Download or read book The Expansion of Cocoa Production in Ghana written by Kwame Arhin and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The cocoa coast The board managed cocoa sector in Ghana written by Kolavalli, Shashidhara and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2018-02-07 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After almost 20 years of declining cocoa production, Ghana has been able in the last decade to increase the share of export prices going to producers and more than double production. Contrary to Washington Consensus prescriptions, these accomplishments were achieved through reforms that did not include market liberalization. In The Cocoa Coast: The Board-Managed Cocoa Sector in Ghana, the authors identify factors that have contributed to Ghana’s success in cocoa production. These include the accountability of the government for the sector’s performance (cocoa-sector performance being seen as a key dimension of economic management), its interest in maintaining the ability to raise funds globally as a reliable supplier of high-quality cocoa, and its policy of retaining a portion of producer revenues to promote the adoption of yield-enhancing measures. The authors also suggest how Ghana can improve the efficiency of the cocoa sector through measures such as increased transparency and curtailing services that would be better provided by the private sector. The Cocoa Coast will be a valuable resource for policy makers, development specialists, and others interested in different national development paths.
Download or read book The Development and Growth of the Cocoa Industry in Ghana written by Kweku Simons and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Migrant Cocoa farmers of Southern Ghana written by Polly Hill and published by LIT Verlag Münster. This book was released on 1997 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The economic and social organisation of Ghanaian cocoa-farming is very complex, reflecting differences in population density, land tenure, accessibility, soil fertility and other factors. The 'small peasant', with his two or three acre farms, is one type of farmer, and it has always been supposed that it was he who created the world's largest cocoa-growing industry. The migration of southern Ghanaian cocoa-farmers, which has been proceeding since the 1890s, was not known to have occurred; and this study shows that it was the migrant, not the 'peasant', who was the real innovator. This migrant has scarcely been mentioned in the literature. Author Polly Hill now gives a full account of his migration, 'one of the great events in the recent economic history of Africa south of the Sahara'. The migrant farmer, who rather resembles a 'capitalist' than a 'peasant', buys land (or inherits it from those who bought before him) and conventionally uses the proceeds from one cocoa land to purchase others. It is now possible with the aid of farm-maps to study the whole migratory process, with its changing pattern of land ownership, over more than half a century. The results are revealing. The conventional notion that it was only recently that West Africans began to engage in large-scale economic enterprises is shown to be false. One of the main contentions of this book is that the migrant farmer has been remarkably responsive to economic ends. It is further shown that there is no incompatibility between this kind of enterprise and the continuance of traditional forms of social organisation: nor is there evidence that the enterprising individual found himself hampered by the demands made on him by members of his lineage. In analysing and recording the details of the migratory process, Dr. Hill has made an important contribution to the economic history of West Africa. Besides the economists and economic historians for whom the book is primarily intended, it should be studied by lawyers, geographers, social anthropologists, and all concerned with problems of underdevelopment.
Download or read book Yes Africa Can written by Punam Chuhan-Pole and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2011-06-24 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Takes an in-depth look at twenty-six economic and social development successes in Sub-Saharan African countries, and addresses how these countries have overcome major developmental challenges.
Download or read book The Cocoa Industry in Ghana written by Kaitlyn Smoot and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of this thesis is to determine which agronomic and market interventions maximize the welfare of cocoa farmers in West Africa, using Ghana as the key case study. First I look at methods to expand yields using econometric analysis of data on 200 cocoa farming households. Results suggest that the best way to increase cocoa production is by promoting fertilizer use. The Ghanaian government's CODAPEC spraying program, and access to extension services were also found to have a positive effect on yields. However, due to cocoa pricing trends and market structures, increasing yields alone is not likely a sustainable way to improve farmer incomes, and it is important to consider other measures, like vertical integration into cocoa processing. Simulations run on a model of total Ghanaian welfare derived from cocoa surprisingly suggest that under current conditions Ghana should export 100% of beans in raw form. However, if a higher percentage of the industry were in the hands of Ghanaian interests, then it would be welfare optimizing to process more beans domestically. Potential policies to promote such a situation include differential incentives for Ghanaian versus foreign processing firms and a marketing for Ghanaian processed cocoa. Another option is to change the law on cocoa purchasing by the government such that Kuapa Kokoo, Ghana's largest cooperative and the only one truly owned by farmers, can process and export their own cocoa directly. Such a move would likely have the highest and longest-lasting impact on the welfare of Ghanaian cocoa farmers.
