Download or read book The Effects of Varying Doses of Omega 3 Supplementation on Markers of Muscle Damage and Recovery After an Acute Bout of Eccentric Resistance Exercise written by Lauren Michelle Visconti and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) occurs following strenuous and/or unaccustomed exercise including resistance training. EIMD is associated with elevated blood creatine kinase (CK) concentrations, limitations in range of motion (ROM), a reduction in muscular power, and delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). EIMD may negatively affect training quality and performance, thus methods to mitigate EIMD may be useful for resistance training populations including both athletes and recreationally active individuals. Omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids, particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are known for their anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive properties. The current literature on supplementation with n-3 fatty acids and EIMD is not conclusive, however, there are data showing supplementation can ameliorate EIMD and facilitate recovery in both untrained and resistance-trained individuals following resistance exercise, particularly at higher doses. Presently, a characterization of efficacious doses of n-3 supplementation is currently lacking. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 33 days of six and eight grams of n-3 supplementation on markers of muscle damage and recovery after an acute bout of eccentric resistance exercise in resistance trained males. It was hypothesized that both six and eight grams of n-3 supplementation would attenuate EIMD and promote recovery following eccentric resistance exercise. In this double-blind randomized control study, 26 resistance trained males (23 ± 4 years; 173.6 ± 20.5 cm.; 81.9 ± 9.7 kg; 14.2 ± 3.7% BF) supplemented with six grams of n-3 fatty acids (n=10), eight grams n-3 fatty acids (n=7), or placebo (n=9) for 33 days total. On day 30, participants completed an acute bout of eccentric resistance exercise (10 sets of 8 repetitions barbell back squat at 70% 1RM with a four second eccentric, followed by 5 sets of 10 repetitions per side body weight split squat jumps). Participants were instructed to refrain from additional recovery methods post-exercise. Outcome measures included vertical jump height (VJH), perceived muscle soreness (PMS), hip and knee range of motion (ROM), repetitions to fatigue (RTF) at 70% 1RM barbell back squat, and serum creatine kinase (CK). Vertical jump height, PMS, hip and knee ROM, and capillary blood samples were taken immediately pre-exercise bout (day 30), 1 day (1d), 2 days (2d) and 3 days (3d) post-exercise, while number of RTF were completed at the familiarization session (day 21, 22, or 23) and 3d post-exercise. There was a significant difference in VJH from pre to 1d post-exercise (p=0.009, 1d to 2d (p=0.02), and 2d to 3d post-exercise (p=0.002) in all groups. Perceived muscle soreness significantly increased from pre to 1d, 2d, and 3d hour post-exercise (p 0.05), and significantly decreased at 3d post-exercise compared with 1d and 2d (p 0.05) in all groups. No significant changes occurred in hip and knee range of motion from pre to post-exercise in all groups (p 0.05), or number of (RTF) from pre-exercise (day 21, 22, or 23) to 3d post-exercise (p 0.05). There was a significant increase in serum CK from pre-exercise to 1, 2, and 3d-post exercise (p
Download or read book The Effects of Acute Omega 3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on Delayed onset Muscle Soreness and Recovery written by Colin A. Butler and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Antioxidants in Sport Nutrition written by Manfred Lamprecht and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-09-17 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of antioxidants in sports is controversial due to existing evidence that they both support and hinder athletic performance. Antioxidants in Sport Nutrition covers antioxidant use in the athlete ́s basic nutrition and discusses the controversies surrounding the usefulness of antioxidant supplementation. The book also stresses how antioxidants may affect immunity, health, and exercise performance. The book contains scientifically based chapters explaining the basic mechanisms of exercise-induced oxidative damage. Also covered are methodological approaches to assess the effectiveness of antioxidant treatment. Biomarkers are discussed as a method to estimate the bioefficacy of dietary/supplemental antioxidants in sports. This book is useful for sport nutrition scientists, physicians, exercise physiologists, product developers, sport practitioners, coaches, top athletes, and recreational athletes. In it, they will find objective information and practical guidance.
