Download or read book The Influence of Alien Chromosomes on the Drought Resistance of Chinese Spring Wheat written by Mohammadali Lahsaiezadeh and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Influence of a 1RS 1BL Rye wheat Chromosome Translocation on the Tolerance of Winter and Spring Wheat to Drought written by William Ellsworth Wyant and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings of the Sixth International Wheat Genetics Symposium written by Sadao Sakamoto and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 1300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetic Analysis of a Region Associated with Heat and Drought Tolerance on Chromosome 3B of Hexaploid Wheat Triticum Aestivum written by Julien Bonneau and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drought and heat can occur during the growth cycle of crops and severely reduce yield. A QTL associated with yield and yield-related component was found in four wheat populations (Triticum aestivum L.) on the long arm of chromosome 3B "qYDH.3BL". The four populations were grown under various climatic conditions including drought, heat and combinations of both in a number of different areas (Australia and Mexico). Linear mixed models that partition and account for genetic and non-genetic or extraneous variation were used to detect loci in single-environment and/or multi-environment QTL analysis using ASReml-R. The alleles carried by RAC875, Excalibur or Drysdale improved grain yield by between 5% and 12.5%. Two doubled haploid populations (RAC875/Kukri and Excalibur/Kukri) and two recombinant inbred line populations (RAC875/Kukri and Gladius/Drysdale) were used to fine map qYDH.3BL and identify candidate gene(s). A total of thirty-seven molecular markers were mapped on one or both genetic maps of chromosome 3B enabling development of a consensus genetic map of the qYDH.3BL region. The markers were selected based on comparisons with a published "neighbour map" of chromosome 3B or designed using either BAC-end, contig or gene sequences from the chromosome 3B sequencing project; 3BSEQ (http://urgi.versailles.inra.fr/) (cv. Chinese Spring). A positional cloning approach was used to identify candidate genes for qYDH.3BL. Molecular markers from the targeted region were assigned to physical contigs by screening the chromosome 3B BAC library experimentally using PCR or in silico by sequence comparison. A total of eight physical contigs containing 85 genes, were anchored to the qYDH.3BL region. Public and in-house resources of wheat transcript sequences were used to restrict the gene list to 65 expressed genes. Based on comparison of the 65 gene sequences to gene probes in a drought transcriptomic database, three genes were found to be differentially expressed between RAC875 and Kukri under drought conditions. Short genomic sequence reads (10x coverage) from each of the five parental lines (RAC875, Kukri, Excalibur, Gladius and Drysdale) were mapped against the 65 genes for polymorphism discovery. One gene exhibited sequence polymorphism between the drought tolerant parents (RAC875, Excalibur and Drysdale) and the drought-sensitive parents (Gladius and Kukri). In addition, presence/absence polymorphisms were consistently detected throughout a region containing 12 genes, indicating that the drought tolerant parents may have a deletion (or alien introgression) in this region. Thus, in this work, we confirmed the genetic effect of qYDH.3BL in multiple environments and multiple populations, saturated the target region with new molecular markers and defined a preliminary list of genes located in the qYDH.3BL region and selected candidate genes for further investigations.
Download or read book Mapping and Characterization of a Wheat Drought Tolerance Locus in Near Isogenic 1RS Chromosome Arm Translocations written by Tyson Ronald Howell and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wheat is an important staple food crop with an annual production of ~700 million tons, which accounts for roughly 20 % of calories and protein consumed by the human population. Yields must be increased to feed the rapidly growing world population, but water stress is a major constraint to increasing yields. One potential source of traits for improving water stress tolerance is from the introgression of chromatin from related species into wheat, often through chromosome arm translocations. One such alien chromosome arm introgression, the short arm of chromosome arm 1 from rye (1RS) has been used extensively in wheat breeding programs worldwide for its disease resistance and abiotic stress tolerance characteristics. One drawback of the 1RS translocation in wheat is that it reduces bread making quality. To remedy this, a recombinant 1RS chromosome arm was previously engineered with two interstitial wheat segments (henceforth 1RS[superscript WW]) to remove the Sec-1 locus from rye and introduce the Glu-B3/Gli-B1 locus from wheat. The 1RS[superscript WW] chromosome arm was introgressed into several wheat varieties containing the 1RS translocation, and field studies showed that grain yield was substantially decreased when the 1RS[superscript WW] chromosome arm was present, particularly under drought stress conditions. The two interstitial wheat segments were separated and further field testing showed that the presence of the distal wheat segment (1RS[superscript RW]) was associated with decreased yield, while the presence of the proximal wheat segment (1RS[superscript WR]) had no effect. Physiological characterization showed that 1RS and 1RS[superscript WR] plants had lower water use efficiency than the low yielding 1RS[superscript WW] and 1RS[superscript RW] plants. There was no difference in photosynthetic rate between the two groups, suggesting that the 1RS and 1RS[superscript WR] plants had better access