Download or read book The cocoa coast The board managed cocoa sector in Ghana Synopsis written by Kolavalli, Shashidhara and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2017-09-28 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After almost 20 years of declining cocoa production, Ghana has been able in the last decade to increase the share of export prices going to producers, more than doubling production. Contrary to Washington Consensus prescriptions, these accomplishments were achieved through reforms but without liberalization of domestic and export marketing. The Cocoa Coast: The Board-Managed Cocoa Sector in Ghana seeks to understand the success of a sector that was not liberalized. The authors identify three major reasons for Ghana’s success in cocoa production. First, cocoa producers receive an increasing share of export prices, because of factors including a stakeholder-advised process for determining producer prices that also pays explicit attention to discouraging smuggling of cocoa to neighboring countries and the popular perception that cocoa performance is tied to the country’s general economic performance. Second, the Ghana Cocoa Board (COCOBOD) has a policy of retaining a portion of producer revenues to promote the adoption of yield-enhancing measures. Third, centralized marketing and maintenance of the high export quality for which Ghana is known enables the country to offer stable prices to producers and opportunities for local businesses to participate in the sector and retain some power in the global value chain.
Download or read book Strategies for Sustainable Land Management in the East African Highlands written by J. Pender and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2006 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Deforestation, overgrazing, and unsustainable methods of cultivation are threatening agriculture and food security in the highlands of East Africa. In response, economists and other development professionals have turned their attention to combating the pr
Download or read book The Declining Ghana Cocoa Industry written by V. K. Nyanteng and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Golden Harvest written by Ghana. Ministry of Food and Agriculture and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Organising the Farmers written by Björn Beckman and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ghana and the CPP: an introduction; The cocoa economy; The origin of the farmers' council; The struggle for monopoly; New midlemen; Participation and political control; Cocoa and the public economy.
Download or read book Resource Use Efficiency in Cocoa Industry written by Gideon Danso-Abbeam and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2014-02 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Growth in the Ghanaian cocoa sector has been achieved through expansion in area cultivated rather than improvement in yield. Average yield in Ghana's cocoa industry are less than 500kg/ha while on-station trials is above 2000kg/ha suggesting an avenue for increasing productivity through efficient and effective mobilization of factors of production. That is, for cocoa to continue play it's key role, producers ought to optimize their resource use in the industry. This book provides an empirical insight into production efficiency of smallholder cocoa farmers in Ghana using farm level data. The productivity and resource-use-efficiency were estimated through stochastic production frontier. The study revealed that cocoa farms in Ghana exhibited increasing returns-to-scale indicating reducing average cost of production. The mean technical efficiency level was 49%. The analysis is necessary in the global quest to boost production through efficient use of resources, and very useful for technocrats in the industry, production economists and anyone else who wants to enter into the industry.
