Download or read book The Effects of Vegetational Diversity on Herbivorous Insects and Associated Natural Enemies written by Deborah Kay Letourneau and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Natural Enemies of Insect Pests in Neotropical Agroecosystems written by Brígida Souza and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-12-18 with total page 539 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to address the importance of natural enemies and functional diversity for biological control in Neotropical agroecosystems. Several aspects related to the conservation of natural enemies, such as vegetation design and climate change, are discussed in Part 1 and the bioecology of several insects groups used in biological control in Latin America is presented in Part 2. Part 3 is devoted to mass production of natural enemies while Part 4 describes how these insects have been used to control of pests in major crops, forests, pasture, weeds and plant diseases. Lastly, Part 5 reports Latin-American experiences of integration of biological in pest management programs.
Download or read book Biodiversity and Insect Pests written by Geoff M. Gurr and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-04-12 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biodiversity offers great potential for managing insect pests. It provides resistance genes and anti-insect compounds; a huge range of predatory and parasitic natural enemies of pests; and community ecology-level effects operating at the local and landscape scales to check pest build-up. This book brings together world leaders in theoretical, methodological and applied aspects to provide a comprehensive treatment of this fast-moving field. Chapter authors from Europe, Asia, Africa, Australasia and the Americas ensure a truly international scope. Topics range from scientific principles, innovative research methods, ecological economics and effective communication to farmers, as well as case studies of successful use of biodiversity-based pest management some of which extend over millions of hectares or are enshrined as government policy. Written to be accessible to advanced undergraduates whilst also stimulating the seasoned researcher, this work will help unlock the power of biodiversity to deliver sustainable insect pest management. Visit www.wiley.com/go/gurr/biodiversity to access the artwork from the book.
Download or read book Effects of Vegetational Diversity on a Native Generalist Insect Herbivore Lygus Hesperus Hemiptera Miridae in an Agricultural System and Applications to Cultural and Biological Control written by Tiffany Ann Bensen and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biodiversity and Pest Management in Agroecosystems written by Miguel Altieri and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-03 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explore the latest research on biological control! Completely updated for 2004, this new edition examines methods for making agricultural systems less susceptible to insect pests. Containing new findings and reports of strategies, Biodiversity and Pest Management in Agroecosystems, Second Edition will show you how pests can be managed by enhancing beneficial biodiversity using agroecological diversification methods. Biodiversity and Pest Management in Agroecosystems, Second Edition provides you with an essential overview of the role of biodiversity in agriculture and then gets specific, with new and updated information on: the agroecology of pest management plant diversity and pest outbreaks within agroecosystems diversification strategies for pest management how sustainable farming systems are designed You'll also explore: the role of plant diversity on the biology of beneficial insects insect regulation in diverse agroecosystems manipulation of plant diversity in agroecosystems ecological and socioeconomic implications The fact is, many modern agroecosystems are unstable as a consequence of constant human intervention in crop systems which ignore ecological principles. With case studies on a variety of crops and pests, Biodiversity and Pest Management in Agroecosystems, Second Edition explores entomological aspects of agriculture and analyzes the ecological basis for the maintenance of biodiversity. It will familiarize you with the theory and practice of enhancing biological pest control in agricultural systems by managing vegetational diversity via multiple cropping, cover cropping, rotations, and other spatial and temporal designs. With studies on intercropping, cover cropping, weed management, and crop-field border vegetation manipulation, this book covers the effects of these diverse systems on pest population density and the mechanisms underlying pest reduction in polycultures. Make it a part of your reference/teaching collection today!
