Download or read book Schedules of Reinforcement written by B. F. Skinner and published by B. F. Skinner Foundation. This book was released on 2015-05-20 with total page 794 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contingent relationship between actions and their consequences lies at the heart of Skinner’s experimental analysis of behavior. Particular patterns of behavior emerge depending upon the contingencies established. Ferster and Skinner examined the effects of different schedules of reinforcement on behavior. An extraordinary work, Schedules of Reinforcement represents over 70,000 hours of research primarily with pigeons, though the principles have now been experimentally verified with many species including human beings. At first glance, the book appears to be an atlas of schedules. And so it is, the most exhaustive in existence. But it is also a reminder of the power of describing and explaining behavior through an analysis of measurable and manipulative behavior-environment relations without appealing to physiological mechanisms in the brain. As en exemplar and source for the further study of behavioral phenomena, the book illustrates the scientific philosophy that Skinner and Ferster adopted: that a science is best built from the ground up, from a firm foundation of facts that can eventually be summarized as scientific laws.
Download or read book Principles of Behavioral Analysis written by Julian C. Leslie and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 1996. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Download or read book Principles of Behavioural Analysis written by Julian C. Leslie and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-10-28 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1996. The field of behavior analysis began with the research studies of B.F. Skinner in the 1930s. In 1950, Keller and Schoenfeld published Principles of Psychology. It was the first text to present the basic principles of behavior analysis in a systematic fashion. While continuing to cite and describe the seminal articles in the field, in this book Leslie also includes clear presentations of new findings. The systematic presentation of these findings enables the author to provide laboratory based accounts of increasingly complex forms of human behavior, instead of plausible extrapolations which were the only option available at an earlier time. The Principles of Behavior Analysis does not sacrifice sweep for detail, and also does not sacrifice adequate presentation of basic principles for oversimplification.
Download or read book Psychology of Learning and Motivation written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1967-01-01 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Psychology of Learning and Motivation
Download or read book Psychology written by Daniel L. Schacter and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 2009 with total page 801 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "An introduction to psychology doesn't have to be science-challenged to be student-friendly. After all, what more powerful tool is there for captivating students than the real science behind what we know? This skillful presentation centers on a smart selection of pioneering and cutting-edge experiments and examples, it effectively conveys the remarkable achievements of psychology (with the right amount of critical judgment) to introduce the field's fundamental ideas to students" - from publisher.
Download or read book New Developments in Behavioral Research Theory Method and Application written by Barbara C. Etzel and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-09-10 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1977, these examples of research and scholarly argument were collected in honor of Professor Sidney W. Bijou. In the language of academics, they constitute a Festschrift: a festival of scholarly writing, performed to celebrate the career of a person who produced, and stimulated others to produce, exactly such contributions throughout a long, valuable, and productive professional history. Since 1955, Dr Bijou had worked almost exclusively within the approach variously labelled as the functional analysis of behavior, the experimental analysis of behavior, operant conditioning, or Skinnerian psychology. From his point of view, it seems clear, the first of these labels was the correct one. It was the principle of objective, direct, observable analysis that attracted him.
Download or read book Behavior Analysis written by Henry S. Roane and published by Guilford Publications. This book was released on 2024-01-26 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Throughout this text, many of the research paradigms and methodologies across experimental analysis of behavior (EAB) and applied behavior analysis (ABA) are presented within the "bench-to-bedside" approach of translational research described by the National Institutes of Health. The first few chapters of the text introduce underlying core tenets of behaviorism as well as core characteristics and methods that define the field of behavior analysis. The next several chapters of the book introduce the reader to some of the foundational principles of behavior analysis, with coverage from both the EAB and ABA perspectives. The final chapters of the book cover topics for which there has been ample basic, applied, and translational research conducted. The text concludes with a chapter on ethics, which includes content related to ethical issues in research, ethical issues in clinical practice, and the ethical use of nonhuman animals and special populations in research"--
Download or read book Human Operant Conditioning and Behavior Modification written by Graham Davey and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1988 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the reader with an insight into recent developments in the theory and application of operant conditioning with people. The main aim of the contributions to this book is to convey some of these developments and to suggest new directions for future work - both in the theoretical and applied aspects of operant analysis with humans. Specifically, the contributors cover the following ground: (i) a look at future trends in operant theory and applied behaviour analysis, (ii) a detailed discussion of the role of animal and laboratory- based operant performance, (iii) the role of operant analyses in understanding human psychological phenomena and (iv) direct quantitative analyses of human operant performance. This volume is not so much a comprehensive review and summary of recent developments in human behaviour analysis, but rather a critique and source of ideas, and new techniques, for all psychologists using applied behaviour analysis methods.