Download or read book The Effect of N 3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Post exercise Immune Function and Oxidative Stress written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Endurance exercise can affect immune function and eccentric exercise can result in increased oxidative stress. Fish oil has anti-inflammatory properties, and can be beneficial in conditions such as cardiovascular disease and may also modulate immune and oxidative responses to exercise. However, the effects of fish oil supplementation on immune function and oxidative stress after an exercise bout are currently unknown. This thesis investigated the effect of supplementation with fish oil capsules on the immune response to a bout of endurance exercise and on markers of oxidative stress following a bout of eccentric exercise. In the first study, sixteen males underwent 6 week's supplementation with either fish oil or placebo followed by an endurance exercise bout. Blood samples were taken pre-exercise, immediately, 1h and 3h post-exercise. Samples were analysed for a range of immune and inflammatory markers. Fish oil increased PBMC IL-2 and NK cell function compared to control in the recovery period. In the second study, twenty males underwent 6 week's supplementation with either fish oil or placebo followed by a bout of eccentric exercise. Blood samples were taken pre-exercise and immediately, 24h, 48h and 72h post-exercise. Samples were analysed for a range of markers of oxidative stress and muscle damage. Fish oil decreased plasma TBARS and DNA damage in the days following the exercise bout. This thesis demonstrates that fish oil supplementation increases PBMC IL-2 production and NK cell activity in the recovery period after a bout of endurance exercise and also reduces plasma TBARS and induced DNA damage after a bout of eccentric exercise. These results show that fish oil can protect against infection with URTI in the recovery period following exercise and may also protect against exercise-induced oxidative stress. However, this may also inhibit any oxidative stress-mediated adaptation to exercise.
Download or read book Nutritional Supplements in Sports and Exercise written by Mike Greenwood and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2015-09-04 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new text presents the most up-to-date research based information regarding popular sport/performance nutrient dense diets and nutritional supplements and their constituents that directly or indirectly utilize them. Previous chapters have been fully revised and new chapters have been added to cover important cutting edge topics. New chapters include: (1) Carbohydrate Utilization and Disposal in Strength/Power Training & Sports, (2) Exercise for Athletes with Diabetes, and (3) Beyond the Obvious: Future Innovations in Sports Nutrition. The volume is divided into four sections: (1) The Industrial Nature of the Supplement Game; (2) Nutritional Basics First; (3) Specialized Nutritional Strategies & Supplements; and (4) Present and Future Directions of Nutritional Supplements. Editors and authors are co-founders, board members or members of the International Society of Sports Nutrition and or current/former doctoral students from the Exercise and Sport Nutrition Laboratory located at Texas A&M University. Nutritional Supplements in Sports and Exercise, Second Edition presents cutting edge information and is valuable to sports nutritionists, exercise physiologists, strength and conditioning/personal trainers, athletic trainers, athletic coaches, registered dietitians, and college/professional sport affiliates.
Download or read book The Effects of Polyphenol Supplementation on Muscular Strength Power and Soreness Following Eccentric Exercise written by Daniel Robert Machin and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An acute bout of unaccustomed eccentric exercise causes prolonged strength loss and delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) for several days. Chronic dietary supplementation with polyphenols, from pomegranates, has been shown to accelerate recovery following eccentric exercise, but the optimal dose is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of dietary supplementation with different doses of pomegranate juice concentrate (PJC) on muscular strength, power, and soreness throughout a 96-hour time period following an acute bout of eccentric exercise. Healthy recreationally active males (n=45) were assigned to one of three treatment groups: Once-daily PJC (1x), twice-daily PJC (2x), or placebo (PLA) supplementation over a period of eight days. A 1x dose of PJC provided approximately 650 mg GAE. On day four of each treatment, subjects performed downhill running intervals ( -10% grade) over a 40-minute period followed by 40 repetitions of eccentric elbow flexion at 100% of concentric 1-RM. Muscle soreness of arms and legs, maximal isometric strength of the elbow flexors (EF) and knee extensors (KE), vertical jump height (VJ[subscript height]) maximal cycling power (P[subscript max]), and 10-meter sprint velocity (V[subscript 10m]) were assessed pre-exercise and 2, 24, 48, 72, 96 hours post-exercise. Additionally, maximal instantaneous power (IP[subscript max]), maximal velocity (V[subscript max]), maximal torque (T[subscript max]), and torque at 0° (T0) were assessed on the inertial load power cycle pre-exercise and 24, 48, 72, 96 hours post-exercise. Throughout the 96-hours post-exercise, isometric EF strength was significantly higher in 1x and 2x groups as compared to PLA (main treatment effect, 83.6 ± 2.7% vs. 85.6 ± 1.9% vs. 78.4 ± 1.8%, respectively; p
Download or read book Military Strategies for Sustainment of Nutrition and Immune Function in the Field written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-05-13 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every aspect of immune function and host defense is dependent upon a proper supply and balance of nutrients. Severe malnutrition can cause significant alteration in immune response, but even subclinical deficits may be associated with an impaired immune response, and an increased risk of infection. Infectious diseases have accounted for more off-duty days during major wars than combat wounds or nonbattle injuries. Combined stressors may reduce the normal ability of soldiers to resist pathogens, increase their susceptibility to biological warfare agents, and reduce the effectiveness of vaccines intended to protect them. There is also a concern with the inappropriate use of dietary supplements. This book, one of a series, examines the impact of various types of stressors and the role of specific dietary nutrients in maintaining immune function of military personnel in the field. It reviews the impact of compromised nutrition status on immune function; the interaction of health, exercise, and stress (both physical and psychological) in immune function; and the role of nutritional supplements and newer biotechnology methods reported to enhance immune function. The first part of the book contains the committee's workshop summary and evaluation of ongoing research by Army scientists on immune status in special forces troops, responses to the Army's questions, conclusions, and recommendations. The rest of the book contains papers contributed by workshop speakers, grouped under such broad topics as an introduction to what is known about immune function, the assessment of immune function, the effect of nutrition, and the relation between the many and varied stresses encountered by military personnel and their effect on health.