Download or read book Natural Enemies written by Ann E. Hajek and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-02-12 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher Description
Download or read book The Ecology of Animals written by Charles Sutherland Elton and published by . This book was released on 1950 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Ecological Role of a Vegetational Corridor and Cover Crops on the Diversity Abundance and Impact of Natural Enemies Within an Organically Managed Vineyard in Northern California written by Clara Ines Nicholls and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Conservation of Insect Natural Enemies in Heterogeneous Vegetable Landscapes written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: The position taken is that populations of natural enemies occupying both soil and foliar habitats are regulated by lower trophic levels. A series of hypotheses were tested on the influence of lower trophic levels on population persistence of natural enemies with divergent life history traits; the entomopathogenic nematode, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) and the larval parasitoid, Diadegma insulare Cresson (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Initial studies on the entomopathogenic nematode, were aimed at understanding their ecology in vegetable landscapes and thereafter investigations were conducted to determine the influences of insect host availability and plant diversity on population densities and the mechanisms underlying their effects. Investigations for D. insulare, focused on its responses to densities of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) and flowering coriander. Several strains of entomopathogenic nematodes that were able to infect and reproduce in common vegetable insect pests were recovered along grassy banks adjacent to cultivated areas of a vegetable production system. Soil moisture was the principal factor associated with the presence of these endemic nematode populations. Persistence of H. bacteriophora populations differed in plots with different insect host availability, but persistence differed among strains and was related, in part, to the abilities of the nematodes to survive under test site conditions. For those strains with high survival rates, populations increased with increasing host availability, whereas no such effects were observed for populations with low survival rates. Higher nematode population densities were observed in plots with more diverse plants and insect herbivores. A correlation was found between nematode population density and chrysomelid beetle abundance, suggesting that persistence was at least partially as a result of nematodes recycling within these insects. D. insulare aggregated twice as much in areas with high compared with low populations of diamondback moth. Parasitism was greater when flowering coriander was present, but this effect was only observed at low population densities. In summary, bottom-up effects of plant and herbivore communities on natural enemies above and below-ground were similar. Population persistence for the two natural enemies was higher with increasing insect hosts and plant diversity; but the effects occurred at different spatial and temporal scales.
Download or read book Insect Outbreaks Revisited written by Pedro Barbosa and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-06-29 with total page 709 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The abundance of insects can change dramatically from generation to generation; these generational changes may occur within a growing season or over a period of years. Such extraordinary density changes or "outbreaks" may be abrupt and ostensibly random, or population peaks may occur in a more or less cyclic fashion. They can be hugely destructive when the insect is a crop pest or carries diseases of humans, farm animals, or wildlife. Knowledge of these types of population dynamics and computer models that may help predict when they occur are very important. This important new book revisits a subject not thoroughly discussed in such a publication since 1988 and brings an international scale to the issue of insect outbreaks. Insect Outbreaks Revisited is intended for senior undergraduate and graduate students in ecology, population biology and entomology, as well as government and industry scientists doing research on pests, land managers, pest management personnel, extension personnel, conservation biologists and ecologists, and state, county and district foresters.
Download or read book Enhancing Biological Control written by Charles Hammond Pickett and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past ten years an increasing number of field entomologists and farmers have recognized that conservation of natural enemies is important to effective biological control in many agricultural systems. This collection addresses an important gap in the biological control literature by providing the first comprehensive summary of recent findings on habitat manipulation to control pests. Enhancing Biological Control includes contributions from experts around the world: the United States, Finland, Germany, Great Britain, People's Republic of China, and Switzerland. Chapters cover habitat modification in such areas as fields, orchards, or vineyards, and along or near the perimeters of fields, including hedges or other uncultivated areas. Generalist and specialist natural enemies are described in full, as are theoretical and practical issues. Experimental designs for studying enhancement come into play, and the editors include a modeling study that explores how the dispersal of natural enemies interacts with the positioning of refuges. This volume is an invaluable source of information to researchers, progressive farmers, and agricultural consultants.
Download or read book Associations Between Insects and Plants written by T. R. New and published by UNSW Press. This book was released on 1988 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Australian studies in biology."--Cover.
