy Land
Download or read book The Prince and the Page written by Charlotte M Yonge and published by . This book was released on 2024-07-05 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Last Crusade written by Alan Mussell and published by iUniverse. This book was released on 2006-04-25 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the bloody Albigensian Crusade of 1209 against the Cathars in the south of modern-day France, Jean of Bziers becomes an orphan. While hiding in the shadows of the hearth of a ruined home, he watches as the knights murder his parents. The scars from that experience stay with him for years to come, disturbing his sleep with dreadful nightmares, from Languedoc to Egypt and eventually to the Holy Land. An innocent but observant boy of twelve, Jean is just beginning to question the strange tenets of his persecuted Christian sect, Catharism. He becomes increasingly unable to relate his experiences to the restrictive fundamentalism of his faith or to the materialism of mainstream Catholicism. Throughout these tribulations, Jean carries on his person a document damaging to the Knights Templar, whose contents, unknown to him, could lead to their ultimate downfall and possibly to his death. When he is sold into slavery in Egypt, the Islamic culture surrounding him, his sexual awakenings and the close friendships he forms all give Jean the necessary insights to release him from his religious turmoil. His powerful love for one person and a momentous personal discovery ultimately set him free from his obsessions and give him the strength he needs to face his future.
Download or read book Downfall of the Crusader Kingdom written by W B Bartlett and published by The History Press. This book was released on 2011-09-30 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Downfall of the Crusader Kingdom tells the story of the reason for Richard the Lionheart's infamous Third Crusade, culminating in the disastrous battle of Hattin in 1187. Hattin is one of the few battles in history that can truly be called decisive, and it was a catastrophe for the Crusaders. The leading men of the kingdom of Jerusalem, including the Knights Templar and the Hospitallers, were trapped in arid wasteland, without water and surrounded by hostile forces. The battle ended with thousands of them being taken prisoner. It was the culmination of a series of events that had been progressively leading the kingdom of Jerusalem down the road to oblivion. It was partly the resurgence of the Muslim Middle East and the rise of Saladin that led to the loss of Jerusalem, but there was another equally dangerous element at work – the enemy within. W.B. Bartlett tells the story of naked ambition and intrigue that led to bitter infighting and ultimately the downfall of the Christian crusaders.
Download or read book The Last Crusade written by Jean-Louis Costes and published by . This book was released on 2019-05-18 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Gibraltar Crusade written by Joseph F. O'Callaghan and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2011-03-17 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The epic battle for control of the Strait of Gibraltar waged by Castile, Morocco, and Granada in the late thirteenth and early fourteenth centuries is a major, but often overlooked, chapter in the history of the Christian reconquest of Spain. After the Castilian conquest of Seville in 1248 and the submission of the Muslim kingdom of Granada as a vassal state, the Moors no longer loomed as a threat and the reconquest seemed to be over. Still, in the following century, the Castilian kings, prompted by ideology and strategy, attempted to dominate the Strait. As self-proclaimed heirs of the Visigoths, they aspired not only to reconstitute the Visigothic kingdom by expelling the Muslims from Spain but also to conquer Morocco as part of the Visigothic legacy. As successive bands of Muslims over the centuries had crossed the Strait from Morocco into Spain, the kings of Castile recognized the strategic importance of securing Algeciras, Gibraltar, and Tarifa, the ports long used by the invaders. At a time when European enthusiasm for the crusade to the Holy Land was on the wane, the Christian struggle for the Strait received the character of a crusade as papal bulls conferred the crusading indulgence as well as ancillary benefits. The Gibraltar Crusade had mixed results. Although the Castilians seized Gibraltar in 1309 and Algeciras in 1344, the Moors eventually repossessed them. Only Tarifa, captured in 1292, remained in Castilian hands. Nevertheless, the power of the Marinid dynasty of Morocco was broken at the battle of Salado in 1340, and for the remainder of the Middle Ages Spain was relieved of the threat of Moroccan invasion. While the reconquest remained dormant during the late fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries, Ferdinand and Isabella conquered Granada, the last Muslim outpost in Spain, in 1492. In subsequent years Castile fulfilled its earlier aspirations by establishing a foothold in Morocco.
Download or read book The Last Crusaders written by Barnaby Rogerson and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Crusades were the bridge between medieval and modern history, between feudalism and colonialism. In many ways, the little explored later Crusades were the most significant of them all, for they made the crisis truly global. "The Last Crusaders" is about the period's last great conflict between East and West, and the titanic contest between Habsburg-led Christendom and the Ottoman Empire in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries.It focuses not on the more famous Crusades from 1095 and 1291 but on a later series of clashes between various Christian and Muslim forces in and around the Mediterranean, beginning with Portugal's capture of the city of Ceuta in 1415 and ending with the battles at Lepanto in 1571 and Alccer Quibir in 1578. From the great naval campaigns and the ferocious struggle to dominate the North African shore, the conflict spread out along trade routes, consuming nations and cultures, destroying dynasties, and spawning the first colonial empires in South America and the Indian Ocean. The author presents not only the exploits of both Christians and Muslims on the battlefield but also their shifting alliances and internal struggles. He also explores how military technologies and the expansion of trade and exploration helped shape the conflicts. This book provides a vibrant and well-organized account of this tumultuous, lesser-known period of history.
