Download or read book The Power of Human Imagination written by Jerome L. Singer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For at least half of the twentieth century, psychology and the other mental health professions all but ignored the significant adaptive pos sibilities of the human gift of imagery. Our capacity seemingly to duplicate sights, sounds, and other sensory experiences through some form of central brain process continues to remain a mysterious, alma st miraculous skill. Because imagery is so much a private experience, experimental psychologists found it hard to measure and turned their attentian to observable behaviors that could easily be studied in ani maIs as well as in humans. Psychoanalysts and others working with the emotionally disturbed continued to take imagery informatian se riously in the form of dream reports, transferenee fantasies, and as indications of hallucinations or delusions. On the whole, however, they emphasized the maladaptive aspects of the phenomena, the dis tortions and defensiveness or the "regressive" qualities of daydreams and sequences of images. The present volume grows out of a long series of investigations by the senior author that have suggested that daydreaming and the stream of consciousness are not simply manifestations in adult life of persist ing phenomena of childhood. Rather, the data suggest that imagery sequences represent a major system of encoding and transforming information, a basic human capacity that is inevitably part of the brain's storage process and one that has enormous potential for adap tive utility. A companian volume, The Stream of Consciousness, edited by Kenneth S. Pope and Jerome L.

Download or read book The Social Influence of Similar Dissimilar and Multiple Models on Preference Formation written by Clayton John Hilmert and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Handbook of Research on Learning and Instruction written by Richard E. Mayer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-10-04 with total page 786 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past 30 years, researchers have made exciting progress in the science of learning (i.e., how people learn) and the science of instruction (i.e., how to help people learn). This second edition of the Handbook of Research on Learning and Instruction is intended to provide an overview of these research advances. With chapters written by leading researchers from around the world, this volume examines learning and instruction in a variety of learning environments including in classrooms and out of classrooms, and with a variety of learners including K-16 students and adult learners. Contributors to this volume demonstrate how and why educational practice should be guided by research evidence concerning what works in instruction. The Handbook is written at a level that is appropriate for graduate students, researchers, and practitioners interested in an evidence-based approach to learning and instruction. The book is divided into two sections: learning and instruction. The learning section consists of chapters on how people learn in reading, writing, mathematics, science, history, second language, and physical education, as well as how people acquire the knowledge and processes required for critical thinking, studying, self-regulation, and motivation. The instruction section consists of chapters on effective instructional methods—feedback, examples, questioning, tutoring, visualizations, simulations, inquiry, discussion, collaboration, peer modeling, and adaptive instruction. Each chapter in this second edition of the Handbook has been thoroughly revised to integrate recent advances in the field of educational psychology. Two chapters have been added to reflect advances in both helping students develop learning strategies and using technology to individualize instruction. As with the first edition, this updated volume showcases the best research being done on learning and instruction by traversing a broad array of academic domains, learning constructs, and instructional methods.

Download or read book Advances in Cognitive Behavioral Research and Therapy written by Philip C. Kendall and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Cognitive–Behavioral Research and Therapy, Volume 3 provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects of cognitive–behavioral approaches to psychotherapy. This book presents the developments in the study of cognition, personality, learning, development, social interaction, and behavior therapy. Organized into six chapters, this volume begins with an overview of attributional processes in dyadic relationships with emphasis on therapeutic and theoretical aspects. This text then examines the advanced methodology of multidimensional scaling. Other chapters consider the application of cognitive–behavioral interventions in educational settings. This book discusses as well the social cognitive processes and effective social behavior, which are linked within a theoretically rich and empirically supported systems model. The final chapter deals with the rational–emotive theoretical position to the area of childhood problems. This book is a valuable resource for research and applied psychologists. Researchers and clinicians struggling with the interplay of behavior, cognition, and emotion will also find this book useful.

Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Motivation and Learning written by K. Ann Renninger and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-02-14 with total page 1172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by leading researchers in educational and social psychology, learning science, and neuroscience, this edited volume is suitable for a wide-academic readership. It gives definitions of key terms related to motivation and learning alongside developed explanations of significant findings in the field. It also presents cohesive descriptions concerning how motivation relates to learning, and produces a novel and insightful combination of issues and findings from studies of motivation and/or learning across the authors' collective range of scientific fields. The authors provide a variety of perspectives on motivational constructs and their measurement, which can be used by multiple and distinct scientific communities, both basic and applied.

