Download or read book The Impact of Foot Patrol on Black and White Perceptions of Policing written by Robert C. Trojanowicz and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interviews conducted over a four-year period demonstrated that the Neighborhood Foot Patrol program implemented in Flint, Michigan, not only improved police-community relations, but reduced the disparity in perceptions of police performance between blacks and whites. The Flint Police Department operated solely with motorized or preventive patrols until January 1979. The Neighborhood Foot Patrol Program began in 1979 with 22 foot patrol officers assigned to 14 experimental areas which included about 20 percent of the city's population. In their innovative foot patrol program, officers were based in all types of socioeconomic neighborhoods and focused on the social service as well as the law enforcement aspects of their jobs. The program reduced crime rates by 8.7 percent and calls for service by 42 percent between 1979 and 1982. Attitudes of Flint residents were assessed through interviews conducted in 1979, 1981, 1982, and 1983, using samples drawn randomly from the patrol areas. The 1979 interviews showed that Flint residents did not deviate from the national pattern of blacks consistently rating the police less favorably than whites. Interviews conducted in the subsequent three years demonstrated a dramatic decrease in the differences between black and white perceptions of the foot patrol. The range of differences between the two groups' attitudes toward the police in 1979 was from 13.2 percent to 20.2 percent. In contrast, the greatest variation between blacks and whites in their perceptions of the foot patrols' performance was 8.5 percent, and many neighborhoods had a lower variation. In effect, residents felt they gained control over the operation of the police department, while the foot patrol officers became responsive to community needs and sensitive to neighborhood culture. Charts and 13 footnotes are included.
Download or read book Foot Patrol written by Jerry H. Ratcliffe and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-02 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Brief reviews the history of foot patrol and the recent, research-driven resurgence of foot patrol in places such as Philadelphia. It summarizes and critiques existing literature on the subject, examining the efficacy of foot patrol. At the time the Philadelphia Foot Patrol Experiment was published, popular opinion about foot patrol was that it might improve community perception of police and reduce fear of crime, but it did not have a concrete crime prevention benefit. The Philadelphia Experiment represented a major examination of this concept, involving over 200 officers in 60 locations over a two-year period, in some of the highest violent crime areas of Philadelphia. The results suggested that a targeted hot spots-oriented foot patrol strategy did contribute to violent crime reduction. Four years later, the lead author of that seminal experiment explores its findings, together with the findings of the Philadelphia Policing Tactics Experiment, and examines their differences. This work also explores officer experiences with foot patrol. This Brief concludes with policy recommendations about foot patrol, when and how to implement it, and the benefits it can add to a police department. This Brief will be of interest to researchers in Criminology and Criminal Justice, particularly with an interest in Police Studies, and related fields such as sociology and public policy. It will also be of interest to practitioners and policy makers interested in evidence-based policing.
Download or read book Quality of Life Fear of Crime and Implications of Foot Patrol Policing written by Donna C. Hale and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Perceptions of Safety written by Robert C. Trojanowicz and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Data were collected during Flint, Michigan's Neighborhood Foot Patrol Program experiment and one year after foot patrol had become a citywide effort, so as to compare foot and motor patrol officers' perceptions of their safety. The study aimed to determine if a particular form of policing can help diffuse fear in law enforcement. All 22 foot patrol officers were interviewed, as were 47 randomly selected motorized officers, during January/February 1980, 1 year after the experiment began. The 1984 followup study was based upon interviews with all 64 foot patrol officers and 50 randomly selected motorized officers. In 1984, officers were asked the same five questions pertaining to safety issues and two additional questions. Officers' responses were ranked on a Likert-type scale. T-tests were used to compare responses. In 1980, foot patrol officers felt significantly safer in the conduct of their work than motorized officers. They cited familiarity with their beat neighborhoods and residents as being responsible for their sense of security. In 1984 also, foot patrol officers felt significantly safer than motorized officers for the same reason. Foot patrol officers had a significantly stronger feeling that citizens overestimated dangers in their community. Foot patrol officers were also more confident that citizens would help them if they were in trouble, believed more than motorized officers that their patrol areas were safer than the rest of Flint, and conducted fewer pat-downs. Foot patrol officers perceived themselves to be safer on their patrols than motorized officers regardless of age, race, gender, prior police experience, or military service. Tabular data and 17 footnotes are provided.