Download or read book The Effects of Exercise induced Muscle Damage with Or Without Omega 3 Supplementation on Inflammation Muscle Function and Recovery in Healthy Physically Active Younger and Older Adults written by Yvoni Kyriakidou and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Immune Function in Sport and Exercise written by Michael Gleeson and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title is directed primarily towards health care professionals outside of the United States. Designed to help readers understand and evaluate the relationship between exercise, immune function and infection risk, this book presents evidence for the "J-shaped" relationship between exercise load and infection risk. It also describes the components of the human immune system and key functions that protect the body from disease, the impact of acute and chronic psychological stress on immune function, and practical guidelines for minimizing the risk of immunodepression and infection in athletes. Further chapters explore different ways of measuring immune function, as well as the effects of heavy training on innate and specific (acquired) immunity, exercise in environmental extremes, and nutrition. Connections between exercise, infection risk, and immune function in special populations (elderly, obese, diabetic and HIV patients) are also addressed. Authored by a team of highly experienced experts. The "J-shaped" relationship between exercise load and infection risk is described, backed by current research and evidence. Components of the immune system and normal immune function are explained in detail, as well as methods for measuring immune function. The impact of acute and chronic psychological stress on immune function is presented, along with suggestions for minimizing the risk of immunodepression and infection in athletes. The effects of heavy training, exercise in environmental extremes, and nutrition are discussed with regard to their impact on innate and specific (acquired) immunity. Immune function in special populations (elderly, obese, diabetic and HIV patients) is also addressed, exploring links between exercise and infection risk in these groups. Evidence-based coverage includes a list of references in each chapter, as well as suggestions for further reading that direct readers to important texts and review articles. Information is presented in an easily accessible format, following a logical progression of material. LEach chapter begins with a list of learning objectives and ends with a list of key points to reinforce learning. A glossary at the end of the book defines all key terms and abbreviations.
Download or read book Taurine 9 written by Janusz Marcinkiewicz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-04-01 with total page 880 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taurine 9 contains original articles and critical reviews based on the oral and poster presentations of XIX International Taurine Meeting held in Kraków, Poland in May 2014. The purpose of the book is to present current ideas, new avenues and research regarding biological functions and clinical applications of taurine and taurine derivatives. It focuses on all aspects of taurine research including the cardiovascular system, the immune system, diabetes, the central nervous system, endocrine system and the role of taurine supplements in nutrition. It also includes presentations of novel animal experimental models using Cdo1 and CSAD knock-out mice.
Download or read book Effect of a Protein carbohydrate Beverage on Muscle Damage During an Acute Bout of Concurrent Exercise in Competitively training crossfit Men written by Catherine Saenz and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effect of Omega 3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on Inflammation Muscle Damage and Exercise Performance in Athletes written by and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids -- Inflammation -- Muscle damage -- Exercise performance -- Athletes -- Active individuals.