Download or read book Recent Practice and Theory written by Milton Wolpin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume are papers selected from the 1982 Annual Confer ence of the American Association for the Study of Mental Imagery, as well as several others that were later invited. This conference, a yearly one, was held at the University of Southern California. Participants and invited speakers come from around the country and present current material on the status of theory, research and practice involving imagery. These conferences began in 1979 and typically have attracted two hundred or more persons. In the opening paper by Paul Bakan we have a discussion of imagery from an historical perspective. He traces the various attitudes toward imagery starting with biblical times and argues that the behaviorist revolution and its antagonism towards imagery were likely reflective of more than a negative ·attitude toward imagery as a consequence of its being associated with consciousness and mental istic concepts. We have apparently been ambivalent towards imagery over the millenia. He closes with some suggestions of how we may more happily resolve this situation.

Download or read book A Comparison of Two Approaches of Symbolic Modeling and Self Efficacy written by Roy Hamilton and published by Universal-Publishers. This book was released on 1999-10 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effect of video and written modeling on self-efficacy of 70 master's degree students enrolled in their first techniques course was investigated. The ability to understand and use reflection of content, feeling, and meaning was presented to the experimental group through videotaped instruction and examples and the control group through written instruction and examples. Facts about reflecting skills, which included information and three vignettes, demonstrated the use of the skills. Through two pilot studies, the Reflecting Skills Questionnaire (RSQ) developed for this study showed convergent validity with the Counseling Self-Estimate Inventory (COSE). Participants' indication of self-efficacy for the reflection of content, feeling, and meaning was assessed by the RSQ. A t - test was computed to determine whether video or written treatment had an effect on the self efficacy of counselors in training. Using a two-tailed t - test for independent groups, no significant difference (p > .05) was found.

Download or read book The SAGE Encyclopedia of Abnormal and Clinical Psychology written by Amy Wenzel and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2017-03-16 with total page 9359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abnormal and clinical psychology courses are offered in psychology programs at universities worldwide, but the most recent major encyclopedia on the topic was published many years ago. Although general psychology handbooks and encyclopedias include essays on abnormal and clinical psychology, such works do not provide students with an accessible reference for understanding the full scope of the field. The SAGE Encyclopedia of Abnormal and Clinical Psychology, a 7-volume, A-Z work (print and electronic formats), will be such an authoritative work. Its more than 1,400 entries will provide information on fundamental approaches and theories, various mental health disorders, assessment tools and psychotherapeutic interventions, and the social, legal, and cultural frameworks that have contributed to debates in abnormal and clinical psychology. Key features include: 1,400 signed articles contained in 7 volumes and available in choice of print and/or electronic formats although organized A-to-Z, front matter includes a Reader’s Guide grouping related entries thematically back matter includes a Chronology, Resource Guide, Bibliography, and detailed Index entries conclude with References/Further Readings and Cross References to related entries the Index, Reader’s Guide themes, and Cross References between and among entries all combine to provide robust search-and-browse features in the electronic version.

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Human Motivation written by Richard M. Ryan and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-12-15 with total page 1805 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Motivation is that which moves us to action. Human motivation is thus a complex issue, as people are moved to action by both their evolved natures and by myriad familial, social and cultural influences. The Oxford Handbook of Human Motivation collects the top theorists and researchers of human motivation into a single volume, capturing the current state-of-the-art in this fast developing field. The book includes theoretical overviews from some of the best-known thinkers in this area, including chapters on Social Learning Theory, Control Theory, Self-determination theory, Terror Management theory, and the Promotion and Prevention perspective. Topical chapters appear on phenomena such as ego-depletion, flow, curiosity, implicit motives, and personal interests. A section specifically highlights goal research, including chapters on goal regulation, achievement goals, the dynamics of choice, unconscious goals and process versus outcome focus. Still other chapters focus on evolutionary and biological underpinnings of motivation, including chapters on cardiovascular dynamics, mood, and neuropsychology. Finally, chapters bring motivation down to earth in reviewing its impact within relationships, and in applied areas such as psychotherapy, work, education, sport, and physical activity. By providing reviews of the most advanced work by the very best scholars in this field, The Oxford Handbook of Human Motivation represents an invaluable resource for both researchers and practitioners, as well as any student of human nature.