Download or read book Understanding Community Policing written by DIANE Publishing Company and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1994 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the historical evolution of community policing and its potential for the future. Provides the basis for work with demonstration sites and law enforcement organizations as they implement community policing. Extensive bibliography.
Download or read book Citizen Perspectives on Community Policing written by Brian N. Williams and published by State University of New York Press. This book was released on 1998-02-13 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Assessing citizen satisfaction with local governmental services and their delivery and distribution is essential in evaluating, restructuring, and implementing effective governmental policies. Citizen evaluations provide public officials with important clues about the perceived performance of local agencies, an important factor in inner-city areas where residents have expressed considerable dissatisfaction with the delivery of police services. This book examines the perspectives of inner-city residents in Athens, Georgia and focuses on policing, community policing, and the co-production of law enforcement. A qualitative, non-experimental research design with focus-group interviewing is used to collect, explore, and examine the perceptions and attitudes of East Athens residents and community policing officers. The focus-group technique enables the researchers to gather in-depth data on the expectations of these inner-city residents and the implications for public administrations serving this community. The results of this study examine not only the police service delivery and community policing effort in question, but also more general efforts of implementation and evaluation of public policies.
Download or read book Americans View Crime and Justice written by Timothy J. Flanagan and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 1996-06-10 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book should be made a part of any college level library that features holdings in social sciences. . . . Americans View Crime and Justice presents a national public opinion survey and its results on the issues. These edited results of a survey conducted in 1995 examine such issues as gun control, capital punishment, and juvenile crime, offering public opinion along with the analyses of a panel of criminologists. --The Midwest Book Review Readable and carefully edited, Americans View Crime and Justice reports and analyzes results from the recent National Crime and Justice Survey (NCJS), the richest and most wide-ranging investigation of public opinion on crime and justice issues in more than a decade. Conducted in June 1995, the survey features responses from 1,000 adults in the United States on now-volatile issues such as fear of crime, gun control, capital punishment, juvenile crime, and additional related topics of national concern. A distinguished panel of criminologists analyzes the collected data in this volume to present a comprehensive report on the development and current status of public opinion on these timely issues. Divided into three sections—context and framework; findings; and opinion, policy, and science—this authoritative volume also analyzes the implications of the survey data. Providing interesting insights and timely quantification of Americans′ view of crime and justice, this volume offers a unique view of public opinion particularly important to the work of researchers, law enforcement personnel, policy makers, public officials, and students of criminology and criminal justice, law, and political science.
Download or read book Exploring Criminal Justice the Essentials written by Robert M. Regoli and published by Jones & Bartlett Publishers. This book was released on 2009-01-23 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring Criminal Justice: The Essentials provides an extensive overview of the American criminal justice system in a concise and accessible format. This engaging text examines the people and processes that make up the system and how they interact. It also covers the historic context and modern features of the criminal justice system and encourages students to think about how current events in crime affect their everyday lives. Important Notice: The digital edition of this book is missing some of the images or content found in the physical edition.
Download or read book NIJ Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Criminology Penology Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Community Policing written by NA NA and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-30 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book compares community policing initiatives in Canada, Great Britain, Israel, and the United States and discusses similar efforts in other countries that have experimented with this policing strategy. The author defines community policing as "a policy and a strategy aimed at achieving more effective and efficient crime control, reduced fear of crime, improved quality of life, improved police services and police legitimacy, through a proactive reliance on community resources that seeks to change crime-causing conditions. It assumes a need for greater accountability of police, greater public share in decision making and greater concern for civil rights and liberties." The book begins with an examination of the major influences on community policing: the social, political, and other forces that shaped its emergence. The author then discusses its theoretical underpinnings, promises, practices, and limits. This is followed by a discussion of some of the key pertinent variables, such as fear of crime, attitudes of officers, attitudes of citizens, victimization, and police administration and its relation to other social service agencies as well as the media. Four chapters examine community policing in the four countries, with attention to community policing conceptualization, implementation, experience with, and knowledge of community policing. Also considered are studies that have evaluated community policing projects and other relevant issues such as sources for innovation outside the police, citizen participation, and multi-agency cooperation. Following the presentations of the four countries, the discussion highlights similarities and differences among the countries and contrasts the promises or challenges with the drawbacks or limitations of community policing. The final chapter discusses the implications of current activities for future trends in community policing and policing innovations in general.
