Download or read book The Effect of Oxygenate Molecular Structure on Soot Production in Direct injection Diesel Engines written by William J. Pitz and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A combined experimental and kinetic modeling study of soot formation in diesel engine combustion has been used to study the addition of oxygenated species to diesel fuel to reduce soot emissions. This work indicates that the primary role of oxygen atoms in the fuel mixture is to reduce the levels of carbon atoms available for soot formation by fixing them in the form of CO or COz. When the structure of the oxygenate leads to prompt and direct formation of CO2, the oxygenate is less effective in reducing soot production than in cases when all fuel-bound 0 atoms produce only CO. The kinetic and molecular structure principles leading to this conclusion are described.
Download or read book Effects of Oxygenated Fuels on Direct Injection Diesel Combustion and Emissions written by Brian Eric Hallgren and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Fuel Molecular Structure and Composition on Soot Formation in Direct injection Spray Flames written by Kenth Ingemar Svensson and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extinction and two-color soot measurement results were compared. The two-color KL values were seen to level off at around 0.5, but continue to increase monotonically as soot increased. The broad band method is therefore not good for absolute soot measurements. Natural luminosity measurements were sensitive to the first appearance of soot, but were non-linear.
Download or read book A Chemical Kinetic Modeling Study of the Effects of Oxygenated Hydrocarbons on Soot Emissions from Diesel Engines written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A detailed chemical kinetic modeling approach is used to examine the phenomenon of suppression of sooting in diesel engines by addition of oxygenated hydrocarbon species to the fuel. This suppression, which has been observed experimentally for a few years, is explained kinetically as a reduction in concentrations of soot precursors present in the hot products of a fuel-rich diesel ignition zone when oxygenates are included. Oxygenates decrease the overall equivalence ratio of the igniting mixture, producing higher ignition temperatures and more radical species to consume more soot precursor species, leading to lower soot production. The kinetic model is also used to show how different oxygenates, ester structures in particular, can have different soot-suppression efficiencies due to differences in molecular structure of the oxygenated species.
Download or read book Effects of Oxygenates Blended with Diesel Fuel on Particulate Matter Emissions from a Compression ignition Engine written by Adelbert Su-Tseh Cheng and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Combustion Emission Formation Process in Diesel Engines written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Diesel Fuel Combustion modifier Additives on In cylinder Soot Formation in a Heavy duty Dl Diesel Engine written by Mark P. Musculus and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on a phenomenological model of diesel combustion and pollutant-formation processes, a number of fuel additives that could potentially reduce in-cylinder soot formation by altering combustion chemistry have been identified. These fuel additives, or ''combustion modifiers'', included ethanol and ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, polyethylene glycol dinitrate (a cetane improver), succinimide (a dispersant), as well as nitromethane and another nitro-compound mixture. To better understand the chemical and physical mechanisms by which these combustion modifiers may affect soot formation in diesel engines, in-cylinder soot and diffusion flame lift-off were measured, using an optically-accessible, heavy-duty, direct-injection diesel engine. A line-of-sight laser extinction diagnostic was employed to measure the relative soot concentration within the diesel jets (''jetsoot'') as well as the rates of deposition of soot on the piston bowl-rim (''wall-soot''). An OH chemiluminescence imaging technique was utilized to measure the lift-off lengths of the diesel diffusion flames so that fresh oxygen entrainment rates could be compared among the fuels. Measurements were obtained at two operating conditions, using blends of a base commercial diesel fuel with various combinations of the fuel additives. The ethanol additive, at 10% by mass, reduced jet-soot by up to 15%, and reduced wall-soot by 30-40%. The other fuel additives also affected in-cylinder soot, but unlike the ethanol blends, changes in in-cylinder soot could be attributed solely to differences in the ignition delay. No statistically-significant differences in the diesel flame lift-off lengths were observed among any of the fuel additive formulations at the operating conditions examined in this study. Accordingly, the observed differences in in-cylinder soot among the fuel formulations cannot be attributed to differences in fresh oxygen entrainment upstream of the soot-formation zones after ignition.
