Download or read book The Garment Industry in Low Income Countries written by T. Fukunishi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-05-21 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the means through which the garment industry contributes to industrialization, poverty reduction, empowerment of undereducated workers, in particular female laborers, and shared growth in contemporary low-income countries.

Download or read book Making the Cut written by Cornelia Staritz and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2010-12-14 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The clothing sector has traditionally been a gateway to export diversification and industrial development for low-income countries (LICs) due to its low fix costs, relatively simple technology, and labor-intensive nature. It has served to absorb large numbers of unskilled, and mostly female, workers and build capital and know-how for more technologically advanced activities within and across sectors. But the environment for global clothing trade has changed significantly which may condition the role the sector can play in promoting export diversification and industrial development in LICs today. Main drivers have been the rise of global buyers and their global sourcing strategies, the phase out of quotas in the Multi-Fiber Arrangement (MFA), and, more recently, the global economic crisis. In the context of these changes, this study analyzes how the clothing sector can still provide a gateway to export diversification and industrial development for LICs today. The key objectives of this study are to assess main developments in the global clothing sector associated with the Multi-Fiber Arrangement (MFA) phase out, global buyers and their sourcing strategies, and the global economic crisis; analyze challenges that LICs are facing in the post-quota and post-crisis world in entering and upgrading within global clothing value chains; and identify policy recommendations to increase the competitiveness of LIC clothing exporters as well as to further their integration into and improve their positions within global clothing value chains. For the study interviews with buyers in the US, the EU and South Africa as well as case studies in Sub-Saharan African LICs (Kenya, Lesotho and Swaziland), Cambodia and Bangladesh were conducted. The study finds that global consolidation in the clothing sector has increased entry barriers at the country and firm level. This has created new challenges to LIC suppliers as low labor costs and preferential market access are not enough to be competitive in the clothing sector today. Suppliers with broad capabilities have been able to develop strategic relationships with global buyers. Marginal or new suppliers are entering the global value chains through intermediaries, but face limited upgrading opportunities. FDI plays an important role in integrated LICs into global clothing value chains, yet it needs to be used in a way that promotes and upgrades local clothing industries. Overall, the clothing sector still provides opportunities for export diversification and industrial development. However, this requires pro-active policies to increase the competitiveness and local embeddedness of LIC clothing exporters.

Download or read book Stitches to Riches written by Gladys Lopez-Acevedo and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2016-03-28 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: South Asia is in the midst of a demographic transition. For the next three decades, the growth of the region’s working age population will far outpace the growth of dependents. Close to one million individuals will enter the workforce every month. This large, economically active population can increase the region’s capacity to save and make crucial investments in physical capital, job training, and technological advancement. But for South Asia to realize these dividends, it must ensure that its working-age population is productively employed. As one of the most prominent labor-intensive industries in developing countries, apparel manufacturing is a prime contender. With around 4.7 million workers in the formal sector and another estimated 20.3 million informally employed (combined with textiles), apparel already constitutes close to 40 percent of manufacturing employment. And given that much of apparel production continues to be labor-intensive, the potential to create more and better jobs is immense. There is a huge window of opportunity now for South Asia, given that China, the dominant producer for the last ten years, has started to cede some ground due to higher wages. But the region faces strong competition from East Asia—with Cambodia, Indonesia, and Vietnam already pulling ahead. Plus the sector suffers from production inefficiencies and policy bottlenecks that have prevented it from achieving its potential. Against this backdrop, this report hopes to inform the debate by measuring the employment gains that the four most populous countries in South Asia—Bangladesh, India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka (hereafter `SAR countries’)—can expect in this new environment of increased competition and scrutiny. Its main message is that it is important for South Asian economies to remove existing impediments and facilitate growth in apparel to capture more production and create more employment as wages rise in China. The successful manufacturers will be those who can supply a wide range of quality products to buyers rapidly and reliably—not just offer low costs.

Download or read book Unmaking the Global Sweatshop written by Rebecca Prentice and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2017-08-25 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unmaking the Global Sweatshop gathers the work of leading anthropologists and ethnographers studying the global garment industry's impact on workers' well-being and examines the relationship between the politics of labor and initiatives to protect workers' health and safety.

Download or read book Global Production written by Edna Bonacich and published by Temple University Press. This book was released on 1994-06 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pacific Rim scholars look at globalization's impact on international economics.

Download or read book Clothing Poverty written by Andrew Brooks and published by Zed Books Ltd.. This book was released on 2015-02-12 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ‘An interesting and important account.’ Daily Telegraph Have you ever stopped and wondered where your jeans came from? Who made them and where? Ever wondered where they end up after you donate them for recycling? Following a pair of jeans, Clothing Poverty takes the reader on a vivid around-the-world tour to reveal how clothes are manufactured and retailed, bringing to light how fast fashion and clothing recycling are interconnected. Andrew Brooks shows how recycled clothes are traded across continents, uncovers how retailers and international charities are embroiled in commodity chains which perpetuate poverty, and exposes the hidden trade networks which transect the globe. Stitching together rich narratives, from Mozambican markets, Nigerian smugglers and Chinese factories to London’s vintage clothing scene, TOMS shoes and Vivienne Westwood’s ethical fashion lines, Brooks uncovers the many hidden sides of fashion.

