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Book Context dependent Fitness Consequences of Extra pair Paternity in Tree Swallows Tachycineta Bicolor

Download or read book Context dependent Fitness Consequences of Extra pair Paternity in Tree Swallows Tachycineta Bicolor written by Kelly Kristen Hallinger and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extra-pair paternity (EPP) - the siring of offspring by a male other than a female's social partner - is a widespread phenomenon in birds. Researchers have long hypothesized that EPP must confer a genetic advantage to extra-pair offspring (EPO) over their maternal half-siblings (within-pair offspring: WPO), but support for this hypothesis has been definitively mixed. This lack of consensus might have arisen because fitness differences between EPO and WPO are only apparent in some environments. Here, I examine the role that environmental context plays in shaping the relative fitness of Tree Swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) of differing paternity status. In Chapter 1, I manipulated perceived predation risk in a population of breeding adults and monitored survival, growth, and glucocorticoid stress reactivity of their nestlings. I used an alternating block design, in which the treatment applied to each nest box was reversed in successive years of study. In so doing, I discovered that EPO were larger, longer-winged, and heavier than WPO, but only in nests that had been exposed to predators. In the absence of predators, WPO were heavier than EPO, a result that was not predicted by any existing hypothesis that seeks to explain female extra-pair behavior in birds. In Chapter 2, I took advantage of historical banding and nest records, as well as archival DNA, to investigate whether environmental conditions during development influenced the relative probability of recruitment of EPO and WPO into their natal population. I was able to identify several early-life variables that impacted the likelihood of subsequent recruitment, but found no differences in recruitment between EPO and WPO under any set of early-life circumstances. In Chapter 3, I examined long-term fitness outcomes of female swallows of known paternity status who had been born on our site and recruited into the population as adults. I found that WPO survived longer and produced more fledglings than EPO, and that their superior performance was attributable to high developmental plasticity that enabled individuals reared in particularly benign environments to outperform less plastic EPO. Collectively, these findings suggest that EPO and WPO, rather than being of intrinsically different quality, as has often been assumed, may represent alternative reproductive strategies, each of which performs best in certain environments.

Book Variability in Male Parental Care in Birds

Download or read book Variability in Male Parental Care in Birds written by Jeffrey B. Barna and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Ecology and Evolution of Male Parental Care in Savannah Sparrows

Download or read book Ecology and Evolution of Male Parental Care in Savannah Sparrows written by Corey R. Freeman-Gallant and published by Ann Arbor, Mich. : University Microfilms International. This book was released on 1997 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Reproductive Strategies in the Tree Swallow Tachycineta Bicolor

Download or read book Reproductive Strategies in the Tree Swallow Tachycineta Bicolor written by David Leffelaar and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Polygyny and Sexual Selection in Red Winged Blackbirds

Download or read book Polygyny and Sexual Selection in Red Winged Blackbirds written by William A. Searcy and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2014-07-14 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this book is to explain why red-winged blackbirds are polygynous and to describe the effects of this mating system on other aspects of the biology of the species. Polygyny is a mating system in which individual males form long-term mating relationships with more than one female at a time. The authors show that females choose to mate polygynously because there is little cost to sharing male parental care in this species, and because females gain protection against nest predation by nesting near other females. Polygyny has the effect of intensifying sexual selection on males by increasing the variance in mating success among males. For females, polygyny means that they will often share a male's territory with other females during the breeding season and will thus be forced to adapt to frequent female-female interactions. This work reviews the results of many studies by other researchers, as well as presenting the authors' own results. Studies of red-winged blackbirds have ranged from long-term investigations of reproductive success and demography, to research on genetic parentage based on modern molecular methods, to a variety of experimental manipulations of ecological circumstances and behavior. Since the red-winged blackbird is one of the best studied species of any taxa in terms of its behavior and ecology, the authors have a particularly extensive body of results on which to base their conclusions. Originally published in 1995. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Book Male Parental Care and Polygyny in Birds

Download or read book Male Parental Care and Polygyny in Birds written by Michael S. Webster and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book The Maintenance of Monogamy in Black billed Magpies and Tree Swallows

Download or read book The Maintenance of Monogamy in Black billed Magpies and Tree Swallows written by Peter Owen Dunn and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Doctoral thesis. Examines monogamous mating behaviour in black-billed magpies (Pica pica) and tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor). Male removal experiments indicated that a need for male parental care was probably a sufficient explanation for monogamy in magpies and an insufficient explanation for monogamy in swallows.

Book Determinants of Mating Success in Female Tree Swallows Tachycineta Bicolor

Download or read book Determinants of Mating Success in Female Tree Swallows Tachycineta Bicolor written by Lisha L. Berzins and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Females from a wide variety of taxa display elaborate ornaments and aggressive behaviours that are similar to those expressed by males. Although recent empirical investigation has demonstrated that ornamental traits and behaviours of females may function by attracting mates or signalling competitive ability when competing against conspecifics for access to mates and resources, less is known about how such traits influence the mating success of free-living female birds. For my research, I experimentally examined how variation in plumage brightness and behaviour of female tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) influenced their mating success. Plumage brightness of females had no influence on investment in parental care or mating strategies of males, or the quality of social mate paired to the female. These results suggest that bright plumage is not a signal of attractiveness preferred by male tree swallows. In contrast, I report evidence that plumage brightness of female tree swallows is involved in agonistic interactions with conspecifics. Females whose plumage brightness was enhanced to signal high quality were less able to retain their nest site than females whose plumage brightness was reduced to signal low quality. This suggests that females displaying bright plumage may be challenged by conspecifics of high quality to test the quality signalled by bright plumage, and is supported by the finding that females displaying enhanced plumage brightness suffered social costs, such as delaying breeding and producing low-quality nestlings. Despite these costs, females in the enhanced plumage brightness treatment mated with extra-pair males that were higher quality than their social mate. Behaviour of females, manipulated by elevating testosterone (T), lowered the proportion of extra-pair offspring in the broods of T-treated females. Females manipulated so that the androgenic and estrogenic actions of T were blocked also produced fewer extra-pair... .

Book Frontiers of Life The world of the living

Download or read book Frontiers of Life The world of the living written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 1112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Frontiers of Life

Download or read book Frontiers of Life written by David Baltimore and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 1112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Cross fostering Reveals the Direct and Indirect Effects of Developmental Temperature on Nestling Growth in Tree Swallows Tachycineta Bicolor

Download or read book Cross fostering Reveals the Direct and Indirect Effects of Developmental Temperature on Nestling Growth in Tree Swallows Tachycineta Bicolor written by Jonathan H. Pérez and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book An Empirical and Theoretical Investigation Into the Adaptive Significance of Hatching Asynchrony and Brood Reduction in the Tree Swallow Tachycineta Bicolor

Download or read book An Empirical and Theoretical Investigation Into the Adaptive Significance of Hatching Asynchrony and Brood Reduction in the Tree Swallow Tachycineta Bicolor written by Bryan Christopher Pijanowski and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: