Download or read book The Effects of Seed Rate and Varietal Selection for Weed Suppression and Herbicide Sensitivity in Winter Wheat Triticum Aestivum L written by Nicholas E. Korres and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of Three Herbicides on Yields of Five Cultivars of Winter Wheat Triticum Aestivum L Em Thell written by Amor Yahyaoui and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the development of new selective herbicides and the frequent change in commercial wheat cultivars, information is needed as to the possible interaction between cultivars and herbicides. The responses of five genotypically diverse wheat cultivars (Bezostaya, Daws, Maris Hobbit, Stephens and Yamhill) to diuron [3-(3,4-dichloropheny1)-1,1- dimethylurea], diclofop methyl 2-[4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenoxy] propanoate and 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid) herbicides were compared under field and greenhouse conditions during the 1979-80 growing season. Grain yield was considered as a measure of herbicide injury when compared to the control plots for each cultivar. Effect on components of yield, plant height and grain protein content also were investigated. Differences in yield performance and related agronomic characters could be attributed to specific herbicides, designated rates and growth stages at the time of application. The lower (1.4 kg/ha) rate of diuron, diclofop and 2,4-D reduced yields less than the higher rate (2.8 kg/ha). Diuron and diclofop applied at the earlier (three to to five leaf) growth stage caused greater yield reductions than when applied at the later (five to six tiller) growth stage. Differential yield responses were found among and within the five winter wheat cultivars. The higher rate of diuron (2.8 kg/ha) caused the most injury in all of the cultivars tested. Major injury from diclofop occurred on the cultivar Maris Hobbit with minor effects on the other four cultivars. The primary reduction in yield from application of 2,4-D was to the cultivar Bezostaya. Among the five wheat cultivars tested in this experiment, Daws was the most tolerant to the three herbicides tested. Among the yield components (number of spikes per unit area, kernels per spike and 1000 kernel weight), number of kernels per spike accounted for most of the variation in yield. The data showed a direct relationship between kernel number and grain yield. Grain protein percentage of Daws, Maris Hobbit, Stephens and Yamhill significantly increased at the higher rate of diuron; whereas a similar increase was noted only in Bezostaya at the lower rate of 2,4-D. These increases in protein were associated with significant decreases in yield. Yield reductions due to herbicide treatments were generally lower than those due to weed competition. Reductions in yield and corresponding changes in the other agronomic characteristics observed in this experiment were the result of concentrations which are higher than those normally used in spraying wheat for weed control. This high chemical dosage was chosen for each herbicide to assure a greater differential response among and within the wheat cultivars. It also provided information for the plant breeder as to which cultivars had higher levels of tolerance. Such information is important when making hybrid combinations for the development of future varieties if higher levels of tolerance to specific herbicides are required.

Download or read book British National Bibliography for Report Literature written by and published by . This book was released on 2001-10 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Index to Theses with Abstracts Accepted for Higher Degrees by the Universities of Great Britain and Ireland and the Council for National Academic Awards written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 770 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 1732 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Weed Crop Competition written by Robert L. Zimdahl and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-11-19 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the past 20 years, the first edition of this text has been widely cited as authoritative academic reference. The latest edition continues the tradition set by the original book, and covers weed science research that has been published since 1980. This book aims to reduce the instance of research duplication—saving scientists and supporting institutions time and money. Not only does the second edition of Weed Crop Competition review, summarize, and combine current research; it critiques the research as well. This text has the potential to accelerate advancements in weed crop competition, which remains an important factor that affects crop yields. Scientists in foreign countries where access to literature is often limited or nonexistent, will find the information in this text invaluable. Weed scientists, crop scientists, plant ecologists, sustainable agriculturists, and organic agriculturists will be well-pleased with this long overdue and much needed new editionWeed Crop Competition provides a unique reference that reviews, summarises and synthesizes the literature published concerning research on this topic. The first edition has been one of the most frequently cited sources in weed science for the past 20 years. The second edition covers the significant body of literature that has been published since 1980. Originally intended to survey existing research, the intent of the book is to reduce the instance of research duplication, thus saving scientists and their institutions time and money, and expediting advancements in weed crop competition, an important factor affecting crop yields. Scientists in foreign countries where access to the literature is often limited or non-existent, find the information an invaluable resource. This long overdue and much needed new edition rejuvenates the tradition set by the original book.

Download or read book Winter Wheat Triticum Aestivum L as a Cover Crop in Sugar Beet Beta Vulgaris L Production written by Paul Bryan Knoerr and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Mon 37500 Affects Grass Weed Control in Winter Wheat Triticum Aestivum L and Rotational Crop Injury written by Sandra Lynn Shinn and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Agrindex written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 908 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book An Evaluation of Interseeded Winter Wheat Triticum Aestivum for the Suppression of Common Waterhemp Amaranthus Tuberculatus in Soybean Glycine Max written by Madison Wozniak and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to the widespread distribution of herbicide resistant common waterhemp [Amaranthus tuberculatus (Moq.) Sauer (syn. rudis)], chemical weed control options have become limited. Intense selection of herbicide resistant biotypes will result in a higher demand for alternative weed control approaches. Living mulches have been utilized in row crops for the suppression of weeds, but this practice has not been widely adopted in corn and soybean production in the Midwest. Therefore, five studies were conducted to investigate the implementation, efficacy, and practicality of interseeded winter wheat in soybeans for the suppression of common waterhemp. The goal of these studies was to provide regional growers with information that can be utilized first-hand. An improved understanding of the use of integrated weed management (IWM) approaches may reduce the gap between the theoretical aspects of IWM programs and the practical implications. Expanding resources for regional growers could help increase weed management diversity, increase adoption of sustainable practices, and slow the selection of herbicide resistant biotypes. Studies were conducted in the 2019, 2020, and 2021 growing seasons at the Agronomy Research Center, Horticultural Research Center, and Belleville Research Center. The tested interseeded system was compared to a standard soybean-only weed management program to quantify weed control and crop competition. Results from field studies indicate that on average planting winter wheat without the use of herbicides reduced common waterhemp counts by 83% in fall plantings, 81% in April plantings, 12% in early-May plantings, and 14% in late-May plantings compared to the soybean-only comparison. Similarly, common waterhemp biomass was reduced 78% in fall plantings, 94% in April plantings, 30% in early-May planings, and 37% in late May plantings when compared to the soybean-only comparson. Planting winter wheat earlier in the spring (April) provided the most consistent winter wheat biomass production. In some instances, planting winter wheat in April ahead of soybean planting reduced soybean grain yield compared to the soybean-only standard comparison. Soybean grain yield reductions in the April planted treatment compared to the soybean-only pre-emergent followed by post-emergent treatment (standard comparison) was upwards of -27% when herbicides were applied, to -82% when no herbicides were applied. However, in the same treatment, soybean grain yield was also as high as 28% over the soybean-only standard comparison. The variability in outcome is likely correlated with the weather and precipitation events corresponding with the growing season. Terminating the winter wheat by soybean growth stage V3 could avoid significant soybean grain yield reduction. In seasons with increased moisture during the soybean reproductive stages, waiting to terminate the until as late as V6 did not result in soybean grain yield reduction compared to the soybean-only standard comparison. Interseeded winter wheat did not deter the incorporation of post-emergent applied residual herbicides. The use of residual herbicides in the post-emergent application did not always result in better end of season common waterhemp efficacy. Additionally, endomycorrhizal fungi were incorporated as a seed treatment in the interseeded system to observe competitive alleviation by microbial species. In these studies, no differences were detected in soybean growth or grain yield. Reduction in height was noted in greenhouse studies in interspecies pots. The introduction of additional species in the treatments had a negative impact on soybean growth characteristics and those negative impacts were not alleviated by the introduction of endomycorrhizal fungi. Large-scale on-farm interseeded trials were successful in reducing the height and number of emerged common waterhemp and Palmer amaranth. When comparing the height of common waterhemp and Palmer amaranth in the soybean-only post-emergence only treatment prior to the post-emergence application, the pre-emergent program and the interseeded program preformed similar with a 91% reduction in weed counts. Similarly, when observing weed heights, the pre-emergent herbicide reduced weed height by 48% while the interseeded treatments reduced weed heights by 69%. Indicating that when interseeded winter wheat is properly established, interseeding may extend time for the grower to make an on-label herbicide application. It is not uncommon for growers to struggle with timeliness of post-emergent herbicide application given the rapid growth of common waterhmp and Palmer amaranth. Implementation method of this interseeded system did not reduce efficacy of the interseeded winter wheat program. Soybean grain yield was not significantly reduced by the interseeded winter wheat at any location in the on-farm trials. These data evidence that when implemented successfully, interseeding winter wheat in soybean is an effective IWM strategy for common waterhemp suppression.

Download or read book Effect of Winter Wheat Triticum Aestivum Cultivars on Weed Control in Ecofallow Corn Zea Mays written by Robert E. Ramsel and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effect of Seed Rate and Chemical Weed Control on the Productivity of Wheat Triticum Aestivum Under Different Planting Methods written by Anurag Deswal and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Herbicide Resistance in Weeds and Crops written by J. C. Caseley and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Herbicide Resistance in Weeds and Crops is a collection of papers presented at the 11th Long Ashton International Symposium in September 1989. The said symposium is held to study about the increasing incidence of herbicide-resistant weeds and the consideration of the production of herbicide-resistant crops. The book includes studies that suggest the delay and prevention of herbicide resistance; the gravity of the infestation of different herbicide-resistant weed; the management of herbicide resistance; and the mechanisms of herbicide tolerance. Also covered in the book are the improvement of different herbicides, as well as the prospective development of genetically engineered herbicide-resistant plants. Botanists, biochemists, and farmers would greatly benefit from the text, especially those who would like to explore and study the phenomenon.

Download or read book Changes in Winter Wheat Triticum Aestivum L Phenotype in Response to Breeding for Yield and In furrow Fertilizer written by Rafael Eidi Maeoka and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The grain yield of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) increased over time through plant breeding, and preliminary research suggested that yield response to fertilizer differs in modern versus historical genotypes. However, this response is not universal. We hypothesize selection for yield may have unintentionally modified the dynamics of nutrient uptake and partitioning in the plant. Thus, our objectives were to identify the key shifts in crop phenotype, in above-ground biomass and in dynamics of nutrient uptake and partitioning during vegetative and reproductive phases in response to selection for yield and to in-furrow fertilizer. Field experiments were conducted in four Kansas environments in a factorial trial combining eight winter wheat varieties released between 1920 and 2016, and two fertilizer practices (control versus 112 kg ha−1 in-furrow 12-40-0-10-1). Grain yield and grain N-removal increased non-linearly with year of release (YOR), with greater increases between 1966 and 2000. In-furrow fertilizer increased yield in ~300 kg ha−1 with no variety x fertility interactions. Grain protein concentration (GNC) related negatively to yield, and the residuals of this relationship were unaffected by YOR. Yield increase in semi-dwarf varieties were associated with shorter vegetative period and longer grain filling period, and more kernels m−2 derived from more kernels head−1. Historical varieties were taller, had thinner stems, and allocated more biomass to the stem than semi-dwarf varieties. At grain filling and maturity, shoot biomass was similar among varieties but semi-dwarf varieties allocated more dry matter to the kernels, suggesting that increases in yield derived from greater harvest index (HI) rather than greater biomass. Whole plant nutrient concentration negatively related to whole plant biomass and increased over decades for N, P, and S and decreased for K. In-furrow fertilizer increased the concentration of all nutrients. Grain-N, P, K, and S uptake increased from historical to semi-dwarf varieties; thus, nutrient HI increased with YOR, with greater increases between 1966 and 2000. Nutrient HI decreased with in-furrow fertilizer as the fertilizer increased biomass allocation to the vegetative tissues more than to the grain. Nutrient allocation rate to the head related positively to whole plant uptake rate, and YOR increased the head allocation rate for N, K, and S. There were positive and significant relationships between NHI and the HI of P, K, and S. Whole plant N uptake and P, K, and S uptake were also positively related, with ratios of 9.2, 1.1, and 15.4 for N:P, N:K, and N:S. Direct selection for grain yield modified the dynamics of nutrient uptake and partitioning over time, with semi-dwarf varieties allocating more N, P, K, and S to the grain. The ability of modern varieties to allocate more biomass and nutrients to the grain, coupled to an early maturity and longer grain filling period, increased grain yield and grain N-removal over time. However, increases in yield were greater than those in N-removal, reducing GNC. In-furrow fertilizer increased grain yield, biomass, and grain N, P, K, S uptake; nonetheless, the lack of variety x fertility interaction suggested variety response to fertility was similar.

Download or read book Winter Wheat Triticum Aestivum Tolerance to and Weed Control with Pyroxasulfone written by Logan A Grier and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1991-10 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Growth and Development of Winter Wheat Triticum Aestivum L in Response to Intra and Interspecific Competition written by Osama S. Saleh and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kin recognition, is identified as the ability of individual to reduce its competitiveness in In plants, , relative recognizing could have evolved through selection of traits that control the competitive abilities of the organism depending on whether it is experiencing inter- or intra-specific competition. In this dissertation research, four studies were conducted to assess kin recognition in winter wheat. The cultivar AP503cl2 was chosen as a model plant in these studies. In the first study, winter wheat was grown together with self, different winter wheat cultivars, and other species to estimate intra and inter specific competition patterns. It found that winter wheat reduced its competitive potential with self and other wheat and respond differently with the other species. Winter wheats and other species were sown as sole and surrounded with four individuals (same or different species) to evaluate the effect of the high seeding rates on the plant growth and development. The presence of winter wheat high seeding rate has influenced the growth and development of all species, but not wheat cultivars. Winter wheat was separated to prevent any root connection and to study the effect of reflected light by self or other species related to Poaceae, Asteraceae, and Amaranthaceae on winter wheat shoot growth. It found the Amaranthaceae species had the highest impact on wheat shoot growth. The competition was also studied as the seed level by incubating winter wheat seeds under different light and temperature environments to assess the role of companion (competitor) species seeds on seed germination rates. Seed germination was influenced by light and temperature, but not by the presence of companion (competitor) species.