Download or read book The Token Economy written by Alan Kazdin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applications of operant techniques in treatment and education have proliferated in recent years. Among the various techniques, the token economy has been particu larly popular. The token economy has been extended to many populations included in psychiatry, clinical psychology, education, and the mental health fields in general. Of course, merely because a technique is applied widely does not neces sarily argue for its efficacy. Yet, the token economy has been extensively re searched. The main purpose of this book is to review, elaborate, and evaluate critically research bearing on the token economy. The book examines several features of the token economy including the variables that contribute to its efficacy, the accomplishments, limitations, and potential weaknesses, and recent advances. Because the token economy literature is vast, the book encompasses programs in diverse treatment, rehabilitation, and educational settings across a wide range of populations and behaviors. Within the last few years, a small number of books on token economies have appeared. Each of these books describes a particular token economy in one treatment ,etting, details practical problems encountered, and provides suggestions for ad ministering the program. This focus is important but neglects the extensive scholarly research on token economies. The present book reviews research across diverse settings and clients. Actually, this focus is quite relevant for implementing token economies because the research reveals those aspects and treatment variations that contribute to or enhance client performance.
Download or read book Tackling the Motivation Crisis written by Mike Anderson and published by ASCD. This book was released on 2021-08-16 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Mike Anderson explores incentive systems, which do not motivate achievement or a love of learning, and the six intrinsic motivators that lead to real student engagement"--
Download or read book The Token Economy written by Teodoro Ayllon and published by New York : Appleton-Century-Crofts. This book was released on 1968 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effects of Token Reinforcement Systems on the Basic Skills Learnings of Migrant Populations written by Andrew J. Heitzman and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Behavior Change in the Human Services written by Martin Sundel and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2017-01-13 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Behavior Change in the Human Services, Sixth Edition continues to provide a systematic introduction and overview of behavioral and cognitive principles and their applications to a wide range of problems and situations encountered in the human service professions. Designed for students and practitioners, the book uses a unique problem-solving framework to demonstrate how behavior change principles can be applied to practice situations. Martin and Sandra Sundel feature a detailed and sequential organization that encourages readers to move progressively through material of increasing complexity and to conduct self-assessments of their knowledge. The Fifth Edition includes eight clinical case studies and many new and engaging examples that address issues such as substance abuse, child behavior problems, assertiveness, marital discord, and developing appropriate social behaviors. The expanded chapter on intervention techniques incorporates empirically tested behavioral and cognitive strategies for addressing clinical problems such as phobias, anxiety disorders, depression, and other behavioral disorders. Current developments and trends in the field are discussed, including the movement toward evidence-based practice. This comprehensive yet accessible text also features figures, charts, and forms to demonstrate data collection and analysis. Any student pursuing a career in the helping professions, including social work, psychology, counseling, special education, nursing, and psychiatry, will find this book valuable
Download or read book Educational Psychology written by Jeanne Ellis Ormrod and published by Pearson Educacion. This book was released on 2014 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Educational Psychology: Developing Learners is known for its exceptionally clear and engaging writing, its in-depth focus on learning, and its extensive concrete applications. Its unique approach helps students understand concepts by examining their own learning and then showing them how to apply these concepts as teachers. More than any other educational psychology text, this text moves seamlessly between theory and applications, features the most extensive and integrated coverage of diversity, contexts of learning, neuropsychology and brain development, and classroom applications of technology. It includes innumerable concrete examples to help readers connect educational psychology to real children and classrooms. From reviews of the book: Rather than simply presenting the necessary content, the author makes you feel like she is talking directly to you...I love that diversity that has been woven throughout the fabric of this text...Ormrod's personalized writing style will reach undergraduate students in a way that few authors can. [The book] is concise, yet thorough; comprehensive, yet unpretentious.--Angela Bloomquist, California University of Pennsylvania 'Compared to other texts, Ormrod's text is written in a more accessible way...Strengths [include] accessibility, good use of supplementary materials, [and] updated research. --David Yun Dai, University at Albany, SUNY Love how each chapter discusses diversity and special needs! ...Most students keep this text throughout their teaching careers as a resource. Of all the educational psychology textbooks that I've used, this one is the most comprehensive and interactive with vivid examples...The supplemental materials are very useful. The power point is extensive and easy to use for lecture. I use the test bank materials and find the questions to be aligned with students' licensure exams. --Cindy Ballantyne, Northern Arizona University Note: MyEducationLab does not come automatically packaged with this text. To purchase MyEducationLab, please visit: www.myeducationlab.com or you can purchase a valuepack of the physical text MyEducationLab.
