Download or read book The Impact of Pest Management on Bees and Pollination written by Eva Crane and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pollination of tropical and subtropical crops by bees; Pesticide killing of bees in developing countries: the crops involved; Pesticide killing of bees in developing countries: the pesticides involved; Other pesticide killing of bees; Possible remedial measures.
Download or read book Status of Pollinators in North America written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-05-13 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pollinators-insects, birds, bats, and other animals that carry pollen from the male to the female parts of flowers for plant reproduction-are an essential part of natural and agricultural ecosystems throughout North America. For example, most fruit, vegetable, and seed crops and some crops that provide fiber, drugs, and fuel depend on animals for pollination. This report provides evidence for the decline of some pollinator species in North America, including America's most important managed pollinator, the honey bee, as well as some butterflies, bats, and hummingbirds. For most managed and wild pollinator species, however, population trends have not been assessed because populations have not been monitored over time. In addition, for wild species with demonstrated declines, it is often difficult to determine the causes or consequences of their decline. This report outlines priorities for research and monitoring that are needed to improve information on the status of pollinators and establishes a framework for conservation and restoration of pollinator species and communities.
Download or read book Pollination Biology Vol 1 written by Dharam P. Abrol and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-16 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book covers interplay between pest management strategies and safety of pollinators. Detailed information is provided on pests and pollinators of temperate, subtropical and tropical fruit crops. Most of the fruit crops are highly cross pollinated and depend upon insects or benefit from insect pollination for fruit set. Insect pests on the other hand cause major economic damage on fruit crops in tropics, subtropics and temperate. Evidently, pest management in fruit crops on one hand and providing safety to the pollinators on the other is a challenging task in the context of increasing horticultural productivity without upsetting the ecological balance. This book aims to integrate and develop pest control strategies in a way to minimize their impact on beneficial insect species such as natural enemies and pollinators to enhance fruit production and quality. The book covers interplay between pest management strategies and safety of pollinators. Detailed information is provided on pests and pollinators of temperate, subtropical and tropical fruit crops. Pollinators play a crucial role in flowering plant reproduction and in the production of most fruits and vegetables. Most of the fruit crops are highly cross pollinated and depend upon insects or benefit from insect pollination for fruit set. Insect pests on the other hand cause major economic damage on fruit crops in tropics, subtropics and temperate. Evidently, pest management in fruit crops on one hand and providing safety to the pollinators on the other is a challenging task in the context of increasing horticultural productivity without upsetting the ecological balance. This book aims to integrate and develop pest control strategies in a way to minimize their impact on beneficial insect species such as natural enemies and pollinators to enhance fruit production and quality. Most of the fruit crops are highly cross pollinated and depend upon insects or benefit from insect pollination for fruit set. Insect pests on the other hand cause major economic damage on fruit crops in tropics, subtropics and temperate. Evidently, pest management in fruit crops on one hand and providing safety to the pollinators on the other is a challenging task in the context of increasing horticultural productivity without upsetting the ecological balance. This book aims to integrate and develop pest control strategies in a way to minimize their impact on beneficial insect species such as natural enemies and pollinators to enhance fruit production and quality. The book covers interplay between pest management strategies and safety of pollinators.
Download or read book Advances In Insect Pollination Technology In Sustainable Agriculture written by Amarjit Singh Tanda and published by I K International Pvt Ltd. This book was released on 2023-09-23 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a comprehensive, authentic, and standard book on unique fundamentals applied to advances in insect pollination technology in the sustainable agriculture industry. This book aims to accomplish the needs of undergraduate and postgraduate students in insect pollination technology. Entomologists, agronomists, horticulturists, environmental scientists, plant breeders, researchers, professionals, extension workers, seed producers, and industrial entrepreneurs will benefit from this book. The book is divided into fourteen chapters which deal with a broad and comprehensive range of topics on advance in insect pollination technology in sustainable agriculture, global agro-industry in the absence of insect pollinators – historical outlook, pollination concepts and crop production.