Download or read book The Utilization of Classroom Peers as Behavior Change Agents written by Phillip S. Strain and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the early 1800's, children have been taught and encouraged to function as instructional agents for their classroom peers. However, it was not until the last decade that peer-mediated intervention was studied in a rigorous, systematic fashion. The purpose of this edited volume is to provide an up-to-date and complete account of empirical research that addresses the general efficacy of classroom peers as behavior change agents. As a result of various social and legal developments, such as the passage of Public Law 94-142 and its accompanying demand for indi vidualized instruction, peer-mediated interventions seem likely to prolif erate. As I have noted elsewhere (Strain, this volume), close adherence to the principle of individualized programming has rendered obsolete the "adults only" model of classroom instruction. Whether the utilization of peers in the instructional process comes to be viewed by school personnel as a positive adjunct to daily classroom practices depends in large mea sure on our ability to carefully design, conduct, and communicate the findings of applied research. I trust that this volume will function both to accurately communicate existing findings and to stimulate further study. My colleagues who have generously contributed their time and skill to this volume have my deepest appreciation. They have performed their various tasks in a timely, professional manner and, in my opinion, have provided considerable insight into the problems and potentials of peers as instructional agents.

Download or read book Foundations of Sport and Exercise Psychology written by Robert S. Weinberg and published by Human Kinetics. This book was released on 2014-11-11 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Please note: This text was replaced with a seventh edition. This version is available only for courses using the sixth edition and will be discontinued at the end of the semester. As the leading text in sport and exercise psychology, Foundations of Sport and Exercise Psychology, Sixth Edition With Web Study Guide, provides a thorough introduction to key concepts in the field. This text offers both students and new practitioners a comprehensive view of sport and exercise psychology, drawing connections between research and practice and capturing the excitement of the world of sport and exercise. The internationally respected authors have incorporated feedback from teachers and students to create a text that builds on previous editions, making the material accessible to readers. In-depth learning aids have been refreshed, including chapter objectives and summaries, sidebars, key terms, key points, anecdotes, and discussion questions to help students think more critically about applying the material. Other updates to the sixth edition include the following: • More than 40 new video clips integrated into the web study guide to better demonstrate the core concepts addressed in the book • Additional emphasis on hot topics, including mindfulness, cultural diversity, ethics and professional issues, and transitions in sport • New ancillaries to help instructors teach their courses, including an image bank, chapter quizzes, and more than 122 instructor videos • Updated references, including more contemporary sources The text provides students with a unique learning experience—taking them on a journey through the origins and goals, key concepts, research development, and career options available in the field—in seven parts that may be studied in any sequence. Following an introduction to the field, the text then shifts focus to personal factors that affect performance and psychological development in sport, physical education, and exercise settings. Situational factors that influence behavior, group interaction and processes, and the use of psychological techniques to help people perform more effectively are covered, as well as the roles psychological factors play in health and exercise. The final section deals with topics of psychological development and well-being that are important to both society and sport and exercise psychology, including children’s psychological development through sport participation, aggression in sport, and moral development and good sporting behavior in sport and physical activity contexts. The updated web study guide serves as an important learning tool to support the educational journey. With more than 100 engaging activities, it works directly with the text in guiding students to complete the related activities for each chapter and apply knowledge gained from the text. The study guide activities require students to do the following: • Use actual sport and exercise psychology instruments to assess their skills. • Determine how to respond to real-life scenarios (with short answers or essays). • Review research studies and experiments. • Search the Internet for relevant information. • Apply and test their understanding of principles and concepts of sport and exercise psychology. Many of the study guide activities offer compelling audio and video clips that provide an interactive look at how sport psychology consultants communicate with athletes and coaches to improve athletic experiences. These clips feature esteemed experts from the field discussing course concepts that they have studied and refined during their professional careers. To further emphasize practical application, portfolio activities can be integrated through a full semester, turning course units into a unified whole that builds upon itself for greater understanding of the field. To aid instructors, instructor ancillaries have been updated and expanded. The instructor guide, test package, and presentation package are now supplemented with an image bank, gradable chapter quizzes, and instructor videos, all available at www.HumanKinetics.com/FoundationsOfSportAndExercisePsychology. The updated sixth edition of Foundations of Sport and Exercise Psychology continues to ensure that students are well equipped to enter the field of sport psychology and are prepared for the challenges they may encounter as well as the possibilities. This text offers an enhanced and varied learning package to assist students in understanding the sport psychology field.