Download or read book NSCA s Guide to Sport and Exercise Nutrition written by NSCA -National Strength & Conditioning Association and published by Human Kinetics. This book was released on 2011-01-18 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NSCA’s Guide to Sport and Exercise Nutrition provides valuable information and guidelines that address the nutrition needs for the broad range of clientele serviced by strength and conditioning professionals, personal trainers, and sport dietitians. Whether you work with fitness enthusiasts or competitive athletes, this resource will lead you through the key concepts of sport and exercise nutrition so that you can assess an individual’s nutrition status and—if it falls within your scope of practice—develop customized nutrition plans. Developed by the National Strength and Conditioning Association (NSCA) and subjected to an intensive peer-review process, this authoritative resource offers the latest research and literature review from respected scientists and practitioners with expertise in nutrition, exercise, and sport performance. NSCA’s Guide to Sport and Exercise Nutrition covers all aspects of food selection, digestion, metabolism, and hydration relevant to sport and exercise performance. This comprehensive resource will help you understand safe and effective ways to improve training and performance through natural nutrition-based ergogenic aids like supplementation and macronutrient intake manipulation. You will also learn guidelines about proper fluid intake to enhance performance and the most important criteria for effectively evaluating the quality of sport drinks and replacement beverages. Finally, cutting-edge findings on nutrient timing based on the type, intensity, and duration of activity will help you understand how to recommend the correct nutrients at the ideal time to achieve optimal performance results. In addition to presenting research relating to sport and exercise nutrition, each chapter includes a professional application section that will help you make the connection between the literature and its practical implementation. Sidebars emphasize important topics, and reproducible forms consisting of a food log, brief athlete nutrition assessment, and goal-setting questionnaire can be copied and shared with your clients. A running glossary keeps key terms at your fingertips, and extensive references within the text offer starting points for your continued study and professional enrichment. Each client and athlete requires a customized diet tailored to the frequency, intensity, duration, and specificity of the training and demands of the sport or activity. With NSCA’s Guide to Sport and Exercise Nutrition, you will learn how food, sport supplements, and their interactions with a client’s biological systems can enhance exercise and sport performance for optimal training, recovery, and competition. NSCA’s Guide to Sport and Exercise Nutrition is part of the Science of Strength and Conditioning series. Developed with the expertise of the National Strength and Conditioning Association (NSCA), this series of texts provides the guidelines for converting scientific research into practical application. The series covers topics such as tests and assessments, program design, nutrition, and special populations.
Download or read book The Effects of Acute Nutritional Ketosis on Markers of Exercise induced Muscle Damage Muscle Function and Muscle Soreness During Recovery from Exercise written by Patrick Martin and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a ketone monoester supplement on indices of muscle damage during recovery from eccentric exercise.Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, independent group design, 20 moderately active healthy young adults consumed 360 mg/kg-1 bodyweight of a ketone monoester (KET) or energy-matched carbohydrate (CON) supplement twice daily following eccentric exercise (drop jumps). Maximal isometric voluntary contraction (MIVC) torque, counter-movement jump (CMJ) height, and muscle soreness were measured before (PRE), and immediately (POST), 24 h, and 48 h post-exercise. Blood samples were collected for analysis of b-hydroxybutyrate ([beta]-OHB), creatine kinase (CK), and select pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Results: Peak blood [beta]-OHB concentration after supplement intake was greater (P
Download or read book Skeletal Muscle Damage and Repair written by Peter M. Tiidus and published by Human Kinetics. This book was released on 2008 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Attempts to cover a wide range of both basic research and applied clinical topics related to skeletal muscle damage and repair mechanisms and their application. This book examines muscle damage and repair mechanisms and issues in specific populations including older adults and special populations.
Download or read book Arteriogenesis written by Wolfgang Schaper and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-11 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emphasizes the research activities of Germany’s Nauheim Institute of the Max Planck Society and its group of investigators both past and present, in the field of collateral artery growth. Incorporates a multidisciplinary in vivo approach to the study of arteriogenesis that includes molecular approaches with classical physiology and immunohistochemistry. Full color throughout and well illustrated.
Download or read book Effect of Hydroxytyrosol Supplementation on Muscle Damage in Healthy Human Following an Acute Bout of Exercise written by Heon Tae Kim and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 6 weeks of hydroxytyrosol (HT) supplementation on markers of muscle damage in healthy, recreationally active men before and throughout acute aerobic exercise bouts. Using a randomized, double-blind, repeated-measures, placebo-controlled design, sixty-one (n = 61) subjects (21.46 ± 0.22 yrs, 179.46 ± 0.79 cm, 78.91 ± 1.19 kg) consumed either a high dose (HI) HT supplement (150 mg HT), a low dose (LO) HT supplement (50 mg HT), or a placebo (PLA) every day for 6 weeks. Throughout the course of the study, the subjects performed four time trial rides (TT1-TT4) on a cycle ergometer. TT1 occurred before supplementation, TT2 halfway through the supplementation period, and TT3 and TT4 occurred in the sixth week and final two days of supplementation. Blood was drawn prior to (pre) and just before termination (end) of each time trial to measure markers of muscle damage during exercise. We observed that endurance exercise increased indicators of muscle damage, CPK and myoglobin, but an association between HT treatment and reduced muscle damage indicators during exercise were not demonstrated. However, the HT supplementation for 6 weeks in recreationally-active males improved time trial performance in the HT treatment groups over the course of the study and this improvement was accompanied by a lower increase in myoglobin concentration in blood in the HI treatment group than in the LO treatment group. Also, performance was improved after 6 weeks in the PLA group. This improvement was associated with an increase in rating of perceived exertion (RPE). RPE was not increased in either the LO and HI treatment groups, although time trial performance was significantly improved. It is possible that HT can improve performance by altering perception of effort. We conclude that chronic and acute HT supplementation did not reduce markers of muscle damage in this population at rest, during, or following exercise, but improved aerobic performance.
