Download or read book The Impact of Nitrogen Deposition on Natural and Semi Natural Ecosystems written by S.J. Langan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-14 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an up-to-date synthesis of the understanding of the interaction between the emission of nitrogen, its deposition and impact on the most important components of natural and semi-natural ecosystems. The work consists of contributions from internationally renowned research scientists. Individual chapters deal with the factors and processes related to nitrogen deposition and soils, non-forest vegetation communities, forest ecosystems, and surface waters. The assessment of these impacts is discussed in terms of setting critical loads. The book is aimed at researchers, advanced course students and policy makers/advisors involved with aspects of the impact of air pollution.
Download or read book The Impact of Nitrogen Deposition on Natural and Semi Natural Ecosystems written by SJ. Langan and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nitrogen deposition written by Mike Hornung and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The European Nitrogen Assessment written by Mark A. Sutton and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-04-14 with total page 665 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting the first continental-scale assessment of reactive nitrogen in the environment, this book sets the related environmental problems in context by providing a multidisciplinary introduction to the nitrogen cycle processes. Issues of upscaling from farm plot and city to national and continental scales are addressed in detail with emphasis on opportunities for better management at local to global levels. The five key societal threats posed by reactive nitrogen are assessed, providing a framework for joined-up management of the nitrogen cycle in Europe, including the first cost-benefit analysis for different reactive nitrogen forms and future scenarios. Incorporating comprehensive maps, a handy technical synopsis and a summary for policy makers, this landmark volume is an essential reference for academic researchers across a wide range of disciplines, as well as stakeholders and policy makers. It is also a valuable tool in communicating the key environmental issues and future challenges to the wider public.
Download or read book Nitrogen Deposition Critical Loads and Biodiversity written by Mark A. Sutton and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-04-10 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together extended reviews and papers of new scientific research on atmospheric nitrogen deposition impacts globally. While there is a wealth of evidence on the magnitude, components and effects of nitrogen disposition on floral biodiversity in Europe and North America, there is an obvious lack of information on impacts on above- and below-ground fauna, and all impacts in other parts of the world, with no clear overview of how the different strands of evidence fit together. This overall synthesis is targeted at the international conventions, but is equally readable for scientists, environmental managers, conservation agencies and policy makers. 'This timely book highlights the global nitrogen deposition problem. Major regions of the world are exceeding sustainability thresholds for adverse effects on ecosystem function and biodiversity. This highlights the importance of ongoing work, including under the Convention on Biological Diversity, in developing indicators and monitoring nitrogen deposition effects to enable appropriate measures. This book presents a milestone towards this global goal as the international community works toward meeting the Aichi Biodiversity Targets, especially Target 8: "By 2020, pollution, including from excess nutrients, has been brought to levels that are not detrimental to ecosystem function and biodiversity". Braulio Ferreira de Souza Dias, Executive Secretary, Convention on Biological Diversity “This key volume highlights the global challenge to reduce atmospheric nitrogen pollution resulting from energy production, transport and agricultural activities. It takes forward the agenda recently launched in the UNEP commissioned report ‘Our Nutrient World”. Dr. Anjan Datta, UNEP.
Download or read book Atmospheric Ammonia written by Mark Sutton and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-12-30 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anthropogenic emissions of ammonia cause a host of environmental impacts, including loss of biodiversity, soil acidification and formation of particulate matter in the atmosphere. Under the auspices of the UNECE Convention on Long Range Transboundary Air Pollution, around 80 international experts met to review the state of scientific knowledge. This book reports their analysis. It concludes that threshold levels for ammonia effects have been underestimated and sets new values, it assesses the independent evidence to verify reported reductions in regional ammonia emissions, and it reviews the uncertainties in modelling ammonia, both in "hot spots" and at the regional scale.
Download or read book Heathlands written by R. Aerts and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increased atmospheric nitrogen deposition and changes in the management of heathlands have caused a significant change in the species composition of the NW-European heathlands. This change from ericaceous towards gramineous dominance is analysed in detail in Heathlands: Patterns and Processes in a Changing Environment. Special emphasis is put on the effects of increased atmospheric nutrient input on nutrient cycling, competition between plant species and plant--herbivore interactions. The possibilities for the long-term conservation of heathlands are discussed by considering regeneration from seed and the usefulness of mathematical management models. The book provides a synthesis of pure and applied plant ecology. It is vital reading for plant ecologists, biological conservationists, heathland managers and government decision makers.