Download or read book Trouble in the Making written by Mary Hallward-Driemeier and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2017-10-12 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technology and globalization are threatening manufacturing’s traditional ability to deliver both productivity and jobs at a large scale for unskilled workers. Concerns about widening inequality within and across countries are raising questions about whether interventions are needed and how effective they could be. Trouble in the Making? The Future of Manufacturing-Led Development addresses three questions: - How has the global manufacturing landscape changed and why does this matter for development opportunities? - How are emerging trends in technology and globalization likely to shape the feasibility and desirability of manufacturing-led development in the future? - If low wages are going to be less important in defining competitiveness, how can less industrialized countries make the most of new opportunities that shifting technologies and globalization patterns may bring? The book examines the impacts of new technologies (i.e., the Internet of Things, 3-D printing, and advanced robotics), rising international competition, and increased servicification on manufacturing productivity and employment. The aim is to inform policy choices for countries currently producing and for those seeking to enter new manufacturing markets. Increased polarization is a risk, but the book analyzes ways to go beyond focusing on potential disruptions to position workers, firms, and locations for new opportunities. www.worldbank.org/futureofmanufacturing

Download or read book Designing Integrated Industrial Policies Volume I written by Shigeru Thomas Otsubo and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-12-01 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive reference work gives an overview of the industrial development and current state of industrialization and deindustrialization in Asia, specifically Southeast Asia and China. It introduces typologies of industrial policies and discusses the manufacturing sector and its evolving role in the region. Designing Integrated Industrial Policies examines the integration of SMEs in global value chains and provides macro-econometric and firm-based micro-econometric analyses of (de)industrialization. This book will be a very useful reference particularly as a how-to guide on industrial promotion and designing integrated industrial policies not only for economic growth and job creation but also for "inclusive" development. It presents country cases and illustrates useful tools for industrial policy simulation and for evidence-based policy making through these concrete examples.

Download or read book Corporate Finance for Long Term Value written by Dirk Schoenmaker and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-09-13 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access textbook offers a guide to corporate finance for modern companies that want to create long-term value. Drawing on recent literature on sustainable companies, it starts by analysing the Sustainable Development Goals as a strategy for the transition to a sustainable economy. Next, it translates the general concept of sustainability into core corporate finance methods, such as net present value, company valuation, cost of capital, capital structure and M&A. Current corporate finance textbooks are primarily based on the shareholder model, designed to maximise financial value. This book instead adopts the integrated model, which argues that companies have to serve the interests of their current and future stakeholders. Accordingly, companies move from simply maximising financial value to optimising integrated value, which combines financial, social and environmental value. Applying this new paradigm of integrated value is the truly innovative feature of this textbook. Written for undergraduate and graduate students of Finance, Economics, and Business Administration, this textbook provides a fresh analysis of corporate finance. Combining theory, empirical data and examples from actual companies, it reveals the sustainability challenges for corporate investment and shows how finance can be used to steer funds to sustainable companies and projects and thus accelerate the transition to a sustainable economy.

Download or read book Monsoon as Method written by Lindsay Bremner and published by Actar D, Inc.. This book was released on 2022-05-25 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An edited volume by Monsoon Assemblages, a European Research Council funded research project. The book presents the methods that Monsoon Assemblages has evolved for engaging the monsoon, a globally connected weather system, as a coproducer of urban life and space in South and Southeast Asian cities. It challenges views of climate as an inert backdrop to urban life, instead suggesting that it is materially and spatially active in shaping urban politics, ecologies, infrastructures, buildings and bodies. It combines critical texts with cartography, photography and ethnography to present the project’s methodology and its outcomes and invites urban practitioners to think differently about space, time, representation and human and non-human agency. It offers intra-disciplinary, intra-active methods for rethinking human and non-human relations with weather in ways that meet the challenges of climate change and the Anthropocene.

Download or read book Sustainability in Fashion and Textiles written by Miguel Angel Gardetti and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-08 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is no doubt that the textile industry – the production of clothing, fabrics, thread, fibre and related products – plays a significant part in the global economy. It also frequently operates with disregard to its environmental and social impacts. The textile industry uses large quantities of water and outputs large quantities of waste. As for social aspects, many unskilled jobs have disappeared in regions that rely heavily on these industries. Another serious and still unresolved problem is the flexibility textile industry companies claim to need. Faced with fierce international competition, they are increasingly unable to offer job security. This is without even considering the informal-sector work proliferating both in developing and developed countries. Child labour persists within this sector despite growing pressure to halt it.Fashion demands continuous consumption. In seeking to own the latest trends consumers quickly come to regard their existing garments as inferior, if not useless. "Old" items become unwanted as quickly as new ones come into demand. This tendency towards disposability results in the increased use of resources and thus the accelerated accumulation of waste. It is obvious to many that current fashion industry practices are in direct competition with sustainability objectives; yet this is frequently overlooked as a pressing concern.It is, however, becoming apparent that there are social and ecological consequences to the current operation of the fashion industry: sustainability in the sector has been gaining attention in recent years from those who believe that it should be held accountable for the pressure it places on the individual, as well as its contribution to increases in consumption and waste disposal.This book takes a wide-screen approach to the topic, covering, among other issues: sustainability and business management in textile and fashion companies; value chain management; use of materials; sustainable production processes; fashion, needs and consumption; disposal; and innovation and design.The book will be essential reading for researchers and practitioners in the global fashion business.