Download or read book Plant Diversity and Insect Populations written by David Alan Andow and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Host Plant and Spatial Influences on the Natural Enemy Community Structure of a Host Specific Insect Herbivore written by Robert Waid Busbee and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Both environmental variation and spatial autocorrelation play roles in structuring communities at all spatial scales. However, untangling the respective contributions of these sources of variation represent a long-standing, complex, and methodologically ever-evolving question for community ecology. Here I investigate the structure of the insect natural enemy community centered on galls produced by Belonocnema treatae (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) on the leaves of its host plants across the gall former's geographic range while controlling for spatial autocorrelation among sample sites. Belonocnema treatae exhibits regional host plant specialization across the southern US on three live oak species, Quercus fusiformis (Qf), Quercus virginiana (Qv), and Quercus geminata (Qg). I sampled the natural enemy community at 94 sites by rearing natural enemies that emerged from galls collected at each site. I identified 32,722 natural enemies representing 2:30 taxa from 126,812 galls. I hypothesized that richness and diversity on Qv would exceed that on Qf and Qg since the geographic range of Qv bridges that of Qf to the west and Qg to the east. Contrary to my hypothesis one-way ANOVA followed by a Tukey's HSD showed that both richness and Shannon-Wiener diversity was greatest on Qf. To disentangle the role of host plant affiliation from spatial autocorrelation among sample sites I conducted a Redundancy Analysis (RDA). I first used Principal Coordinates of Neighbor Matrices (PCNM) to generate explanatory variables representing orthogonal aspects of spatial structure within the sampling frame. The set of PCNM vectors that were significantly correlated with community structure were then included in a RDA along with the host plant species from which each natural enemy was reared to examine the respective roles of host plant association and spatial structure in determining abundance and species composition of the natural enemy community. This study establishes a significant role for both alternative host plants and geography in structuring the diversity of the natural enemy community of B. treatae and illustrates the advantages of the PCNM & RDA approach.
Download or read book Conservation Biological Control written by Pedro A. Barbosa and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1998-06-26 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is a comprehensive treatment of how the principles of ecology and conservation biology can be used to maximize biological control. Conservation Biological Control presents various means to modify or manipulate the environment to enhance the activities of natural enemies of pests. It establishes a conceptual link between ecology and the agricultural use of agents for biological control, and discusses both theoretical issues as well as practical management concerns. Certain to be interesting to ecologists and entomologists, this volume will also appeal to scientists, faculty, researchers and students interested in pest management, horticulture, plant sciences, and agriculture. Contains chapters by an international team of leading authorities Establishes a conceptual link between ecology and the agricultural use of agents for biological control Discusses both theoretical issues as well as practical management concerns Provides specific examples of how conservation principles are used to maximize the biological control of pests
Download or read book Multitrophic Level Interactions written by Teja Tscharntke and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-03-21 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the complex interactions between plants, their herbivores and natural enemies.
Download or read book Weed Crop Competition written by Robert L. Zimdahl and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-11-19 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the past 20 years, the first edition of this text has been widely cited as authoritative academic reference. The latest edition continues the tradition set by the original book, and covers weed science research that has been published since 1980. This book aims to reduce the instance of research duplication—saving scientists and supporting institutions time and money. Not only does the second edition of Weed Crop Competition review, summarize, and combine current research; it critiques the research as well. This text has the potential to accelerate advancements in weed crop competition, which remains an important factor that affects crop yields. Scientists in foreign countries where access to literature is often limited or nonexistent, will find the information in this text invaluable. Weed scientists, crop scientists, plant ecologists, sustainable agriculturists, and organic agriculturists will be well-pleased with this long overdue and much needed new editionWeed Crop Competition provides a unique reference that reviews, summarises and synthesizes the literature published concerning research on this topic. The first edition has been one of the most frequently cited sources in weed science for the past 20 years. The second edition covers the significant body of literature that has been published since 1980. Originally intended to survey existing research, the intent of the book is to reduce the instance of research duplication, thus saving scientists and their institutions time and money, and expediting advancements in weed crop competition, an important factor affecting crop yields. Scientists in foreign countries where access to the literature is often limited or non-existent, find the information an invaluable resource. This long overdue and much needed new edition rejuvenates the tradition set by the original book.