Download or read book The Effect of Natural Endurance Running on Human Foot Strength written by E. Elizabeth Miller and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of this longitudinal study was to test whether sustained natural endurance running (ER) among urban runners in minimal support footwear increased foot strength reflected by changes within intrinsic plantar musculature and the longitudinal arch. Recent studies indicate that human long distance ER evolved some 2 million years ago beginning with the genus Homo (Bramble and Lieberman, 2004). Humans have the ability to sustain ER at relatively high speeds, which may have allowed human ancestors facing a changing landscape of expanding grassland to hunt effectively before the invention of projectile technology (Carrier, 1984; Bramble and Lieberman, 2004; Pontzer et al., 2010). A number of derived traits in Homo appear to be adaptations for ER, among them long hind limbs, short toes, and musculoskeletal adaptations associated with the foot's mass-spring mechanism of energy restitution (Bramble and Lieberman, 2004; Pontzer et al., 2010). Although the evolutionary anatomy of the running foot is increasingly well understood, we know less about foot strength, particularly the role of the intrinsic plantar muscles in running. Today, modern humans run long distances on such disparate substrates as the highlands of Ethiopia where runners are often barefoot and on the urban pavements of the United States where they typically run in stiff, cushioned footwear. In order to better understand the functional demands ER places on the foot's intrinsic musculature and longitudinal arch, I conducted a 12-week study of foot strength in minimally shod endurance runners. I examined the anatomical cross-sectional area and muscle volume of the plantar intrinsic musculature and the functional conformation of the longitudinal arch. Running kinematics and foot anatomy were analyzed in 33 healthy runners (18 males and 15 females) using 3D motion capture and magnetic resonance imaging. Subjects were randomly partitioned into one of two groups, a control group in standard shoes (n=16), and an experimental group transitioning from standard to minimal support shoes (~12mm to 4mm) (n=17). Participants ran a mean of 30 miles/week over the study period. The results show that while long distance runners shod in both standard and minimal running footwear increased muscle volume in the flexor digitorum brevis muscle (p= 0.03), minimally shod runners alone significantly increased muscle volume in the abductor digiti minimi (25%, p= 0.009) and reduced stiffness in the longitudinal arch (p= 0.013). The abductor in flexing the fifth digit metatarsal phalangeal joint enhances the tie-rod function (windlass mechanism) of the plantar aponeurosis. Evident in its volumetric increase, greater force production in this muscle suggests an increased reliance on longitudinal arch function among the minimal shoe runners. Study findings support predictions based on both the biomechanics of endurance running and the functional anatomy of the human foot that minimalist shoe running exploits the deformation capacity and energy-restitution system of the longitudinal arch and increases muscle mass within the intrinsic plantar group. Greater foot strength and enhanced arch flexibility associated with the habitual use of minimal shoes reflect the evolutionary capacity of the modern human foot to respond to natural style running.
Download or read book Endurance Running written by William Bridel and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-10-05 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Running is a fundamental human activity and holds an important place in popular culture. In recent decades it has exploded in popularity as a leisure pursuit, with marathons and endurance challenges exerting a strong fascination. Endurance Running is the first collection of original qualitative research to examine distance running through a socio-cultural lens, with a general objective of understanding the concept and meaning of endurance historically and in contemporary times. Adopting diverse theoretical and methodological approaches to explore topics such as historical conceptualizations of endurance, lived experiences of endurance running, and the meaning of endurance in individual lives, the book reveals how the biological, historical, psychological, and sociological converge to form contextually specific ideas about endurance running and runners. Endurance Running is an essential book for anybody researching across the entire spectrum of endurance sports and fascinating reading for anybody working in the sociology of sport or the body, cultural studies or behavioural science.
Download or read book The Long Distance Runner s Guide to Injury Prevention and Treatment written by Brian Krabak and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2017-10-03 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For any runner who loves hitting the pavement and conquering half-, full-, and ultra-marathons, getting injured is a terrifying, and often heartbreaking, setback. Yet, almost three-quarters of long distance runners will suffer from a serious injury several times in their athletic career. Although it may be impossible to completely avoid injury, The Long Distance Runner’s Guide to Injury Prevention and Treatment is a vital source to help those who love to run understand some of the most common causes of injuries, and learn how to best avoid and treat athletic ailments. In this book, expert editors and long-time runners Brian Krabak and Grant Lipman combine valuable insights, tips, and tactics from over a dozen medical professionals who specialize in treating endurance athletes. With chapters on important and diverse topics such as proper nutrition, muscular ailments, skeletal injuries, medical illnesses caused by racing and proper recovery, The Long Distance Runner’s Guide to Injury Prevention and Treatment is a must-have on the shelf of every harrier.