Download or read book The Incredible Years Training Series written by Carolyn Webster-Stratton and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Token Economy written by Shermin Voshmgir and published by Token Kitchen. This book was released on 2020-06-21 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the second edition of the book Token Economy originally published in June 2019. The basic structure of this second edition is the same as the first edition, with slightly updated content of existing chapters and four additional chapters: "User-Centric Identities," "Privacy Tokens," "Lending Tokens," and How to Design a Token System and more focus on the Web3. //Part one outlines the fundamental building blocks of the Web3, including the role of cryptography and user-centric digital identities. Part two explains Web3 applications like smart contracts, DAOs & tokens. The last two parts of the book focus on tokens as the atomic unit of the Web3, explaining the properties and functions of money and outlining the emerging field of decentralized finance (DeFi) that might power a potential future digital barter economy. Use cases such as asset tokens, purpose driven tokens, BAT (Basic Attention Token), social media tokens (Steemit, Hive and Reddit), privacy tokens, and stable tokens are explored, including the role of CBDCs (Central Bank Digital Currencies) and Facebook's Libra.//Tokens - often referred to as cryptocurrencies - can represent anything from an asset to an access right, such as gold, diamonds, a fraction of a Picasso painting or an entry ticket to a concert. Tokens could also be used to reward social media contributions, incentivize the reduction of CO2 emissions, or even ones attention for watching an ad. While it has become easy to create a token, which is collectively managed by a public Web3 infrastructure like a blockchain network, the understanding of how to apply these tokens is still vague. This book attempts to summarize existing knowledge about blockchain networks and other distributed ledgers as the backbone of the Web3, and contextualize the socio-economic implications of the Web3 applications such as smart contracts, tokens, and DAOs to the concepts of money, economics, governance and decentralized finance (DeFi).//The industry keeps referring to “Blockchain” as different from “Bitcoin,” creating an artificial divide that is often misleading. There seems to be too little understanding about the fact that Bitcoin is a blockchain network, which is (a) globally managed by people who mostly do not know each other, and (b) enabled by the consensus protocol that (c) incentivizes all network actors for their contributions with a native token. The governance rules are tied to the minting of a native blockchain token. The Bitcoin token can, therefore, be seen as the currency of a distributed Internet tribe, called the Bitcoin network, where network actors are rewarded with Bitcoins, just as the Ether is the currency of the distributed Internet tribe Ethereum network, or Sia is the native currency of the Sia network. The Bitcoin network and other distributed ledgers all represent a collectively maintained public infrastructure and are the backbone of the next generation Internet, what the crypto community refers to as the Web3.
Download or read book Token Economy written by Shermin Voshmgir and published by . This book was released on 2019-06-27 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Blockchains & smart contracts have made it easy for anyone to create a token with just a few lines of code. The book gives an intro to tokens and the underlying technology, the socio-economic implications, and selected use cases. It is written for a general audience, features many graphics, and could be a useful textbook for university students.
Download or read book Teaching Students With High Incidence Disabilities written by Mary Anne Prater and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2016-12-29 with total page 984 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To ensure that all students receive quality instruction, Teaching Students with High-Incidence Disabilities prepares preservice teachers to teach students with learning disabilities, emotional behavioral disorders, intellectual disabilities, attention deficit hyperactivity, and high functioning autism. It also serves as a reference for those who have already received formal preparation in how to teach special needs students. Focusing on research-based instructional strategies, Mary Anne Prater gives explicit instructions and includes models throughout in the form of scripted lesson plans. The book also has a broad emphasis on diversity, with a section in each chapter devoted to exploring how instructional strategies can be modified to accommodate diverse exceptional students. Real-world classrooms are brought into focus using teacher tips, embedded case studies, and technology spotlights to enhance student learning.