Download or read book Pesticide Exposure Effects on Bees and Pollination Services at the Local and Landscape Level written by Diana Obregon Corredor and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Currently, about 11% of the Earth's habitable land area is devoted to crops and 30% more is being used for grazing. These numbers are rapidly increasing in the tropics and subtropics where most of the ongoing deforestation is happening to allow agricultural activities. These changes in land use involve the loss of natural habitat for wildlife and the increased use of synthetic pesticides, which are two of the main drivers of insect decline. Bees are vitally important pollinators of wild and cultivated plants and while there is growing evidence that bee populations are decreasing, the area of pollinator-dependent crops is expanding. To maintain and potentially increase pollination services, it is important to understand how pesticide use and local and landscape land management impact bee populations. In this dissertation, at the local level, I ask how different prophylactic application methods of the insecticide thiamethoxam impact pest control and pesticide risk for bees in squash crops. At the landscape level, I explore whether natural habitat areas mitigate negative pesticide effects on tropical pollinator communities in Solanum quitoense fields. Also, how livestock-dominated landscapes mediate pesticide exposure to veterinary pesticides in the stingless bee Tetragonisca angustula. In squash crops, I found that in-furrow applications of thiamethoxam best prevented defoliation and resulted in the highest yield. However, it also produced the most frequent and highest concentrations of insecticide residues in flowers, reaching lethal levels of exposure for bees when calculated for the solitary specialist Eucera pruinosa, making this practice unsustainable. In S. quitoense crops, natural habitat areas surrounding fields can partially mitigate negative effects of pesticides on bee communities, property that can be lost if there are very high levels of pesticides. Finally, in landscapes with high proportions of pasture for cattle ranching, I found an increased exposure but also increased tolerance to avermectin pesticides in stingless bee colonies, with these residues likely originated from veterinary applications. My results show that pesticide exposure to bees is mediated by in-farm practices but also by how the land is used beyond farm borders. By integrating landscape characterization and chemical analysis is possible to better understand the risk of pesticides for bees and potential strategies for its mitigation.
Download or read book Crop Pest Control and Pollination volume II 2nd edition written by Fang Ouyang and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-12-01 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The production of food crops helps us meet the basic need of human nutrition. The world's population now exceeds 7 billion people and continues to grow. Alongside this growth, the human demand for food also increases rapidly. Crop production is becoming increasingly intensive and large-scale and, as a result, simplified landscape-systems form. Crop production in simplified agricultural landscapes often face or suffer from various threats, such as pest damage (caused by diseases, insect pests, weeds and rodents) or a shortage of pollinators. These pests can cause serious damage to seeds, germination, growth, breeding and maturity during crop production and food storage, however, effective pest management can help to reduce crop loss. Most crops, in particular fruit trees and vegetables, require insect pollination to ensure high yields and high quality. Research into ecosystem services and their potential impact on pest control and pollination in agricultural landscapes is of great significance to sustainable crop production. Simplified and intensive agricultural landscapes can support crop production, but often have reduced biodiversity as monoculture cropping systems have limited surrounding natural habitat. This lack of natural surrounding habitat leads to the loss of ecosystem service benefits such as natural pest control and pollination. Over the past few decades, pest control has largely relied on chemical pesticides which can control pests and reduce crop losses in the short term. However, chemical pesticides cause a number of problems in the long run, for example, pest resistance to pesticides, and residues of pesticides in soil, water, and agricultural products. Excessive, improper, and long-term use of pesticides during crop production ultimately harms human health and biodiversity, especially beneficial microbes, natural enemies and pollinators. To achieve and ensure food security, food safety and ecological security, new theories, methods, practice, and application patterns need to be developed for environmentally friendly pest control and maintenance of pollination in agricultural landscapes for sustainable food production. The aim of this Research Topic is to promote the sustainable management of crop production and ecological environment protection through the discussion of crop pest control and pollination, and the publication of original research articles and reviews of research and theory. We welcome high-quality and original contributions that present original papers on basic and applied research covering aspects of natural pest control and pollination. Coverage for this Research Topic includes the biology and ecology of pollinators (including wild and managed), organisms (including parasitoids, invertebrate and vertebrate predators of insect pest and plants, mites, plant and insect pathogens, nematodes, and weeds) used for biological control, and aspects of use including biological control agents for integrated pest management on food crops, fruits and vegetables in agricultural landscapes. Natural pest control is an environmentally beneficial and effective means of reducing or mitigating pests and pest damage through the use of natural enemies. Ecological, ethological, molecular, and biotechnological approaches to the understanding of natural pest control and pollination in agricultural landscapes are welcome. Such as, by maintaining and increasing crop genetic diversity (not including genetically engineered crops), crop diversity, species diversity (not including genetically altered insects) and landscape diversity in cropping systems.
Download or read book Pesticides and Honey Bees written by L. N. Standifer and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ecofriendly Pest Management for Food Security written by Omkar Ph.D. and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-02-03 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ecofriendly Pest Management for Food Security explores the broad range of opportunity and challenges afforded by Integrated Pest Management systems. The book focuses on the insect resistance that has developed as a result of pest control chemicals, and how new methods of environmentally complementary pest control can be used to suppress harmful organisms while protecting the soil, plants, and air around them. As the world's population continues its rapid increase, this book addresses the production of cereals, vegetables, fruits, and other foods and their subsequent demand increase. Traditional means of food crop production face proven limitations and increasing research is turning to alternative means of crop growth and protection. - Addresses environmentally focused pest control with specific attention to its role in food security and sustainability. - Includes a range of pest management methods, from natural enemies to biomolecules. - Written by experts with extensive real-world experience.
