Download or read book The Effects of Changes in Family Composition and Employment Patterns on the Distribution of Income in Australia written by David Johnson and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The War Between the State and the Family written by Patricia Morgan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-28 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Patricia Morgan's core assumption is that the family is an extremely effective vehicle for raising the welfare of its members. If this is correct it is quite possible that the state can best support the family by doing very little--by not taxing the family heavily and by minimizing the subsidization of those who choose alternatives to financially self-sustaining family life. At one level, Morgan argues, the family can be seen as a unit within which there occurs enormous transfer of economic resources between husband and wife, parents and children, and, on a wider scale, within extended families. The family is the most important vehicle of welfare and the welfare vehicle of first resort. Within the family many services are provided by family members to each other, rarely for direct personal benefit. Basic economic analysis, Morgan asserts, suggests that the family could be seriously undermined if the state provided significant support for dependents who are not brought up within self-sustaining family units, and if it also provided services, such as childcare, that are generally provided within families. This work shows that this is precisely what has happened in the last twenty-five years. The driving force of significantly reduced family formation is not economic but social. Perhaps social changes have led to a desire by individuals to bring up children in family circumstances different from those of a generation or two ago, but evidence does not support this hypothesis. Rather, tax and benefit systems seem to be important determinants of family structure worldwide. Patricia Morgan does not simply analyze the problem, she also suggests policy solutions. The author argues that divorce laws should be reformed to ensure that those who make commitments are held financially responsible. The author's argument is compelling because it is backed up with strong evidence and is argued from an unemotional economic perspective--individuals within families are rational agents who respond to incentives.
Download or read book Income Inequality written by Janet C. Gornick and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2014-08-01 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This state-of-the-art volume presents comparative, empirical research on a topic that has long preoccupied scholars, politicians, and everyday citizens: economic inequality. While income and wealth inequality across all populations is the primary focus, the contributions to this book pay special attention to the middle class, a segment often not addressed in inequality literature. Written by leading scholars in the field of economic inequality, all 17 chapters draw on microdata from the databases of LIS, an esteemed cross-national data center based in Luxembourg. Using LIS data to structure a comparative approach, the contributors paint a complex portrait of inequality across affluent countries at the beginning of the 21st century. The volume also trail-blazes new research into inequality in countries newly entering the LIS databases, including Japan, Iceland, India, and South Africa.
Download or read book Inequality Beyond Globalization written by Christian Suter and published by LIT Verlag Münster. This book was released on 2010 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume debates the complex nature of the relationships between globalization, social and economic transformations and growing inequalities. Employing a global, world-historical and comparative perspective, the 16 articles brought together in this volume deal with three central questions: Firstly, the question of the spatio-temporal evolution and variations of growing inequalities, secondly, the relative importance of globalization as compared to other factors explaining growing inequalities and, thirdly, institutional variations of inequality dynamics and globalization impacts. Christian Suter is Professor of Economic Sociology at the University of NeuchÃ?Â[tel and President of the World Society Foundation, domiciled at the University of Zurich, Switzerland.
Download or read book Population Politics written by Mike Dixon and published by Institute for Public Policy Research. This book was released on 2006 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Europe's demographic trends are reshaping its social landscape and the life-chances of its citizens. Britain's politicians need to pay heed and plan, say Mike Dixon & Julia Margo of the Institute of Public Policy Research.
Download or read book The Causes of Changes in the Distribution of Family Income in Australia 1982 to 1997 98 written by David Johnson and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This paper examines income and expenditure distributions over recent decades using unit record data from Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) income and expenditure surveys. The results show that there was a significant increase in private income inequality over the 1980s and 1990s. However, the increase in dispersion for disposable income was modest, implying taxes and transfers acted to mitigate the increases in inequality emanating from changes in private income. Changes in the distribution of work across families-for example, an increase in both two-earner families and no-earner families-were the single most important source of the increase in private income inequality."--Publisher website.