Download or read book Using Carbon 14 Isotope Tracing to Investigate Molecular Structure Effects of the Oxygenate Dibutyl Maleate on Soot Emissions from a DI Diesel Engine written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effect of oxygenate molecular structure on soot emissions from a DI diesel engine was examined using carbon-14 (14C) isotope tracing. Carbon atoms in three distinct chemical structures within the diesel oxygenate dibutyl maleate (DBM) were labeled with 14C. The 14C from the labeled DBM was then detected in engine-out particulate matter (PM), in-cylinder deposits, and CO2 emissions using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). The results indicate that molecular structure plays an important role in determining whether a specific carbon atom either does or does not form soot. Chemical-kinetic modeling results indicate that structures that produce CO2 directly from the fuel are less effective at reducing soot than structures that produce CO before producing CO2. Because they can follow individual carbon atoms through a real combustion process, 14C isotope tracing studies help strengthen the connection between actual engine emissions and chemical-kinetic models of combustion and soot formation/oxidation processes.
Download or read book Diesel Particulate Filter Technology written by Timothy V Johnson and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2007-03-28 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Until recently, the complexity of the Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) system has hindered its commercial success. Stringent regulations of diesel emissions has lead to advancements in this technology, therefore mainstreaming the use of DPFs in light- and heavy-duty diesel filtration applications. This book covers the latest and most important research in DPF systems, focusing mainly on the advancements of the years 2002-2006. Editor Timothy V. Johnson selected the top 29 SAE papers covering the most significant research in this technology.
Download or read book Engine Modeling and Simulation written by Avinash Kumar Agarwal and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-16 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the simulation and modeling of internal combustion engines. The contents include various aspects of diesel and gasoline engine modeling and simulation such as spray, combustion, ignition, in-cylinder phenomena, emissions, exhaust heat recovery. It also explored engine models and analysis of cylinder bore piston stresses and temperature effects. This book includes recent literature and focuses on current modeling and simulation trends for internal combustion engines. Readers will gain knowledge about engine process simulation and modeling, helpful for the development of efficient and emission-free engines. A few chapters highlight the review of state-of-the-art models for spray, combustion, and emissions, focusing on the theory, models, and their applications from an engine point of view. This volume would be of interest to professionals, post-graduate students involved in alternative fuels, IC engines, engine modeling and simulation, and environmental research.
Download or read book New Combustion Systems in SI Diesel Engines and Combustion Emission Formation Processes in Diesel Engines written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advancement in Oxygenated Fuels for Sustainable Development written by Niraj Kumar and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-11-09 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Oxygenated Fuels for Sustainable Development: Feedstocks and Precursors for Catalysts Synthesis provides a roadmap to the sustainable implementation of oxygenated fuels in internal combustion engines through sustainable production, smart distribution and effective utilization. Focusing on the sustainability of feedstocks, the book assesses availability, emissions impact and reduction potential, and biodiversity and land utilization impact. Existing technologies and supply chains are reviewed, and recommendations are provided on how to sustainably implement or update these technologies, including for rural communities. Furthermore, effective supply and distribution network designs are provided alongside methods for monitoring and assessing their sustainability, accounting for social, economic, environmental and ecological factors. This book guides readers through every aspect of the production and commercialization of sustainable oxygenated fuels for internal combustion engines and their implementation across the global transport industry. Provides multilevel perspectives on how to facilitate the sustainable production of oxygenated fuel and develop new indices for measuring the effectiveness and sustainability of implementation Recommends a framework and criteria for assessing the suitability, sustainability, and environmental benefits of oxygenated biofuels Describes the fuel properties of all oxygenated fuels and their performance in unmodified and enhanced CI and SI engines
Download or read book Statistics in Plain English written by Timothy C. Urdan and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is meant to be a supplement to a more detailed statistics textbook, such as that recommended for a statistics course in the social sciences. Also, as a reference book to refresh your memory about statistical concepts.
Download or read book Soot Formation in Combustion written by Henning Bockhorn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-08 with total page 595 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soot Formation in Combustion represents an up-to-date overview. The contributions trace back to the 1991 Heidelberg symposium entitled "Mechanism and Models of Soot Formation" and have all been reedited by Prof. Bockhorn in close contact with the original authors. The book gives an easy introduction to the field for newcomers, and provides detailed treatments for the specialists. The following list of contents illustrates the topics under review:
Download or read book The Spectroscopy of Flames written by A. Gaydon and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Diesel Combustion and Emissions written by Society of Automotive Engineers and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book SAE Technical Paper Series written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