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The American Journal of Psychology written by Granville Stanley Hall and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 750 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning written by Norbert M. Seel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-05 with total page 3643 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past century, educational psychologists and researchers have posited many theories to explain how individuals learn, i.e. how they acquire, organize and deploy knowledge and skills. The 20th century can be considered the century of psychology on learning and related fields of interest (such as motivation, cognition, metacognition etc.) and it is fascinating to see the various mainstreams of learning, remembered and forgotten over the 20th century and note that basic assumptions of early theories survived several paradigm shifts of psychology and epistemology. Beyond folk psychology and its naïve theories of learning, psychological learning theories can be grouped into some basic categories, such as behaviorist learning theories, connectionist learning theories, cognitive learning theories, constructivist learning theories, and social learning theories. Learning theories are not limited to psychology and related fields of interest but rather we can find the topic of learning in various disciplines, such as philosophy and epistemology, education, information science, biology, and – as a result of the emergence of computer technologies – especially also in the field of computer sciences and artificial intelligence. As a consequence, machine learning struck a chord in the 1980s and became an important field of the learning sciences in general. As the learning sciences became more specialized and complex, the various fields of interest were widely spread and separated from each other; as a consequence, even presently, there is no comprehensive overview of the sciences of learning or the central theoretical concepts and vocabulary on which researchers rely. The Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning provides an up-to-date, broad and authoritative coverage of the specific terms mostly used in the sciences of learning and its related fields, including relevant areas of instruction, pedagogy, cognitive sciences, and especially machine learning and knowledge engineering. This modern compendium will be an indispensable source of information for scientists, educators, engineers, and technical staff active in all fields of learning. More specifically, the Encyclopedia provides fast access to the most relevant theoretical terms provides up-to-date, broad and authoritative coverage of the most important theories within the various fields of the learning sciences and adjacent sciences and communication technologies; supplies clear and precise explanations of the theoretical terms, cross-references to related entries and up-to-date references to important research and publications. The Encyclopedia also contains biographical entries of individuals who have substantially contributed to the sciences of learning; the entries are written by a distinguished panel of researchers in the various fields of the learning sciences.
Download or read book Handbook of Neurological Rehabilitation written by Richard J. Greenwood and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2005-08-16 with total page 1874 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Changes in the focus of neurological practice worldwide have led to the need for new standard texts that reflect the current state of this expanding area of clinical expertise. The second edition of the Handbook of Neurological Rehabilitation is a major reference source that fulfils this need, providing an invaluable resource for all professions that work with patients suffering from neurological disorders. It brings restorative neurology to the bedside and shows how a reiterative, goal-oriented, problem-solving training programme can benefit patients, sometimes on a scale not achieved by pharmacological or surgical interventions. The book is divided into three sections all of which have been updated. Section One explores the clinical and biological principles underpinning rehabilitation practice in the context of neurological disablement. Section Two describes the assessment, treatment, and management of the major physical, cognitive and behavioural impairments, and the resulting functional deficits that may follow or accompany neurological disease. The final section explores in more detail these problems and their management in relation to the more common specific disorders of the nervous system. The text emphasises the fact that rehabilitation is an ongoing process involving multidisciplinary problem-solving, goal-setting and education; in which organised care is more effective than unorganised care; and the breakdown of professional barriers within rehabilitation, to facilitate the use of combined treatment techniques, improves outcome. It describes the contribution made by neural reorganisation and compensatory mechanisms to recovery of function, focuses on the avoidance of secondary deficit, and explores the physical, cognitive, affective and behavioural problems that may occur after neurological damage. At a time when new medical technologies threaten to fragment the integrity of medical care at individual and societal levels, it is crucial that all those involved in the management of chronic neurological disease have a working knowledge of the contents of this book. Their perspective on clinical practice will then be truly integrated and holistic and their patients will benefit accordingly.