to stored soil moisture, presumably because of differences in the root system. Flow sorted telosomic 1RS and 1RS[superscript RW] chromosome arms were sequenced and it was found that the interstitial wheat segment in the 1RS[superscript RW] chromosome arm was not a replacement of rye chromatin, as originally hypothesized, but was an insertion of wheat chromatin into the 1RS arm. In the inserted wheat region 28 genes were identified, two of which were prioritized for further investigation based on their high expression in roots and low expression in other tissues. Both of the genes were involved in jasmonic acid biosynthesis, which has been shown to inhibit root growth. Using two large Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes (TILLING) populations in tetraploid and hexaploid wheat, mutations were identified in 25 of the 28 genes, with three genes having no mutations detected. Of the 25 genes with mutations, a total of 50 truncation mutations were identified in 15 of the 25 genes. There were missense mutations in 22 of the 25 genes with 991 missense mutations in total. No truncation mutations were detected in the two high priority candidate genes, but one of them contained 63 missense mutations, 42 of which were predicted by the SIFT (Sorting Intolerant From Tolerant) program to have a severe impact on protein function, with three missense mutations in active sites. For the other candidate, ten missense mutations were detected, seven of which were predicted to have a severe impact on protein function. These identified mutations will be tested to confirm whether or not they are involved in the drought stress response.
Download or read book Advances in Wheat Genetics From Genome to Field written by Yasunari Ogihara and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-09-15 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This proceedings is a collection of 46 selected papers that were presented at the 12th International Wheat Genetics Symposium (IWGS). Since the launch of the wheat genome sequencing project in 2005, the arrival of draft genome sequences has marked a new era in wheat genetics and genomics, catalyzing rapid advancement in the field. This book provides a comprehensive review of the forefront of wheat research, across various important topics such as germplasm and genetic diversity, cytogenetics and allopolyploid evolution, genome sequencing, structural and functional genomics, gene function and molecular biology, biotic stress, abiotic stress, grain quality, and classical and molecular breeding. Following an introduction, 9 parts of the book are dedicated to each of these topics. A final, 11th part entitled “Toward Sustainable Wheat Production” contains 7 excellent papers that were presented in the 12th IWGS Special Session supported by the OECD. With rapid population growth and radical climate changes, the world faces a global food crisis and is in need of another Green Revolution to boost yields of wheat and other widely grown staple crops. Although this book focuses on wheat, many of the newly developed techniques and results presented here can be applied to other plant species with large and complex genomes. As such, this volume is highly recommended for all students and researchers in wheat sciences and related plant sciences and for those who are interested in stable food production and food security.
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 860 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Drought Resistance in Wheat Relatives and Their Addition Lines written by Shakir Hussain Shah and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Alien Introgression in Wheat written by Márta Molnár-Láng and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-20 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of the latest advancements in the field of alien introgression in wheat. The discovery and wide application of molecular genetic techniques including molecular markers, in situ hybridization, and genomics has led to a surge in interspecific and intergeneric hybridization in recent decades. The work begins with the taxonomy of cereals, especially of those species which are potential gene sources for wheat improvement. The text then goes on to cover the origin of wheat, breeding in connection with alien introgressions, and the problems of producing intergeneric hybrids and backcross derivatives. These problems can include crossability, sterility, and unequal chromosome transmission. The work then covers alien introgressions according to the related species used, as well as new results in the field of genomics of wild wheat relatives and introgressions.
Download or read book Comprehensive Dissertation Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 798 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetic Analyses of Wheat and Molecular Marker Assisted Breeding Volume 1 written by Jichun Tian and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-22 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book mainly describes the QTL mappings and efficacy analyses that are associated with wheat productivity, quality, physiology and various stress resistances and provides summaries of results from studies conducted both at home and abroad. It presents comparable data and analyses, helping readers to arrive at a more comprehensive understanding of the latest development in this field. The book provides a wealth of novel information, broad range of applications and in-depth findings on crop genetics and molecular breeding, making it valuable not only for plant breeders but also for academic faculties, senior researchers and advanced graduate students who are involved in plant breeding and genetics. Dr. Jichun Tian is a professor at the Department of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China.