Download or read book Integrative Biological Control written by Yulin Gao and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-18 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first to integrate biological control into a conceptual framework – ecostacking - uniting all aspects of biological control and ecosystem services. In 2018 the "First International Congress of Biological Control" was organised and held in Beijing, China. The chapters highlight some of the achievements presented at the congress, worldwide. Of particular significance are the numerous contributions by Chinese researchers illustrating the remarkable progress made on developing and adopting multiple biological control strategies over vast agricultural areas, largely replacing chemical pesticides for sustainable agricultural and horticultural production. In many parts of the world including Europe, fragmented research based on short-term funding has been unable to answer to the needs to develop sustainable long-term solutions to crop protection, while colleagues in China have been successful in implementing programs that exemplify the power of the ecostacking approach. Key contributions by European and US specialists combined with the expertise and experiences by the Chinese contributors comprise the building blocks for the integration of biological control approaches into the overall frame of ecostacking. This book will lead the way to a broader, integrated adoption of biological control techniques in sustainable pest, disease and weed management supporting also the functioning of other key ecosystem services. Chapter 2 of this book isavailable open access under a CC BY 4.0 license at link.springer.com
Download or read book Entomovectoring for Precision Biocontrol and Enhanced Pollination of Crops written by Guy Smagghe and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-29 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on entomovectoring, also known as apivectoring, the method used for managing pollinators to increase crop yields and employ strategies of biocontrol in greenhouses and open fields. It is written by experts working in academia and industry from the different continents of the world. Over the past 25 years Research and Development has successfully investigated the potential of pollinators to perform two tasks: dispersal of biological control agents (BCOs) and their pollination service. This book provides a basic overview of the current literature on the different aspects and factors of this novel technology. It explains and presents practical cases of enhancing pollination coupled with the suppression of plant pathogens and pests under various agricultural production practices from greenhouse to open field conditions and crops ranging from orchard fruits, to small and tender berries, vegetables and oil seeds
Download or read book Mass Production of Beneficial Organisms written by Juan A. Morales-Ramos and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2022-09-20 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mass Production of Beneficial Organisms: Invertebrates and Entomopathogens, Second Edition explores the latest advancements and technologies for large-scale rearing and manipulation of natural enemies while presenting ways of improving success rate, predictability of biological control procedures, and demonstrating their safe and effective use. Organized into three sections, Parasitoids and Predators, Pathogens, and Invertebrates for Other Applications, this second edition contains important new information on production technology of predatory mites and hymenopteran parasitoids for biological control, application of insects in the food industry and production methods of insects for feed and food, and production of bumble bees for pollination.Beneficial organisms include not only insect predators and parasitoids, but also mite predators, nematodes, fungi, bacteria and viruses. In the past two decades, tremendous advances have been achieved in developing technology for producing these organisms. Despite that and the globally growing research and interest in biological control and biotechnology applications, commercialization of these technologies is still in progress. This is an essential reference and teaching tool for researchers in developed and developing countries working to produce "natural enemies in biological control and integrated pest management programs. - Highlights the most advanced and current techniques for mass production of beneficial organisms and methods of evaluation and quality assessment - Presents methods for developing artificial diets and reviews the evaluation and assurance of the quality of mass-produced arthropods - Provides an outlook of the growing industry of insects as food and feed and describes methods for mass producing the most important insect species used as animal food and food ingredients
Download or read book Integrated Pest Management written by Dharam P Abrol and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-08-28 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrated Pest Management: Current Concepts and Ecological Perspective presents an overview of alternative measures to traditional pest management practices using biological control and biotechnology. The removal of some highly effective broad-spectrum chemicals, caused by concerns over environmental health and public safety, has resulted in the development of alternative, reduced risk crop protection products. These products, less toxic to the environment and easily integrated into biological control systems, target specific life stages or pest species. Predation — recognized as a suitable, long-term strategy — effectively suppresses pests in biotechnological control systems. Integrated Pest Management covers these topics and more. It explores the current ecological approaches in alternative solutions, such as biological control agents, parasites and predators, pathogenic microorganisms, pheromones and natural products as well as ecological approaches for managing invasive pests, rats, suppression of weeds, safety of pollinators, role of taxonomy and remote sensing in IPM and future projections of IPM. This book is a useful resource to entomologists, agronomists, horticulturists, and environmental scientists. - Fills a gap in the literature by providing critical analysis of different management strategies that have a bearing on agriculture, sustainability and environmental protection - Synthesizes research and practice on integrated pest management - Emphasizes an overview of management strategies, with critical evaluation of each in the larger context of ecologically based pest management