Download or read book Natural Born Heroes written by Christopher McDougall and published by Vintage. This book was released on 2015-04-14 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NATIONAL BESTSELLER • From the bestselling author of Born to Run comes a book that inspires us to unleash the extraordinary potential of the human body and climb, swim, skip, throw, and jump our way to heroic feats. "Redefines the heroic ideal, establishing heroism as a skill set rather than a virtue."—NPR Books Christopher McDougall’s journey begins with a story of remarkable athletic prowess: On the treacherous mountains of Crete, a motley band of World War II Resistance fighters—an artist, a shepherd, and a poet—abducted a German commander from the heart of the Axis occupation. To understand how, McDougall retraces their steps across the island that birthed Herakles and Odysseus, and discovers ancient techniques for endurance, sustenance, and natural movement that have been preserved in unique communities around the world. His search takes us scrambling over rooftops with a Parkour crew in London, foraging for greens with a ballerina in Brooklyn, tossing heavy pieces of driftwood on a Brazilian beach with the creator of MovNat—and, finally, to our own backyards. “McDougall traveled to Crete to examine the physical and mental capacity of Greek war heroes [and] studied natural movement, endurance, and nutrition to understand how regular people are capable of extraordinary athletic feats.... We can all adapt the tools of the athletes featured.” —Real Simple Look for Christopher McDougall's new book, Born to Run 2, coming in December!
Download or read book Endurance in Sport written by R. J. Shephard and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-30 with total page 1008 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Endurance in Sport is a comprehensive and authoritative work on all aspects of this major component of sports science. The book also embraces medical and sport-specific issues of particular relevance to those interested in endurance performance. The scientific basis and mechanisms of endurance - physiological, psychological, genetic and environmental - are all considered in depth. Measurement of endurance is extensively reviewed as is preparation and training for physical activities requiring endurance.
Download or read book An Introduction to Human Evolutionary Anatomy written by Leslie Aiello and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1990-09-11 with total page 609 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An anthropologist and an anatomist have combined their skills in this book to provide students and research workers with the essentials of anatomy and the means to apply these to investigations into hominid form and function. Using basic principles and relevant bones, conclusions can be reached regarding the probable musculature, stance, brain size, age, weight, and sex of a particular fossil specimen. The sort of deductions which are possible are illustrated by reference back to contemporary apes and humans, and a coherent picture of the history of hominid evolution appears. Written in a clear and concise style and beautifully illustrated, An Introduction to Human Evolutionary Anatomy is a basic reference for all concerned with human evolution as well as a valuable companion to both laboratory practical sessions and new research using fossil skeletons.
Download or read book Understanding the Human Foot written by James Earls and published by North Atlantic Books. This book was released on 2021-11-02 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An essential resource for bodyworkers, physical therapists, and sports medicine practitioners--a vital guide to understanding the anatomy, form, and mechanics of the human foot. Understanding the Human Foot is a full-color, up-to-date overview of the structure and function of the foot, written for physical therapists and movement practitioners looking to deepen their understanding of holistic anatomy. Readers will gain perspective on the impacts of foot shape; the interdependence of form and function; and the cellular processes that determine how our tissue is designed. Most importantly, author James Earls demonstrates how the foot relates to and interacts with the rest of the body during movement, laying the groundwork for a comprehensive holistic approach to assessing, troubleshooting, and addressing functional and structural foot issues. Starting with big-picture questions--what is a foot, and what is it used for? How does it work, both on its own and as part of a whole?--before zeroing in on the 26 bones, 33 joints, and many muscles that make up the foot, Earls teaches anatomy the way he wishes he'd been taught 30 years ago: with a holistic emphasis on interrelated systems, real-life applications, and approachable, easy-to-understand language. He shares: Full-color illustrations for easy reference and comprehensive understanding An overview of the bones, ligaments, and extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the foot How your gait impacts the rest of the body--and can cause problems as high up as the neck and shoulders How to assess structural problems of the foot Corrective exercises A footwear guide to choosing the best shoe for your foot type
Download or read book Structural and Mechanistic Determinants of Endurance Performance written by Fábio Juner Lanferdini and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-11-17 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Human Foot written by Leslie Klenerman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-16 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unique study of the human foot Sole perspective on the human foot in the market
Download or read book The American Physical Therapy Association Book of Body Repair Maintenance written by Marilyn Moffat and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 1999-04-15 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The American Physical Therapy Association Book of Body Maintenance and Repair explores the mechanical workings of every moving part of the body, explains what can go wrong, and then provides a complete program for ensuring the greatest long-term health for that area and tells you how to respond when injuries occur. Whether your concern is a sore back, an injured knee, or general strength and flexibility, no other book can lead the way to total body health as effectively or authoritatively as The American Physical Therapy Association Book of Body Maintenance and Repair. Book jacket.