Download or read book Biometrical genetics written by Kenneth Mather and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The properties of continuous variation are basic to the theory of evolution and to the practice of plant and animal improvement. Yet the genetical study of continuous variation has lagged far behind that of discontinuous variation. The reason for this situation is basically methodological. Mendel gave us not merely his principles of heredity, but also a method of experiment by which these principles could be tested over a wider range of living species, and extended into the elaborate genetical theory of today. The power of this tool is well attested by the speed with which genetics has grown. In less than fifty years, it has not only developed a theoretical structure which is unique in the biological sciences, but has established a union with nuclear cytology so close that the two have become virtually a single science offering us a new approach to problems so diverse as those of evolution, development, disease, cellular chemistry and human welfare. Much of this progress would have been impossible and all would have been slower without the Mendelian method of recognizing and using unit differences in the genetic materials.
Download or read book Molecular Breeding in Wheat Maize and Sorghum written by Mohammad Anwar Hossain and published by CABI. This book was released on 2021-06-30 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global population is projected to reach almost 10 billion by 2050, and food and feed production will need to increase by 70%. Wheat, maize and sorghum are three key cereals which provide nutrition for the majority of the world's population. Their production is affected by various abiotic stresses which cause significant yield losses. The effects of climate change also increase the frequency and severity of such abiotic stresses. Molecular breeding technologies offer real hope for improving crop yields. Although significant progress has been made over the last few years, there is still a need to bridge the large gap between yields in the most favorable and most stressful conditions.
Download or read book Alien Gene Transfer in Crop Plants Volume 1 written by Aditya Pratap and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-01 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetic engineering and biotechnology along with conventional breeding have played an important role in developing superior cultivars by transferring economically important traits from distant, wild and even unrelated species to the cultivated varieties which otherwise could not have been possible with conventional breeding. There is a vast amount of literature pertaining to the genetic improvement of crops over last few decades. However, the wonderful results achieved by crop scientists in food legumes’ research and development over the years are scattered in different journals of the World. The two volumes in the series ‘Alien Gene Transfer in Crop Plants’ address this issue and offer a comprehensive reference on the developments made in major food crops of the world. These volumes aim at bringing the contributions from globally renowned scientists at one platform in a reader-friendly manner. The 1st volume entitled, ‘Alien Gene Transfer in Crop Plants: Innovations, Methods and Risk Assessment” will deal exclusively with the process and methodology. The contents of this volume have been designed to appraise the readers with all the theoretical and practical aspects of wide hybridization and gene transfer like processes and methods of gene transfer, role of biotechnology with special reference to embryo rescue, genetic transformation, protoplast fusion and molecular marker technology, problems such as cross incompatibility and barriers to distant hybridization and solutions to overcome them. Since wild and weedy relatives of crop plants may have negative traits associated with them, there are always possibilities of linkage drag while transferring alien alleles. Therefore, problems and limitations of alien gene transfer from these species will also be discussed in this series. Further, the associated risks with this and assessment of risks will also be given due weightage.
Download or read book Acta Agronomica Hungarica written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 1018 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Plant Breeding Reviews Volume 12 written by Jules Janick and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-04-22 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant Breeding Reviews presents state-of-the-art reviews on plant genetics and the breeding of all types of crops by both traditional means and molecular methods. Many of the crops widely grown today stem from a very narrow genetic base; understanding and preserving crop genetic resources is vital to the security of food systems worldwide. The emphasis of the series is on methodology, a fundamental understanding of crop genetics, and applications to major crops. It is a serial title that appears in the form of one or two volumes per year.
Download or read book History of Plant Breeding written by Rolf H. J. Schlegel and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-15 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While there has been great progress in the development of plant breeding over the last decade, the selection of suitable plants for human consumption began over 13,000 years ago. Since the Neolithic era, the cultivation of plants has progressed in Asia Minor, Asia, Europe, and ancient America, each specific to the locally wild plants as well as the ecological and social conditions. A handy reference for knowing our past, understanding the present, and creating the future, this book provides a comprehensive treatment of the development of crop improvement methods over the centuries. It features an extensive historical treatment of development, including influential individuals in the field, plant cultivation in various regions, techniques used in the Old World, and cropping in ancient America. The advances of scientific plant breeding in the twentieth century is extensively explored, including efficient selection methods, hybrid breeding, induced polyploidy, mutation research, biotechnology, and genetic manipulation. Finally, this book presents information on approaches to the sustainability of breeding and to cope with climatic changes as well as the growing world population.