Download or read book Performance Psychology written by Markus Raab and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-09-24 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book integrates findings from across domains in performance psychology to focus on core research on what influences peak and non-peak performance. The book explores basic and applied research identifying cognition-action interactions, perception-cognition interactions, emotion-cognition interactions, and perception-action interactions. The book explores performance in sports, music, and the arts both for individuals and teams/groups, looking at the influence of cognition, perception, personality, motivation and drive, attention, stress, coaching, and age. This comprehensive work includes contributions from the US, UK, Canada, Germany, and Australia. - Integrates research findings found across domains in performance psychology - Includes research from sports, music, the arts, and other applied settings - Identifies conflicts between cognition, action, perception, and emotion - Explores influences on both individual and group/team performance - Investigates what impacts peak performance and error production

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Human Motivation written by Richard Ryan and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-07-15 with total page 561 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of human motivation has been undergoing a revolutionary shift in the 21st century. What new philosophical assumptions, motivational models, and empirical evidence have emerged? What does this look like in theory and in application? The Oxford Handbook of Human Motivation, Second Edition addresses these key advances made in the field since the previous edition, offering the latest insights from the top theorists and researchers of human motivation. The volume includes chapters on social learning theory, control theory, self-determination theory, terror management theory, and regulatory focus theory, while also presenting articles from leading scholars on phenomena such as ego-depletion, choice, curiosity, flow, implicit motives, and personal interests. A special section dedicated to goal research highlights achievement goals, goal attainment, goal pursuit and unconscious goals, and the goal orientation process across adulthood. This Handbook also provides practical research and guidance with sections on relationships and applications in areas such as psychotherapy, education, physical activity, sport, and work. By providing reviews of the most advanced work by the very best scholars in this field, The Oxford Handbook of Human Motivation, Second Edition represents an invaluable resource for both researchers and practitioners, as well as any student of human nature.

Download or read book Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases Research Track written by Danai Koutra and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-09-16 with total page 758 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The multi-volume set LNAI 14169 until 14175 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the European Conference on Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases, ECML PKDD 2023, which took place in Turin, Italy, in September 2023. The 196 papers were selected from the 829 submissions for the Research Track, and 58 papers were selected from the 239 submissions for the Applied Data Science Track. The volumes are organized in topical sections as follows: Part I: Active Learning; Adversarial Machine Learning; Anomaly Detection; Applications; Bayesian Methods; Causality; Clustering. Part II: ​Computer Vision; Deep Learning; Fairness; Federated Learning; Few-shot learning; Generative Models; Graph Contrastive Learning. Part III: ​Graph Neural Networks; Graphs; Interpretability; Knowledge Graphs; Large-scale Learning. Part IV: ​Natural Language Processing; Neuro/Symbolic Learning; Optimization; Recommender Systems; Reinforcement Learning; Representation Learning. Part V: ​Robustness; Time Series; Transfer and Multitask Learning. Part VI: ​Applied Machine Learning; Computational Social Sciences; Finance; Hardware and Systems; Healthcare & Bioinformatics; Human-Computer Interaction; Recommendation and Information Retrieval. ​Part VII: Sustainability, Climate, and Environment.- Transportation & Urban Planning.- Demo.