Download or read book Natural Running written by Abshire Danny and published by VeloPress. This book was released on 2010-12-01 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural Running is the middle ground runners have been looking for. By learning to run the barefoot way, while wearing shoes, runners will become more efficient, stronger, and healthier runners. Backed by studies at MIT and Harvard, running form and injury expert Danny Abshire presents the natural running technique, form drills, and an 8-week transition plan that will put runners on the path to faster, more efficient, and healthier running.In Natural Running, Abshire explains how modern running shoes distort the efficient running technique that humans evolved over thousands of years. He reviews the history of running shoes and injuries, making the case for barefoot running but also warning about its dangers. By learning the natural running technique, runners can enjoy both worlds: comfortable feet, knees, and legs and an efficient running form that reduces impact and injuries.Natural Running teaches runners to think about injuries as symptoms of poor running form. Abshire specifies the overuse injuries that are most commonly associated with particular body alignment problems, foot types, and form flaws. Runners will learn how to analyze and identify their own characteristics so they can start down the path to natural running.Abshire explains the natural running technique, describing the posture, arm carriage, cadence, and land-lever-lift foot positioning that mimic the barefoot running style. Using Abshire’s 8-week transition plan and a tool kit of strength and form drills, runners will move from heel striking to a midfoot or forefoot strike.Natural Running is the newest way to run and also the oldest. By discovering how they were meant to run, runners will become more efficient, stronger, and healthier runners.
Download or read book The Science and Practice of Middle and Long Distance Running written by Richard Blagrove and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-03-29 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The popularity of distance running as a sport, and a recreational activity, is at an all-time high. Motivated by the desire to achieve a personal best, remain healthy, or simply complete an event, distance runners of all ages and abilities actively seek out advice from experienced coaches and sport scientists. This is also reflected in the growth of programmes of education for young coaches and aspiring sport scientists in recent years. There are a multitude of different approaches to training distance runners; however, the basic principles and ingredients required for success are applicable to any distance runner. The science that underpins the training and physical preparation of distance runners has developed considerably in recent years. The most experienced and successful coaches in the distance running community rarely have the opportunity to share their tried and tested methods of training. Similarly, the novel work of sport scientists is often only accessible to elite runners, their support teams and academia. The Science and Practice of Middle and Long Distance Running links together the science and coaching artistry associated with preparing distance runners for events ranging from 800 m up to ultra-marathon distances. It combines the latest scientific evidence, published by world-leading sport scientists, with the sound training principles and strategies adopted by experienced coaches. The book translates cutting-edge scientific research from the fields of physiology, biomechanics, psychology and nutrition into practical suggestions for achieving success. Important topical issues and contemporary practices related to health and performance are also addressed. This book is an essential addition to the library of any distance runner, coach or sport scientist.
Download or read book Physiological Aspects of Sport Training and Performance written by Jay Hoffman and published by Human Kinetics. This book was released on 2014-03-31 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physiological Aspects of Sport Training and Performance, Second Edition With Web Resource, updates and expands on the popular first edition, providing an in-depth discussion of physiological adaptation to exercise. Students will learn the importance of an evidence-based approach in prescribing exercise, while sports medicine professionals and health care providers will appreciate using the text as a primary reference on conditioning and performance of athletes. A range of topics are covered, including environmental influences on performance, hydration status, sport nutrition, sport supplements, and performance-enhancing drugs. The book is focused on physiological adaptation to exercise with a goal of providing practical applications to facilitate exercise prescriptions for a variety of athletes. Physiological Aspects of Sport Training and Performance, Second Edition, is organized into five parts. The first part examines physiological adaptation and the effects of various modes of training on biochemical, hormonal, muscular, cardiovascular, neural, and immunological adaptations. The second part covers principles of exercise training and prescription. The third part discusses nutrition, hydration status, sport supplementation, and performance-enhancing drugs. The fourth part focuses on environmental factors and their influence on sport performance. The fifth and final part is focused on how certain medical and health conditions influence sport performance. Updates in this second edition focus on cutting-edge knowledge in sport science and sports medicine, including the latest information on physiological adaptations to exercise; current trends for training for power, speed, and agility; eye-opening discussions on sport supplementation and performance-enhancing drugs; data on training with medical conditions such as diabetes and exercise-induced bronchospasm; and groundbreaking information on training in heat and cold and at altitude. In addition, new chapters offer a practical approach to the yearly training program and sudden death in sport. The second edition also incorporates the following features to enhance practical application and facilitate students’ learning: • A new web resource includes 80 drills and 41 video demonstrations that help readers understand how to implement the various exercises. • Chapter objectives provide an overview of key content in each chapter. • Chapter review questions help students assess their learning. • In Practice sidebars bring chapter content to life in a practical manner and help students better understand the material. Students and instructors will benefit from the new web resource, which features 80 drills and detailed instruction on performing each drill. The drills can be used for a dynamic warm-up or to enhance speed and agility. Most drills are accompanied by at least one photo showing how to perform a key movement of the drill. Forty of the drills are accompanied by a video of the drill being performed in its entirety, and a dynamic warm-up routine video features 10 warm-up exercises. Physiological Aspects of Sport Training and Performance, Second Edition, provides a strong basis for understanding adaptation to exercise and appreciating how changes in program variables can alter training adaptations. All the information in this text is presented in an attractive, reader-friendly format that is conducive to learning. The text serves as both a key educational tool and a primary reference for exercise prescription for athletes.