Download or read book Exceptional Children written by Daniel Patrick Hallahan and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Schedules of Reinforcement written by B. F. Skinner and published by B. F. Skinner Foundation. This book was released on 2015-05-20 with total page 794 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contingent relationship between actions and their consequences lies at the heart of Skinner’s experimental analysis of behavior. Particular patterns of behavior emerge depending upon the contingencies established. Ferster and Skinner examined the effects of different schedules of reinforcement on behavior. An extraordinary work, Schedules of Reinforcement represents over 70,000 hours of research primarily with pigeons, though the principles have now been experimentally verified with many species including human beings. At first glance, the book appears to be an atlas of schedules. And so it is, the most exhaustive in existence. But it is also a reminder of the power of describing and explaining behavior through an analysis of measurable and manipulative behavior-environment relations without appealing to physiological mechanisms in the brain. As en exemplar and source for the further study of behavioral phenomena, the book illustrates the scientific philosophy that Skinner and Ferster adopted: that a science is best built from the ground up, from a firm foundation of facts that can eventually be summarized as scientific laws.
Download or read book Preventing Problem Behaviors written by Bob Algozzine and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2015-04-28 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In today's increasingly diverse PreK–12 classrooms, problem behaviors can often interrupt instructional time and disrupt learning. Designed for 21st-century school leaders, administrators, behavior specialists, and classroom teachers, this research-based guide offers specific strategies and plans for preventing problem behavior at both the classroom and school level. Based on the premise that early response to problems can lead to better outcomes for students, the book's content is framed around four essential areas: foundations, intervention, collaboration, and evaluation. Within these areas, this accessible guide features: -The latest information on the science and practice of prevention -Reasons why conflict resolution, peer mediation, and bully-proofing are essential to prevention -Effective practices for teaching social skills to young children -Proven techniques for implementing schoolwide positive behavior support -Tools for using individual behavior plans to prevent problems -Ideas for home-school and community partnerships and culturally responsible teaching -Critical strategies for monitoring student progress and evaluating prevention practices -New, updated chapters, including information on preschool behavior support and RTI This valuable resource provides all the tools and strategies school leaders and teachers need to keep children focused on learning.
Download or read book A Work in Progress Companion Series written by Ron Leaf and published by Drl Books, Incorporated. This book was released on 2012-05-01 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Building on the seminal guide and curriculum A Work In Progress, Autism Partnership has followed up with this highly anticipated companion series that synthesizes solid information on various teaching strategies with demonstrations of actual sessions with students on DVD. The goal at Autism Partnership has always been to blend a natural, child-friendly approach to teaching while remaining determinedly systematic. This series offers viewers the unique opportunity to see these approaches implemented in actual teaching environments. Volume 5 focuses on Developing Reinforcers. The foundation of good teaching is utilizing powerful reinforcement so as to motivate students to learn as well as behave appropriately. We will show you how to be creative in developing new sources of reinforcement, which is especially useful for students who have limited interests.
Download or read book Contingencies of Reinforcement written by B. F. Skinner and published by B. F. Skinner Foundation. This book was released on 2014-07-01 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: B. F. Skinner titled this book, Contingencies of Reinforcement, after the heart of his science of behavior. Contingencies relate classes of actions to postcedent events and to the contexts in which those action-postcedent relations occur. The basic processes seem straightforward, but many people do not know or understand the underlying theory. Skinner believed that ‘a theory is essential to the scientific understanding of behavior as a subject matter”. This book presents some of Skinner’s most sophisticated statements about theoretical issues. To his original articles, he added notes to clarify and expand subtle points. The book thus provides an overview of Skinner’s thinking about theory and the philosophy underpinning the science he began.
Download or read book The Matching Law written by Richard J. Herrnstein and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This impressive collection features Richard Herrnstein's most important and original contributions to the social and behavioral sciences--his papers on choice behavior in animals and humans and on his discovery and elucidation of a general principle of choice called the matching law. In recent years, the most popular theory of choice behavior has been rational choice theory. Developed and elaborated by economists over the past hundred years, it claims that individuals make choices in such a way as to maximize their well-being or utility under whatever constraints they face; that is, people make the best of their situations. Rational choice theory holds undisputed sway in economics, and has become an important explanatory framework in political science, sociology, and psychology. Nevertheless, its empirical support is thin. The matching law is perhaps the most important competing explanatory account of choice behavior. It views choice not as a single event or an internal process of the organism but as a rate of observable events over time. It states that instead of maximizing utility, the organism allocates its behavior over various activities in exact proportion to the value derived from each activity. It differs subtly but significantly from rational choice theory in its predictions of how people exert self-control, for example, how they decide whether to forgo immediate pleasures for larger but delayed rewards. It provides, through the primrose path hypothesis, a powerful explanation of alcohol and narcotic addiction. It can also be used to explain biological phenomena, such as genetic selection and foraging behavior, as well as economic decision making.