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Sport and Performance Psychology written by Shane Murphy and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-08-16 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Handbook of Sport and Performance Psychology includes the latest research and applied perspectives from leaders in the field of performance psychology. Current and comprehensive, this foundational volume presents sport and performance psychology from myriad perspectives, including: - individual psychological processes in performance such as attention, imagery, superior performance intelligence, motivation, anxiety, confidence, cognition and emotion - the social psychological processes in performance including leadership, teamwork, coaching, relationships, moral behavior, and gender and cultural issues - human development issues in performance, such as the development of talent and expertise, positive youth development, the role of the family, end of involvement transitions, and both youth and masters-level sport and physical activity programs - interventions in sport and performance psychology and counseling of performers in distress including such important issues for all performers as: appearance- and performance-enhancing drug use, injuries, managing pain, eating and weight issues, burnout, and the role of physical activity in maintaining health. The chapters collected here also cover the history of sport and performance psychology; the scope and nature of the field; ethical issues in sport and performance psychology; performance psychology in the performing arts and other non-sporting fields; perfectionism and performance; the role of the performance coach and of the sport psychologist with a coach and team; supervision; and a look ahead to the future of the field.

Download or read book Multidimensional Models of Perception and Cognition written by F. Gregory Ashby and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-02-04 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mental representations of perceptual and cognitive stimuli vary on many dimensions. In addition, because of quantal fluctuations in the stimulus, spontaneous neural activity, and fluctuations in arousal and attentiveness, mental events are characterized by an inherent variability. During the last several years, a number of models and theories have been developed that explicitly assume the appropriate mental representation is both multidimensional and probabilistic. This new approach has the potential to revolutionize the study of perception and cognition in the same way that signal detection theory revolutionized the study of psychophysics. This unique volume is the first to critically survey this important new area of research.

Download or read book Vision and Goal Directed Movement written by Digby Elliott and published by Human Kinetics. This book was released on 2010-02-05 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vision and Goal-Directed Movement: Neurobehavioral Perspectives is also available as an e-book. The e-book is available at a reduced price and allows readers to highlight and take notes throughout the text. When purchased through the Human Kinetics Web site, access to the e-book is immediately granted when the order is received. To interact with the environment, an individual must code, store, and translate spatial information into the appropriate motor commands for achieving an outcome. Working from this premise, Vision and Goal-Directed Movement: Neurobehavioral Perspectives discusses how visual perception, attention, and memory are linked to the processes of movement preparation and execution. With contributions from active researchers in movement science, Vision and Goal-Directed Movement presents the latest theories on the utilization of vision in goal-directed movement control. As a resource for motor control and motor learning researchers, students, educators, and clinicians, Vision and Goal-Directed Movement offers the following: • Comprehensive coverage of current behavior-based literature on the visual control of goal-directed movement • A systematic explication of the sensory and physiological processes and systems responsible for fast, accurate, and efficient performance • A solid foundation for further study of the sensory and neural systems responsible for precise goal-directed behavior • A discussion of how current research on vision and goal-directed movement can assist in creating efficient and safe work environments Using research informed by neural imaging and magnetic brain stimulation, this text provides readers with a better understanding of the neural foundations for goal-directed movement, illustrates the flexibility of the human visuomotor system, and discusses how regulation of movements depends on the learning and developmental history of the performer. It begins by reviewing the works of R.S. Woodworth and the influence of his theories on current research. The majority of the chapters in the first section of the book take a behavioral and process-oriented approach to exploring goal-directed movement. The text then explores the sensory and neural foundations for goal-directed action, including issues related to both pursuit and saccadic eye movements as well as discussion of the specialization of various cortical systems for the regulation of movement. Especially relevant to professionals and scientists concerned with skill instruction and rehabilitation, the final part of the text provides a review of recent research on how and why limb control changes occur with practice and development. In addition, Vision and Goal-Directed Movement considers how the research presented can maximize precision, efficiency, and safety in workspace design. Vision and Goal-Directed Movement: Neurobehavioral Perspectives adds a unique offering to the literature base for motor behavior, demonstrating how advances in both behavioral and neurophysiological methods can inform theories related to the biological systems contributing to skilled performance.