Download or read book Handbook Global History of Work written by Karin Hofmeester and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2017-11-20 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coffee from East Africa, wine from California, chocolate from the Ivory Coast - all those every day products are based on labour, often produced under appalling conditions, but always involving the combination of various work processes we are often not aware of. What is the day-to-day reality for workers in various parts of the world, and how was it in the past? How do they work today, and how did they work in the past? These and many other questions comprise the field of the global history of work – a young discipline that is introduced with this handbook. In 8 thematic chapters, this book discusses these aspects of work in a global and long term perspective, paying attention to several kinds of work. Convict labour, slave and wage labour, labour migration, and workers of the textile industry, but also workers' organisation, strikes, and motivations for work are part of this first handbook of global labour history, written by the most renowned scholars of the profession.

Download or read book Global Innovation and Entrepreneurship written by Stephen E. Little and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-01-09 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addressing the wide-ranging challenges of global entrepreneurship and innovation faced by both East and West, this edited volume provides a multi-faceted overview of the complexity facing entrepreneurial firms within global value chains. Viewed from the context of an emerging multi-polar world in which Europe and Asia are seen as major actors, the book explores their relations which are becoming increasingly crucial for the understanding of global politics, trade, technology, culture and travel. Global Innovation and Entrepreneurship includes case studies and discussions from a range of sectors and takes a unique cross-disciplinary perspective from European as well as East and South Asian authors.

Download or read book Delivering Sustainable Growth in Africa written by Takahiro Fukunishi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-12-17 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this book is to fill the lack of micro evidences on a structural change of African producers. By collecting studies on single industries, we attempt to demonstrate firms' and farmers' responses to the recent economic trend such as growth of demand, emergence of FDI and improvement in infrastructure.

Download or read book Closing the Gap in a Generation written by WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2008 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social justice is a matter of life and death. It affects the way people live, their consequent chance of illness, and their risk of premature death. We watch in wonder as life expectancy and good health continue to increase in parts of the world and in alarm as they fail to improve in others.

Download or read book Routledge Handbook of Industry and Development written by John Weiss and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-09-16 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Routledge Handbook of Industry and Development is a global overview of industrialisation. Each chapter will provide readers with contemporary insights into this this essential aspect of economic development. Industrialisation has been at the forefront of discussion on economic development since the earliest days of development economics. But over the last fifty years, the manufacturing sectors of different countries and regions have grown at strikingly different rates. In 1960 developing countries took a very small share of global manufacturing production. Today the position had changed radically with fast growth of manufacturing in many parts of what was originally the developing world, particularly in China and the rest of East Asia. On the other hand, countries in Africa and parts of Latin America have been largely left behind by this process of industrialisation. This volume aims to illuminate this uneven development and takes stock of the current issues that hinder and support industrialisation in low and middle income economies. This Handbook is a collection of chapters on different aspects of industrialisation experience in a range of countries. Key themes include, the role of manufacturing in growth, the nature of structural change at different stages of development, the role of manufacturing in employment creation, alternative options for trade and industrial policy, the key role of technology and technical change, and the impact of globalisation and the spread of global value chains and foreign direct investment on prospects for industrialisation. Several chapters discuss individual country experiences with examples from India, Mexico, South Africa and Tanzania, as well as an overview of African industrialisation. This authoritative Handbook will be a key reference source for those studying or wishing to understand contemporary economic development. Offering inspiration and direction for future research, this landmark volume will be of crucial importance to all development economics scholars and researchers.

Download or read book Industrial Districts in History and the Developing World written by Tomoko Hashino and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-10-11 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book sheds new light on the role of industrial districts in the industrial development of the past and present. Industrial districts, which refer to the geographical concentration of enterprises producing similar or closely related commodities in a small area, play a significant role in the development of manufacturing industries not only historically in Europe and Japan but also at present in emerging East Asian economies, such as China and Vietnam and low-income countries in sub-Saharan Africa. The book identifies similarities in the development patterns of industrial districts in history and the present and analyzes the reasons for these similarities. More specifically, the book examines whether Marshallian agglomeration economies provide sufficient explanations and seeks to deepen understanding about the important factors that are missing. Despite the common issues addressed by economic historians and development economists regarding the advantages of industrial districts for industrial development, discussion of these issues between the two groups of researchers has been largely absent, or at best weak. The purpose of this book is to integrate the results of case studies by economic historians interested in France, Spain, and Japan and those by development economists interested in the contemporary industries still developing in China, Vietnam, Bangladesh, Tanzania, and other countries in sub-Saharan Africa.