Download or read book The Art of Running Faster written by Julian Goater and published by Human Kinetics. This book was released on 2012-03-09 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Any runner can tell you that the sport isn’t just about churning out miles day in and day out. Runners have a passion, dedication, and desire to go faster, longer, and farther. Now, The Art of Running Faster provides you with a new approach to running, achieving your goals and setting your personal best. Whether you’re old or young, new to the sport or an experienced marathoner, this guide will change how you run and the results you achieve. The Art of Running Faster challenges the stereotypes, removes the doubts and erases the self-imposed limitations by prescribing not only what to do but also how to do it. Inside, you will learn how to •overcome the obstacles that prevent you from running faster, more comfortably, and with greater focus; •rethink conventional training methods, listen to your body, and challenge traditional running ‘norms’; •customize your training program to emphasize the development of speed, strength, and stamina; •shift gears, reach that next level of performance, and blow past the competition. In this one-of-a-kind guide, former world-class runner Julian Goater shares his experiences, insights and advice for better, more efficient and faster running. Much more than training tips and motivational stories, The Art of Running Faster is your guide to improved technique and optimal performance. Let Julian Goater show you a new way to run faster, farther and longer.
Download or read book Running Science written by Owen Anderson and published by Human Kinetics. This book was released on 2013 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive guide to all things running explains running physiology, biomechanics, medicine, genetics, biology, psychology, training, and racing.
Download or read book Physical Fitness sports Medicine written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Consists of citations selected from those contained in the National Library of Medicine's Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System.
Download or read book The Science of Running written by Steve Magness and published by Origin Press (CA). This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reviews of The Science of Running:"The Science of Running sets the new standard for training theory and physiological data. Every veteran and beginner distance coach needs to have this on their book shelf."-Alan WebbAmerican Record Holder-Mile 3:46.91 "For anyone serious about running, The Science of Running offers the latest information and research for optimizing not only your understanding of training but also your performance. If you want to delve deeper into the world of running and training, this book is for you. You will never look at running the same."-Jackie Areson, 15th at the 2013 World Championships in the 5k. 15:12 5,000m best If you are looking for how to finish your first 5k, this book isn't for you. The Science of Running is written for those of us looking to maximize our performance, get as close to our limits as possible, and more than anything find out how good we can be, or how good our athletes can be. In The Science of Running, elite coach and exercise physiologist Steve Magness integrates the latest research with the training processes of the world's best runners, to deliver an in depth look at how to maximize your performance. It is a unique book that conquers both the scientific and practical points of running in two different sections. The first is aimed at identifying what limits running performance from a scientific standpoint. You will take a tour through the inside of the body, learning what causes fatigue, how we produce energy to run, and how the brain functions to hold you back from super-human performance. In section two, we turn to the practical application of this information and focus on the process of training to achieve your goals. You will learn how to develop training plans and to look at training in a completely different way. The Science of Running does not hold back information and is sure to challenge you to become a better athlete, coach, or exercise scientist in covering such topics as:· What is fatigue? The latest research on looking at fatigue from a brain centered view.· Why VO2max is the most overrated and misunderstood concept in both the lab and on the track· Why "zone" training leads to suboptimal performance.· How to properly individualize training for your own unique physiology.· How to look at the training process in a unique way in terms of stimulus and adaptation.· Full sample training programs from 800m to the marathon.