Download or read book Cocoa Development in West Africa written by Benjamin Acquaah and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biodiversity Carbon and Chocolate written by Lord K. Ameyaw and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global demand of cocoa for chocolate moved the native cocoa production frontier from ancient Maya and Aztec to other favorable tropical locations around the world. Cocoa growing arrived in West Africa sometime by the late 1800s and was an instant success story. A massive investment in the form of expansion of lands under cultivation, intensification driven by improved varieties/systems and a plethora of farming incentives have led West Africa to supply more than half of the world's cocoa. Cocoa agroforestry provides a livelihood for many smallholder farmers and significant contribution to national economies; however, it also results in deforestation and land degradation. The traditional cocoa agroforestry system in highly forested tropical regions, utilized shade cocoa systems and require overhead canopy and favorable humidity to thrive. Thus, lands suitable for forest reserves or timber production, are also suitable for cocoa production. Land conversion of biodiverse High Forests in Ghana, part of the global biodiversity hotspot of the West African Guinean forest landscape, have allowed Ghana to become the second largest global cocoa producing nation. Cocoa led deforestation dominates the reported 2% rate of deforestation. In order to curb cocoa-led deforestation, it is essential to understand the crucial social, economic and environmental underpinnings of cocoa production. This study focuses on determining land use change and deforestation in the Krokosua Hills Forest Reserve, one of the most important cocoa producing areas of Ghana. Land use types are regulated within the reserve and timber production and protected area inside the reserve were compared with areas immediately outside the forest reserve over a 17-year period using multispectral satellite images acquired from Landsat and Sentinel earth observatory programs. A two-step land use pattern of change was observed, with closed forest land changing to open forest, and open forests were converted to croplands. These changes were mostly observed in areas of the forest reserve which have been technically designated as a production zone for wood/timber harvesting and admitted farming, in comparison to the areas specifically maintained for forest protection. Tree species composition varied significantly among the two broad management zones in comparison to uncultivated land within the forest reserve. Classifying tree species into ecological guilds depicts a natural reference condition of shade tolerant species, with non-pioneer light demanders among natural regeneration encountered in uncultivated areas. In contrast with other areas of the reserve where cocoa farming is interspersed with forests, regeneration of shade tolerant species is rare, with a greater amount of species as non-pioneer light demanders and pioneer species. Species composition of adult trees also showed a pattern of higher proportions of economically valuable species on cocoa farms compared with natural forest areas that are more diverse and have species represented in all the economic valuation classes of trees. In essence, cocoa farming promotes deforestation and species compositional changes that unequivocally present a challenge for forest management, particularly where objectives of cocoa farming and forestry are both emphasized within a broad land use category. This study suggests timber production and cocoa production, two vital industries in Ghana are connected with initial cutting leading conversion to cocoa. Cocoa production is susceptible to climatic variations which may be mitigated by environmentally friendly shaded cocoa production which effectively reduce associated deforestation. However, once cocoa farms are established, reduction of shade trees increases forest degradation, as farmers seek to increase cocoa yields. Therefore, land use change and the physical environment are interconnected. Since cocoa cultivation is essential to many livelihoods in Ghana, a changing global climate is of concern to smallholder cocoa farmers. Understanding cocoa farmers' perceptions on topics of climate change and its impacts are thus necessary to assess the potential of recent economic incentives to enhance sustainable cocoa production. A social survey of farmers' perception/knowledge of climate change and its potential effect on cocoa production was conducted to assess beliefs. I examined the potential of economic incentives of a REDD+ climate mitigation strategy as an alternative income generating avenue to maintain lower intensity, shaded cocoa production. Farmers' perceptions of climate were not in agreement with empirical data. Although farmers recognize the need to protect trees to provide ecosystem benefits, the system of direct monetary benefits associated with tree protection/maintenance presents a challenge for the success of integrating climate change mitigation strategies (REDD+) into cocoa farming. Common farm/cultural practices of cocoa farmers (e.g. slash and burn) may also degrade land, reducing forest biodiversity and releasing carbon.
Download or read book The Perception of and Adaptation to Climate Change in Africa written by David Maddison and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Theobroma Cacao written by Peter Aikpokpodion and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2019-11-06 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Almost five million tonnes of cocoa produced annually drives the US$100 billion global chocolate industry. To sustain the industry, cacao planting materials (seeds and clones) have been successfully moved from the Amazon forests in America to the humid tropical forests of Africa, Asia, and Australia. In more than 150 years of commercial cacao cultivation, smallholder farmers that supply the bulk of cocoa beans still face several production constraints that impede their efficiency. Scientific technologies have therefore been deployed to remove these constraints by ensuring a continuous supply of good quality cocoa beans to meet growing global demand. This book provides insight into these scientific advances to address these current and emerging problems and to assure the sustainability of the global cocoa industry.
Download or read book Cocoa Kinship In Guana written by Christine Okali and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-01-11 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published in the year 1983, Cocoa & Kinship In Guana is a valuable contribution to the field of Social Science and Anthropology.