Download or read book Pesticide Use Habitat Manipulation and Management Changes as Factors in Pollinator Sustainability in Pennsylvania Apple Orchards written by Sarah Shugrue and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pollinator declines, and their impact on crop production, have become a major concern in recent years. A variety of factors have been implicated in the wild and managed bee declines including pathogens, parasites, pesticides, and habitat loss. This thesis focuses specifically on the assessment of pesticide exposure to pollinators, differences in pollinator community composition associated with orchards and floral enhancement plantings, and the interaction between pest management practices and pollinator health. Pesticide residue levels in apple pollen and nectar were measured to determine the oral exposure of bees to pesticides, and dose mortality curves depicting the oral toxicity of commonly used pesticides to honey bees were created. Furthermore, the bee communities in commercial apple orchards were compared to the bee communities in government-funded pollinator habitats. Pesticide residue levels in the pollen and nectar were significantly lower than the application rate, and laboratory assays indicate that these levels did not pose a threat to honey bees. Additionally, the bee communities in the orchards were different from the bee communities in the managed pollinator habitat, but the pollinator habitats did not support more tree fruit pollinating or rare bee species than the orchards did. The results from these experiments should be influential in instructing new policy regarding pollinator health, specifically pesticide toxicity testing on pollinators, and the use of managed bee habitats as a conservation tool.
Download or read book Bee Health written by Linda-Jo Schierow and published by Createspace Independent Pub. This book was released on 2013-03-13 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bees, both commercially managed honey bees and wild bees, play an important role in global food production. In the United States, the value of honey bees only as commercial pollinators in U.S. food production is estimated at about $15 billion to $20 billion annually. The estimated value of other types of insect pollinators, including wild bees, to U.S. food production is not available. Given their importance to food production, many have expressed concern about whether a “pollinator crisis” has been occurring in recent decades. In the United States, commercial migratory beekeepers along the East Coast of the United States began reporting sharp declines in 2006 in their honey bee colonies. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) reports that overwinter colony losses from 2006 to 2011 averaged more than 32% annually. This issue remained legislatively active in the 110th Congress and resulted in increased funding for pollinator research, among other types of farm program support, as part of the 2008 farm bill (P.L. 110-246). Congressional interest in the health of honey bees and other pollinators has continued in the 112th Congress (e.g., H.R. 2381, H.R. 6083, and S. 3240) and may extend into the 113th Congress. This report: Describes changes in managed and wild bee populations, given readily available data and information. It focuses on managed and wild bees only, and excludes other types of pollinators, including other insects, birds, and bats. Data on managed honey bees are limited, and do not provide a comprehensive view of changes in bee populations. Data for wild bee populations are even more limited; Provides a listing of the range of possible factors thought to be negatively affecting managed and wild bee populations. In addition to pesticides, other identified factors include bee pests and diseases, diet and nutrition, genetics, habitat loss and other environmental stressors, and beekeeping management issues, as well as the possibility that bees are being negatively affected by cumulative, multiple exposures and/or the interactive effects of each of these factors; Briefly summarizes readily available scientific research and analysis regarding the potential role of pesticides among the factors affecting the health and wellbeing of bees, as well as the statutory authority and related regulatory activities of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) related to pesticide use. A 2007 report by the National Research Council of the National Academy of Sciences, Status of Pollinators in North America, provides a more detailed scientific context for this report and may be consulted for more in depth understanding about bee health. That study concluded that many factors contribute to pollinator declines in North America, and CRS accedes to that conclusion. Accordingly, the focus of this report on bee exposure to pesticides is not intended to imply that pesticides are any more important in influencing the health and wellness of bees than any of the other identified factors influencing bee health. Pesticides are only one of the many influences on bee health. Because neonicotinoid pesticides have been the focus of concerns in Europe and in the United States, this report briefly describes recent scientific research related to possible effects of exposure to these pesticides on bees. The report concludes with a summary of recent regulatory activity regarding neonicotinoids at EPA, the federal agency charged with assessing risks and regulating U.S. sale and use of pesticides.
Download or read book Pollinator Protection written by Carl A. Johansen and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pollen Traps as a Beekeeping Integrated Pest Management Tool written by Joshua Michael Rubinstein and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Keywords: honey bees, varroa mites, microencapsulated pesticides, integrated pest management, Penncap-M.
Download or read book Insect Pollination of Cultivated Crop Plants written by Samuel Emmett McGregor and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