Download or read book Changing Patterns in the Distribution of Economic Welfare written by Peter Gottschalk and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1997-09-29 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 1997 book examines the income distributional experience of fifteen developed economies - representing a wide range of social and economic strategies - over the past two decades. Experts from each of the countries have carefully documented the pattern of distributional change in individual earnings and household income in their countries and analysed the driving forces behind these changes. Separate chapters are devoted to the experiences of Australia, Canada, the Czech Republic, Finland, France, West and former East Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Israel, Japan, the Netherlands, Sweden, the United Kingdom and the United States. The authors examine the effects on the inequality of household income of the development of individual earnings, unemployment, inflation, public sector transfers and taxes, and demographic changes.
Download or read book Income Distribution in Australia written by Ross Clare and published by AGPS. This book was released on 1995 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Economic Papers written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Income Distribution written by Anthony B. Atkinson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-12-30 with total page 2370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What new theories, evidence, explanations, and policies have shaped our studies of income distribution in the 21st century? Editors Tony Atkinson and Francois Bourguignon assemble the expertise of leading authorities in this survey of substantive issues. In two volumes they address subjects that were not covered in Volume 1 (2000), such as education, health and experimental economics; and subjects that were covered but where there have been substantial new developments, such as the historical study of income inequality and globalization. Some chapters discuss future growth areas, such as inheritance, the links between inequality and macro-economics and finance, and the distributional implications of climate change. They also update empirical advances and major changes in the policy environment. - The volumes define and organize key areas of income distribution studies - Contributors focus on identifying newly developing questions and opportunities for future research - The authoritative articles emphasize the ways that income mobility and inequality studies have recently gained greater political significance
Download or read book Growing Unequal Income Distribution and Poverty in OECD Countries written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2008-10-21 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides evidence of a fairly generalised increase in income inequality over the past two decades across OECD countries, but the timing, intensity and causes of the increase differ from what is typically suggested in the media.
Download or read book Poverty Inequality and Social Welfare in Australia written by David T. Johnson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Poverty, inequality and social welfare are defined in this book. Previous poverty studies are surveyed and a new index of poverty is developed based on everyday meanings, and stressing the individual and relative nature of poverty. Previous definitions of inequality and welfare are described and the relations between them and poverty are explored. New estimates of poverty are made for Australia. Conclusions are derived from comparisons between measured levels of poverty over time and across family types. Previous Australian studies of inequality and welfare are surveyed and new estimates are made for Australia for recent years.
Download or read book Studies in the Distribution of Income written by Paul Ryscavage and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reshaping the Labour Market written by Sue Richardson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1999-12-06 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The outcomes of the labour market were the major economic and social problems of OECD countries. Inflation virtually disappeared, material standards of living on average were high, but 35 million people remained unemployed, inequality of earnings was rising and the establishment of regular employment was increasingly difficult for young people. In this 2000 book, a team of leading economists take Australia as a case study in which to examine whether regulation of the labour market assists or detracts from the achievement of desirable labour market outcomes. Attention is focused especially on the provision of adequate incomes and jobs for low-skilled workers, because this is the area in which labour markets around the world, including Australia, have failed most seriously in the past.
Download or read book Warmth Of The Welcome written by Jeffrey G Reitz and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-05-04 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines how the economic performance of immigrants is shaped by national and urban social institutions. In the United States, particularly in the high-immigration cities, most immigrant-origin groups have significantly lower earnings than do their counterparts in Canadian or Australian cities. Immigration policy is not a factor, however; in fact U.S. immigrants?in particular origin groups?are not less skilled. American institutions, including education, labor market structures, and social welfare, all reflect greater individualism and all contribute to the potential for inequality. Resulting higher poverty rates for America's immigrants explains their more extensive use of its weaker welfare system. Jeffrey Reitz's social institutional approach projects the impact of institutional restructuring?past and future?on the economic performance of immigrants in these countries.
Download or read book Changing Family Composition and Income Differentials written by Gordon W. Green and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Analyzing Redistribution Policies written by Nanak Kakwani and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1986-06-27 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Develops techniques to analyze the income inequality and welfare and measure the direct impact of taxes and government cash transfers on the distribution of income. Also reveals the effects of current government programs on the welfare of particular groups in the community.