Download or read book Adaptive Behavior and Learning written by J. E. R. Staddon and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-03-10 with total page 619 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Summarizes the current state of both theoretical and experimental knowledge about learning in animals.
Download or read book Learning written by Stephen B. Klein and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2018-06-13 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learning: Principles and Applications by Stephen B. Klein provides students a current, comprehensive, and engaging introduction to the psychology of learning. Praised for its easy-to-read style and presentation of important contributions of both human and nonhuman animal research, the text helps readers understand the process of learning with coverage of classic experiments, contemporary research, real-world examples, applications, chapter-opening vignettes, and critical thinking questions. The Eighth Edition features expanded sections on theories of conditioning, a streamlined organization through two separate chapters on memory storage and retrieval, and enhanced pedagogy to better connect the material to the everyday lives of students.
Download or read book Frustration Theory written by Abram Amsel and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1992-07-31 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We live in a world in which inconsistency is the rule rather than the exception and this is particularly true for rewards and frustrations. In some cases, rewards and frustrative non-rewards appear randomly for what seems to be the same behaviour; in others a sequence of rewards is suddenly followed by non-rewards, or large rewards by small rewards. The important common factor in these and other cases is frustration - how we learn about it and how we respond to it. This book provides a basis in learning theory and particularly in frustration theory, for a comprehension not only of the mechanisms controlling these dispositions, but also of their order of appearance in early development and, to an approximation at least, their neural underpinnings.
Download or read book Progress in Psychobiology and Physiological Psychology written by James M. Sprague and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Progress in Psychobiology and Physiological Psychology, Volume 10 reviews progress in the fields of psychobiology and physiological psychology, with emphasis on the anatomy and function of the brain in terms of behavior expressed by the organism. Topics covered include neuronal plasticity maintained by the central norepinephrine system in the visual cortex of the cat; pain sensation in primates; and classical conditioning in the rabbit. Comprised of four chapters, this volume begins with a discussion on the elegant body of research relating the norepinephrine system of the brain and plasticity in the developing visual cortex. The next chapter offers a critical and insightful account of pain sensations and responses in monkeys and humans, the effect of morphine on them, and the neural pathways in the spinal cord mediating them. The third chapter investigates the neural basis of the nictitating membrane response (NMR) electrophysiologically, recording from a number of brain sites. It shows that the memory trace for this conditioned response is localized in the cerebellum. The final chapter is devoted to the principles and methods of classical conditioning, centered on the NMR in the rabbit. Conditioning is analyzed within a broad experimental and theoretical context. This book should be of interest to biologists, psychologists, and physiologists.
Download or read book Behavior Analysis and Learning written by W. David Pierce and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-08-21 with total page 605 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Behavior Analysis and Learning, Fifth Edition is an essential textbook covering the basic principles in the field of behavior analysis and learned behaviors, as pioneered by B. F. Skinner. The textbook provides an advanced introduction to operant conditioning from a very consistent Skinnerian perspective. It covers a range of principles from basic respondent and operant conditioning through applied behavior analysis into cultural design. Elaborating on Darwinian components and biological connections with behavior, the book treats the topic from a consistent worldview of selectionism. The functional relations between the organism and the environment are described, and their application in accounting for old behavior and generating new behavior is illustrated. Expanding on concepts of past editions, the fifth edition provides updated coverage of recent literature and the latest findings. There is increased inclusion of biological and neuroscience material, as well as more data correlating behavior with neurological and genetic factors. The chapter on verbal behavior is expanded to include new research on stimulus equivalence and naming; there is also a more detailed and updated analysis of learning by imitation and its possible links to mirror neurons. In the chapter on applied behavior analysis (ABA), new emphasis is given to contingency management of addiction, applications to education, ABA and autism, and prevention and treatment of health-related problems. The material presented in this book provides the reader with the best available foundation in behavior science and is a valuable resource for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in psychology or other behavior-based disciplines. In addition, a website of supplemental resources for instructors and students makes this new edition even more accessible and student-friendly (www.psypress.com/u/pierce).