Download or read book The 1989 Omnibus Drug Program written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on the District of Columbia. Subcommittee on Fiscal Affairs and Health and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Homicide Case Studies written by Kyle A. Burgason and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-12-27 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Homicide Case Studies is a first-of-its-kind text, offering readers more than 30 case studies drawn from real-world homicide cases that include the often-overlooked context and complexities faced by victims, offenders, law enforcement, attorneys, jurors, and correctional personnel. From investigating different forms of homicides to deciding what charges should be filed, weighty decisions about homicide cases must be made by professionals. This book provides nuanced scenarios and critical thinking questions that put readers in the role, giving them the ability to apply what they’ve learned to make well-thought-out and just decisions concerning each case. Students learn through the Andragogical approach fostering an individualized learning experience that bridges the academic–professional gap—finally providing an answer to the question "When am I going to use this?" This book is ideal for undergraduate and graduate students in criminal justice, as well as scholars, policymakers, and others with an interest in the rich and complex world of criminal homicide.
Download or read book Proactive Policing written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-03-23 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proactive policing, as a strategic approach used by police agencies to prevent crime, is a relatively new phenomenon in the United States. It developed from a crisis in confidence in policing that began to emerge in the 1960s because of social unrest, rising crime rates, and growing skepticism regarding the effectiveness of standard approaches to policing. In response, beginning in the 1980s and 1990s, innovative police practices and policies that took a more proactive approach began to develop. This report uses the term "proactive policing" to refer to all policing strategies that have as one of their goals the prevention or reduction of crime and disorder and that are not reactive in terms of focusing primarily on uncovering ongoing crime or on investigating or responding to crimes once they have occurred. Proactive policing is distinguished from the everyday decisions of police officers to be proactive in specific situations and instead refers to a strategic decision by police agencies to use proactive police responses in a programmatic way to reduce crime. Today, proactive policing strategies are used widely in the United States. They are not isolated programs used by a select group of agencies but rather a set of ideas that have spread across the landscape of policing. Proactive Policing reviews the evidence and discusses the data and methodological gaps on: (1) the effects of different forms of proactive policing on crime; (2) whether they are applied in a discriminatory manner; (3) whether they are being used in a legal fashion; and (4) community reaction. This report offers a comprehensive evaluation of proactive policing that includes not only its crime prevention impacts but also its broader implications for justice and U.S. communities.
Download or read book Policing written by John S. Dempsey and published by Wadsworth Publishing Company. This book was released on 1994 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Who are the police? What do they do? How do they do their job? Why do they do it that way? This introductory overview of what its like to be a police officer is based on the authors 24 years of experience as a New York City police officer. Drawing on his experience, the author illustrates how being a police officer affects various aspects of personal life. Including examples from other cities, this text has an international emphasis. This books unique features include an in-depth discussion of policing as it relates to the exclusionary rule and the 4th and 5th Amendments.
Download or read book Fixing Broken Windows written by George L. Kelling and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 1997 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cites successful examples of community-based policing.
Download or read book Black in Blue written by Kenneth Bolton and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-04-13 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From New York to Los Angeles, police departments across the country are consistently accused of racism. Although historically white police precincts have been slowly integrating over the past few decades, African-American officers still encounter racism on the job. Bolton and Feagin have interviewed fifty veteran African-American police officers to provide real-life and vivid examples of the difficulties and discrimination these officers face everyday inside and outside the police station from barriers in hiring and getting promoted to lack of trust from citizens and members of black communi.