Download or read book Effects of nitrogen deposition on ecosystems above and belowground written by Hui Wang and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-03-09 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Maryland Hotel Apartment written by and published by . This book was released on 1972* with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nitrogen in the Environment Sources Problems and Management written by R.F. Follett and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2001-12-03 with total page 539 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitrogen in the Environment: Sources, Problems, and Management is the first volume to provide a holistic perspective and comprehensive treatment of nitrogen from field, to ecosystem, to treatment of urban and rural drinking water supplies, while also including a historical overview, human health impacts and policy considerations. It provides a worldwide perspective on nitrogen and agriculture. Nitrogen is one of the most critical elements required in agricultural systems for the production of crops for feed, food and fiber. The ever-increasing world population requires increasing use of nitrogen in agriculture to supply human needs for dietary protein. Worldwide demand for nitrogen will increase as a direct response to increasing population. Strategies and perspectives are considered to improve nitrogen-use efficiency. Issues of nitrogen in crop and human nutrition, and transport and transformations along the continuum from farm field to ground water, watersheds, streams, rivers, and coastal marine environments are discussed. Described are aerial transport of nitrogen from livestock and agricultural systems and the potential for deposition and impacts. The current status of nitrogen in the environment in selected terrestrial and coastal environments and crop and forest ecosystems and development of emerging technologies to minimize nitrogen impacts on the environment are addressed. The nitrogen cycle provides a framework for assessing broad scale or even global strategies to improve nitrogen use efficiency. Growing human populations are the driving force that requires increased nitrogen inputs. These increasing inputs into the food-production system directly result in increased livestock and human-excretory nitrogen contribution into the environment. The scope of this book is diverse, covering a range of topics and issues from furthering our understanding of nitrogen in the environment to policy considerations at both farm and national scales.
Download or read book Atlas of Ecosystem Services written by Matthias Schröter and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-31 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to identify, present and discuss key driving forces and pressures on ecosystem services. Ecosystem services are the contributions that ecosystems provide to human well-being. The scope of this atlas is on identifying solutions and lessons to be applied across science, policy and practice. The atlas will address different components of ecosystem services, assess risks and vulnerabilities, and outline governance and management opportunities. The atlas will therefore attract a wide audience, both from policy and practice and from different scientific disciplines. The emphasis will be on ecosystems in Europe, as the available data on service provision is best developed for this region and recognizes the strengths of the contributing authors. Ecosystems of regions outside Europe will be covered where possible.
Download or read book Atmospheric Reactive Nitrogen in China written by Xuejun Liu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-04 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atmospheric reactive nitrogen (N) emissions, as an important component of global N cycle, have been significantly altered by anthropogenic activities, and consequently have had a global impact on air pollution and ecosystem services. Due to rapid agricultural, industrial, and urban development, China has been experiencing an increase in reactive N emissions and deposition since the late 1970s. Based on a literature review, this book summarizes recent research on: 1) atmospheric reactive N in China from a global perspective (Chapter 1); 2) atmospheric reactive N emissions, deposition and budget in China (Chapters 2-5); 3) the contribution of atmospheric reactive N to air pollution (e.g., haze, surface O3, and acid deposition) (Chapters 6-8); 4) the impacts of N deposition on sensitive ecosystems (e.g., forests, grasslands, deserts and lakes) (Chapters 9-12); and 5) the regulatory strategies for mitigation of atmospheric reactive N pollution from agricultural and non-agricultural sectors in China (Chapters 13-14). As such it offers graduate students, researchers, educators in agricultural, ecological and environmental sciences, and policy makers a glimpse of the environmental issues related to reactive N in China .
Download or read book Nitrogen Inputs to Semi natural Ecosystems written by Birgitte Hansen and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nitrogen and Ozone Pollution written by Muhammad Adrees and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last century, inputs of reactive nitrogen (N) to ecosystems have more than doubled as a result of anthropogenic activities. There is strong evidence that N has reduced the diversity of plant species in a range of habitats of high conservation value. The effects of atmospheric N deposition on the structure and functioning of natural and semi-natural ecosystems have been well studied. There has, however, been little investigation of the contrasting effects of reduced versus oxidised N, or of the importance of frequency of inputs. This thesis involves a study which investigates the response of a heath land plant community to different forms of N applied at low & frequent vs infrequent and high levels of N additions. Solutions were applied at one of five intervals: weekly, two weekly, monthly, two monthly and four monthly. In large parts of the UK, ozone (03) critical levels for agricultural crops, forests and semi- natural vegetation are regularly exceeded. In grassland ecosystems, similar effects on major plant functional groups have been reported for both 03 and N, however, their combined effects have rarely been investigated. This thesis investigates how differing levels of N deposition modify the effects of 03 on calcifugous grassland species using an open top chamber fumigation facility at Silwood Park, Ascot. Mesocosms representing a mixed mesic plant community were exposed to different concentrations of 03 (FA, 40, 70 & 100 ppb) under two N regimes (0 & 50 kg N ha-1 y(l) in 2008. In addition, the performance of a representative grass (Festuca ovina) and legume (Trifolium repens) species were tested under differing 03 and N concentrations in 2009. In a final part of the study, cultivars of French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) bred for contrasting 03 sensitivity were exposed to a range of 03 concentrations under differing levels of N availability. 2 The results revealed that N addition significantly affected the growth and productivity of heath land mesocosms with greater proportional increases in oxidised N rather than reduced treatment. Reduced N significantly lowered soil pH while the opposite effect (increased pH) was seen with the oxidised form. Low dose, more frequent N addition resulted in bigger responses than infrequent applications of larger amounts. The research presented provides an important step to increase knowledge of the influence of both pollutants (N and 03) on grassland within plant community's functional groups. The overall community biomass of mesic grassland and grass/legume mixture declined due to 03 exposure which is a serious concern for habitat biodiversity. High N intensified the legumes sensitivity to elevated 03 and caused a greater biomass reduction than low N. Phaseo/us genotypes (5-156 and R-l23) used in the study responded significantly to 03 exposure which resulted in yield decline and poor performance at elevated 03 levels Nitrogen addition did not result in significant increase or decrease in the yield for either Phaseo/us genotype but a significant interaction effect between 03 and N was observed for 03 injury in the sensitive genotype and less injury was recorded with the higher N treatment.
Download or read book Dry deposition of nitrogen compounds to semi natural ecosystems written by Jan Duyzer and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Whole Ecosystem Nitrogen Manipulation written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Responses To and Bioindicators Of Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition on Lowland Heathland Ecosystems at Both Experimental and Field scale Levels written by Georgina Elizabeth Southon and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reactive nitrogen (N) as a result of anthropogenic activities (e.g. fossil fuel combustion, fertiliser manufacturing and intensive agricultural practices), now dominates the global nitrogen cycle. For sensitive ecosystems across the globe, perturbation of the nitrogen cycle as a result of increased inputs of reactive N, has been seen to have a profoundly detrimental impact on biodiversity and ecosystem structure and function. Concerns surrounding the conservation and protection of both natural and semi-natural habitats from the damaging effects of N deposition, have prompted widescale research, that aims to understand and quantify ecosystem responses to elevated N inputs. Much of this research is in the experimental domain, based upon the simulation of N deposition within controlled conditions. The research outlined in this thesis, is principally focused on the findings of a long-term experimental approach on a lowland heathland system in the south east of England. N additions of 30 kg N, ha−1, yr−1 were seen to cause large, persistent effects on Calluna growth, phenology and chemistry, retard the development of lower plant groups and alter soil biogeochemical processes. Interactions between N inputs and climatic stress were also observed, with N additions seen to significantly modify Calluna's response to drought conditions. Interactions between N deposition and climate were also evident at a larger scale, following a nationwide survey of UK heathlands across broad pollution, climatic and geographic gradients. Representing one of the first surveys to test both above and below ground responses to ambient N deposition across UK heathlands, the findings provide compelling evidence that many N driven changes observed within an experimental context, are also occurring at a nationwide scale. Such findings facilitate the identification of robust bioindicators of N deposition that could be successfully integrated into heathland conservation measures. Given that current emissions and deposition rates of N are predicted to double by 2050, and in regard to the future climate changes that are expected, research of the kind presented within this field of research is of the upmost importance if heathlands, and other sensitive ecosystems, are to be preserved.
